Escape velocity

Escape velocity
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	cosmic velocity (en)
Bangare na	gravity (en) da spacecraft (en)
Mabiyi	first cosmic velocity (en)
Ta biyo baya	third cosmic velocity (en)
Karatun ta	orbital mechanics (en)
ISQ dimension (en)	${\mathsf {L}}{\mathsf {T}}^{-1}$
Defining formula (en)	$v_{\mathrm {e} }={\sqrt {\frac {2GM}{r}}}$
In defining formula (en)	$v_{\mathrm {e} }$, $G$, $M$ da $r$
Quantity symbol (LaTeX) (en)	$v_{\mathrm {e} }$ da $v_{\mathrm {2} }$

A cikin makanikai na sararin samaniya, gudun hijira ko gudun gudu shine mafi ƙarancin gudun da ake buƙata don abu don tserewa daga hulɗa da ko kewayen jikin farko, ana ɗauka:

Yanayin ballistic - babu wasu dakarun da ke aiki akan abu, kamar motsawa da gogayya

Babu sauran abubuwan da ke samar da nauyi.

Ko da yake kalmar gudun hijira ta zama ruwan dare gama gari, an kwatanta shi daidai a matsayin gudu fiye da gudu saboda ba ta da alkibla.  Domin karfin nauyi tsakanin abubuwa biyu ya dogara da yawan haduwarsu, gudun tserewa kuma ya dogara da yawa.  Don tauraron dan adam na wucin gadi da ƙananan abubuwa na halitta, yawan abin da ke cikin abu yana ba da gudummawar da ba ta dace ba ga haɗuwar haɗuwa, don haka sau da yawa ana watsi da su.

Gudun tserewa ya bambanta da nisa daga tsakiyar jiki na farko, haka ma saurin abin da ke tafiya ƙarƙashin tasirin gravitational na farko.  Idan abu yana cikin kewayawa ko zagaye na elliptical, saurinsa koyaushe yana ƙasa da gudun tserewa a nisan da yake yanzu.  Sabanin haka idan yana kan yanayin hawan jini ko da yaushe saurinsa zai kasance sama da gudun tserewa a nisan da yake yanzu.  (Zai rage gudu yayin da yake girma zuwa mafi nisa, amma yin haka a cikin asymptotically yana gabatowa madaidaicin gudu).  Yana da daidaitattun daidaiton ingantaccen kuzarin motsi da kuzari mara nauyi;koyaushe zai kasance yana raguwa, yana kusantar saurin sifili, amma ba zai daina ba..Ana amfani da lissafin saurin gudu don tantance ko wani abu zai ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin yanayin tasirin abin da aka bayar.  Misali, a binciken tsarin hasken rana yana da amfani a san ko bincike zai ci gaba da kewaya duniya ko kuma ya tsere zuwa sararin samaniyar sararin samaniya.  Hakanan yana da amfani sanin nawa bincike zai buƙaci rage gudu don a kama shi ta hanyar gravitation da jikin da zai nufa.  Roka ba dole ba ne su isa gudun tserewa a cikin motsi guda ɗaya, kuma abubuwa kuma za su iya amfani da taimakon nauyi don kawar da kuzarin motsa jiki daga manyan jikuna.

Madaidaicin lissafin yanayi yana buƙatar yin la'akari da ƙananan ƙarfi kamar ja na yanayi, matsa lamba, da iskar rana.  Roka a ƙarƙashin ci gaba ko ci gaba da turawa (ko wani abu da ke hawan sararin sama) zai iya samun tserewa a kowane gudu mara sifili, amma mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin da ake buƙata don yin hakan koyaushe iri ɗaya ne.