Esther Herlitz

Esther Herlitz (Ibraniyawa; 9 ga Oktoba 1921 - 24 ga Maris 2016) 'yar diflomasiyyar Isra'ila ce kuma 'yar siyasa wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin memba na Knesset don Alignment tsakanin 1973 da 1977 kuma daga 1979 har zuwa 1981. Ita ce kuma jakadan mata na farko na Isra'ila, bayan an nada ta a matsayin jakadan kasar a Denmark a shekarar 1966.

Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi

An haife ta a Berlin, Jamus a 1921, Herlitz ya yi hijira tare da iyalinta zuwa Mandatory Palestine a 1933. Mahaifinta, masanin tarihi George Herlitz, ya kafa Cibiyar Tarihin Zionist a Urushalima. Ta halarci makarantar sakandare a Urushalima, da farko a Gymnasia Rehavia, sannan daga baya a Makarantar Sakandare ta Jami'ar Ibrananci. Ta kuma yi karatu a makarantar malamai da makarantar ma'aikatan kasashen waje.[1]

Ayyukan soja

Herlitz ya shiga Haganah a matsayin mai daukar ma'aikata a sansanin horo na Sarafand . Daga nan aka kara mata matsayi na jami'in Sojojin Burtaniya, kuma daga baya ta yi aiki a cikin Sojojin Tsaro na Isra'ila.

A shekara ta 1947, Herlitz ya zama ɗaya daga cikin 'yan takara 25 da aka yarda da su a cikin sabuwar makarantar diflomasiyya da Hukumar Yahudawa ta kafa. Koyaya, ta jinkirta waɗannan karatun saboda yakin Falasdinu na 1947-1949. A lokacin rikici, ta yi aiki tare da brigade na Etzioni Urushalima, tana kare babban birnin daga harin Masar. Lokacin da yaƙin ya ƙare a lokacin rani na 1948, mai ba da shawara ga Herlitz, Moshe Sharett, ya ba da umarnin a sake ta don ta iya aiki a gare shi a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Waje. Duk da tattaunawar, tsakanin Sharett, David Shaltiel da Mina Ben-Zvi, ba a sallami Herlitz a hukumance daga Sojojin Tsaro na Isra'ila ba, amma an ba shi izinin zama minista ba tare da la'akari ba. A lokacin da take minista, ta shiga cikin tattaunawar Yarjejeniyar Maidowa tsakanin Isra'ila da Jamus ta Yamma wanda aka nada ta shugabar teburin Amurka, kasar da ta ziyarta ne kawai a watan Satumbar 1949 a matsayin wakilin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. A lokacin da take wakili, ta sadu da Eleanor Roosevelt, Uwargidan Shugaban Amurka kuma ta kafa dangantaka da ita.

Ayyukan siyasa

Herlitz ya zama Sakatare na farko a ofishin jakadancin Isra'ila a Washington, DC a cikin 1950, yana aiki a matsayin haka a ƙarƙashin Abba Eban, Teddy Kollek da Chaim Herzog . Bayan ta koma New York a shekara ta 1954, ta yi aiki a majalisar jihar tsakanin 1955 da 1958 kuma a cikin waɗannan shekarun ta kasance mai ba da shawara a Boston. Daga 1958 zuwa 1962, Herlitz, tare da amincewar Sharett, ya kafa sannan ya jagoranci Ma'aikatar Kasa da Kasa ta Mapai a lokaci guda yana aiki a matsayin darektan alakar jama'a na Ma'aikatu na Harkokin Waje.

Herlitz ya kuma kasance memba na Majalisar Birnin Tel Aviv, kuma ya jagoranci kwamitin al'adu tsakanin 1960 da 1964. A lokacin da take shugabar, Herlitz ta taimaka wajen kafa Beit Ariela da kuma ci gaban karatun karatu da rubutu ga mata masu karamin karfi. Ta koma matsayin Ministan Harkokin Waje a shekarar 1962, kuma bayan ta yi aiki a karkashin Golda Meir, an nada ta shugabar Sashen Baƙi, wanda ke da alhakin kula da baƙi daga kasashen waje. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, Herlitz ya zama shugaban Sashen Bayanai yana aiki don kafa kyakkyawan hoto na Isra'ila. Ita ce mace ta farko da aka zaba a matsayin shugabar kwamitin ma'aikatan ma'aikatar, amma ta yi murabus bayan shekara guda don neman makomar siyasa ta hanyar shiga jam'iyyar Mapai don yin takarar Knesset a shekarar 1965. Koyaya, jam'iyyarta ta sha kashi a lokacin Zaben majalisar dokokin Isra'ila na 1965, kuma ta koma aikinta na ma'aikatar ta zama mace ta farko bayan Golda Meir da aka nada a matsayin jakada a Denmark inda ta yi aiki har zuwa 1971.