Fadar Al Masmak
| Fadar Al Masmak | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Wuri | |
| Ƴantacciyar ƙasa | Saudi Arebiya |
Province of Saudi Arabia (en)  | Riyadh Province (en) |
| Mazaunin mutane | Riyadh |
| Coordinates | 24°37′52″N 46°42′48″E / 24.6311°N 46.7133°E |
 | |
| History and use | |
| Opening | 1865 |
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Al Masmak Palace ana kiran ta da Masmak Fortress or Masmak Fort, gidan tarihi ne na clay da mudbrick fort in the ad-Dirah yana kusa da Riyadh, Ƙasar Saudi Arabia, yana wurin al-Hukm Palace a cikin Qasr al-Hukm District. Commissioned in 1865 by Abdullah bin Faisal Al Saud, it was completed in 1895 following the takeover of the town by the Rashidi dynasty.[1] The fortress was the main theatre for the Battle of Riyadh in 1902, which marked the prelude to the unification of Saudi Arabia. It was opened to the general public in 1995 after its conversion into a museum.[2]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Abdullah bin Faisal, Sarkin Najd, ne ya fara gina sansanin a cikin shekara ta 1865. [3] Sarkin Riyadh, 'Abdurrahman ibn Sulaiman ne ya kammala shi a shekara ta 1895 a ƙarƙashin mulkin Muhammad bin Abdullah Al Rashid, mai mulkin Masarautar Jabal Shammar kuma shugaban Gidan Rasheed, wanda ya kwace ikon birnin daga gidan Saud, wanda daga baya ya tafi gudun hijira. An gina shi da hasumiyoyi huɗu masu tsaro da ganuwar kauri, tare da tushe na tubalan dutse, yana kwance a tsakiyar Riyadh, a cikin tsohon birni, wani ɓangare na gundumar Deira ta zamani. Yana daya daga cikin gine-ginen tarihi da suka tsira a masarautar. Ginin ya kasance a cibiyar kasuwanci ta Riyadh mai tarihi.
A watan Janairun 1902, Sarkin sarakuna 'Abdulaziz ibn Saud Al Saud, wanda a lokacin yana zaune a gudun hijira a Kuwait, ya koma Riyadh kuma ya jagoranci kwanton bauna kan sansanin Masmak, ya sake dawo da shi daga gidan Rasheed a yakin Riyadh . Wannan taron, wanda ya dawo da ikon Saudiyya a kan Riyadh, an dauke shi daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci a kammala Haɗin kan Saudi Arabia.[4][5] Sarki Abdulaziz ya yi amfani da shi azaman ɗakin ajiyar makamai daga 1902 zuwa 1938 kafin ya tura kotunsa zuwa sabon Fadar Murabba da aka gina.[6]
A shekara ta 1979, Majalisa ta Riyadh ta shirya wani bincike don maido da Masmak, bayan haka an fara gyaran sansanin.[7] An fahimci hangen nesa a shekarar 1995 lokacin da Ma'aikatar Ilimi da Babban Hukumar Ci Gaban Riyadh suka canza ginin zuwa gidan kayan gargajiya, suna mai da shi wani bangare na al'adun Saudiyya.[2] Daga baya aka sanya shi cikin Cibiyar Tarihin Sarki Abdulaziz, jerin gine-ginen da aka dawo da su a Riyadh . [7] An gudanar da bukukuwan cika shekaru dari a shekarar 1999.[8] Gidan kayan gargajiya ya haɗa da nune-nunen bindigogi da yawa na dā, kayan ado da kayan aikin gona.
Gine-gine
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ƙofar
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Babban ƙofar fadar tana cikin bangon yamma, tana auna 3.6 m (12 ft) tsawo da 2.65 m (8 ft 8 in) in) fadi. Yana da 10 cm (3.9 in) in) kauri kuma an yi shi da itacen dabino. Akwai budewa a tsakiyar ƙofar, wanda ake kira al-Khokha, wanda yake da girma sosai ga mutum ɗaya ya wuce a lokaci guda, kuma fasalin tsaro ne wanda aka tsara don ba da damar mutane su shiga da fita ba tare da buɗe ƙofar ba.
Masallaci
Masallacin yana gefen hagu na ƙofar. Babban ɗaki ne wanda ginshiƙai da yawa ke tallafawa tare da ɗakunan ajiya a cikin ganuwar don sanya mus'hafs na Alkur'ani. Ana iya samun mihrab a cikin masallacin, kuma akwai ramuka a cikin ganuwar don samar da iska.
Majalisun
Yana tsaye a gaban ƙofar kuma ɗaki ne a cikin siffar rectangle. A bangon da ke fuskantar ƙofar da bangon kudu, akwai ramuka a cikin bangon don iska da haskakawa, kamar waɗanda aka samu a cikin masallacin.
Rijiyar tana cikin kusurwar arewa maso gabashin sansanin.
Hasumiyoyin tsaro
A cikin kowane kusurwar masallacin akwai hasumiyoyi masu tsayi, kowannensu kusan 18 m (59 ft) tsawo. Ana samun damar zuwa hasumiyoyin ta hanyar matakan da ke ciki. Ganuwar hasumiyoyin suna da kauri sosai, kaurinsu ya kai 1.25 m (4 ft 1 in) in).
Gidan farfajiyar
Gidan yana kewaye da ɗakuna tare da ginshiƙai da aka haɗa da juna a ciki, kuma yana da matakala a gefen gabas wanda ke kaiwa ga bene na farko da rufin, kuma akwai raka'a uku na zama, na farko ya zama gidan mai mulki, na biyu ya zama Bayt al-mal, kuma na uku an ba shi don saukar da baƙi.
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- Jerin gidajen tarihi a Saudi Arabia
- Majalisun
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Masmak Fortress | Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Attractions". Lonely Planet (in Turanci). Retrieved 14 July 2020.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "مدينة الرياض". riyadh.sa. Retrieved 2020-08-11.
- ↑ H. St. J. B. Philby (Spring 1959). "Riyadh: Ancient and Modern". Middle East Journal. 13 (2): 136. JSTOR 4323104.
- ↑ "Al-Masmak Fort". Saudi Arabia Tourism Guide (in Turanci). 29 December 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
- ↑ "Al Masmak Fortress". visitsaudi.com (in Turanci). Retrieved 14 July 2020.
- ↑ "Historic Riyadh". Simbacom. Archived from the original on 19 June 2013. Retrieved 22 July 2013.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Riyadh". Meet Saudi Arabia. 2012. Retrieved 22 July 2013.
- ↑ "Masmak Fort: The birthplace of modern Saudi nation". Arab News (in Turanci). 2015-10-13. Retrieved 2024-11-25.