Faransanci da Afirka

Faransanci da Afirka
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	neocolonialism (en) da foreign relations of France (en)
Fuskar	France–Africa relations (en)
Ƙasa	Faransa

Taswirar da ke nuna yankunan Faransa, masu kariya da umarni (a cikin shuɗi) a Afirka a cikin 1945; wato Afirka ta Equatorial ta Faransa, Arewacin Afirka ta Faransa, Somaliland na Faransa da Afirka ta Yamma ta Faransa. Tare da tsoffin yankuna na Belgium (wanda aka nuna a cikin shuɗi mai haske), waɗannan yankuna a yau sun zama yawancin Afirka mai magana da harshen Faransanci.

(or grandeur Bayan samun 'yancin kai na yankunanta na Afirka tun daga shekarar 1959, Faransa ta ci gaba da kula da wani bangare na tasiri a kan sabbin kasashe, wanda ya kasance mai mahimmanci ga hangen nesa na Shugaba Charles de Gaulle na lokacin na Faransa a matsayin iko na duniya (ko girman a Faransanci) kuma a matsayin kariya ga tasirin Burtaniya da Amurka a cikin duniyar da ta bayan mulkin mallaka.

Amurka ta goyi bayan ci gaba da kasancewa na Faransa a Afirka don hana yankin fadawa ƙarƙashin tasirin Soviet a lokacin Yaƙin Cold . Faransa ta ci gaba da alaƙa da siyasa, tattalin arziki, soja da al'adu tare da tsoffin yankunan Afirka waɗanda ke da matakai da yawa, waɗanda suka haɗa da ma'aikata, matsakaicin ma'aikata da na al'ada.

Françafrique an nuna shi da siffofi da yawa da suka fito a lokacin Yakin Cold, na farko daga cikinsu shine tantanin Afirka, ƙungiyar da ta ƙunshi Shugaban Faransa da masu ba shi shawara na kusa waɗanda suka yanke shawara kan manufofi a Afirka, sau da yawa a cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da cibiyoyin kasuwanci masu ƙarfi da sabis na sirri na Faransa. Wani fasalin shi ne yankin franc, ƙungiyar kuɗi wacce ta haɗa kuɗin mafi yawan ƙasashen Afirka da ke magana da harshen Faransanci zuwa franc na Faransanci. Françafrique kuma ya dogara ne, a babban bangare, akan manufar hadin kai, wanda aka aiwatar ta hanyar jerin yarjejeniyar hadin gwiwa wanda ya ba Faransa damar kafa alaƙar siyasa, tattalin arziki, soja da al'adu tare da tsoffin yankunan Afirka. Har ila yau, Faransa ta ga kanta a matsayin mai tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali a yankin sabili da haka ta karɓi manufofin shiga tsakani a Afirka, wanda ya haifar da shiga tsakani na soja wanda ya kai sau ɗaya a shekara daga 1960 zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1990. A ƙarshe, babban fasalin Françafrique shine hanyoyin sadarwar sirri waɗanda suka kafa dangantakar iyali tsakanin shugabannin Faransa da Afirka. Wadannan cibiyoyin sadarwa galibi ba su da kulawa da bincike, wanda ya haifar da cin hanci da rashawa da fashi na jihar.

Magana

The term Françafrique was derived from the expression France-Afrique. The first known usage is in a 1945 editorial from the pro-colonial politician and journalist Jean Piot (politician) in the newspaper L'Aurore. It has often been mistakenly attributed to a 1955 discourse by President Félix Houphouët-Boigny of Ivory Coast, who advocated maintaining a close relationship with France, while acceding to independence. Close cooperation between Houphouët-Boigny and Jacques Foccart, chief advisor on African policy in the Charles de Gaulle and Georges Pompidou governments (1958–1974) is claimed by supporters to have contributed to the "Ivorian miracle" of economic and industrial progress.

François-Xavier Verschave ya yi amfani da kalmar Françafrique a matsayin taken littafinsa na 1998, La Françafrica: le plus long scandale de la République, wanda ke sukar manufofin Faransa a Afirka. Verschave da ƙungiyar Survie, wanda ya kasance shugaban har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2005, sun sake amfani da kalmar Houphouët-Boigny don yin suna da kuma nuna rashin amincewa da alaƙa da yawa tsakanin Faransa da Afirka. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]

Ta hanyar sanar da ƙarshen Françafrique, tun lokacin da gwamnatocin da suka biyo baya na tsoffin mallakar Faransa a Afirka suka sami 'yancin kai, Faransa kawai tana tabbatar da cewa tsarin mulkin mallaka tsari ne da ba a gama ba.