Fasahar da ta fi dacewa

Fasahar da ta fi dacewa
	legal term or legal concept (en)
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	Q1399980

Fasahar da ta fi dacewa ko dabarun da ke akwai (BAT) ita ce fasahar da 'yan majalisa ko masu tsarawa suka amince da ita don saduwa da ka'idoji fitarwa don wani tsari, kamar Rage gurɓataccen yanayi. Irin waɗannan kalmomi sune mafi kyawun hanyar da za a iya amfani da ita ko Mafi kyawun zaɓi na muhalli. BAT manufa ce mai motsawa akan ayyuka, tunda bunkasa dabi'un al'umma da ci gaba da dabarun na iya canza abin da a halin yanzu ake la'akari da shi a matsayin "mai yiwuwa", "mafi kyawun yiwuwar" da "mafi kyau".

Fahimtar zahiri za ta haɗa shi da koyarwar "ba ta da tsada" wanda ke ba da umarnin samun mafi kyawun fasaha fasaha da ake da ita, ba tare da la'akari da nazarin farashi na gargajiya ba.^[1] A cikin amfani mai amfani, ana kuma la'akari da fasalin farashi.^[2] Dubi kuma tattaunawa game da batun Ka'idar kariya wanda, tare da la'akari da mafi kyawun fasahar da ke akwai da kuma nazarin farashi-amfanin, yana da hannu a tattaunawar da ke haifar da tsara manufofi da ka'idojin muhalli (ko adawa da hakan).

Tarihi

Dokokin Tarayyar Turai

Mafi kyawun dabarun da ke akwai ba tare da ƙimar wuce gona da iri ba (BATNEEC), wani lokacin ana kiransa mafi kyawun fasahar da ke akwai, an gabatar da shi a cikin 1984 tare da Umurni 84/360/EEC kuma an yi amfani da shi don gurɓata iska daga manyan masana'antu.

A cikin shekara ta 1996, Dokar 84/360/EEC ta maye gurbin Dokar Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Directive 96/61/EC, wanda ya yi amfani da tsarin tsarin mafi kyawun fasahar da ke akwai (BAT) zuwa, a tsakanin wasu, hadadden kula da gurɓataccen iska ga kafofin watsa labarai guda uku, ruwa da ƙasa. Har ila yau, manufar wani bangare ne na sake fasalin umarnin a cikin 2008 (Directive 2008/1/EC ^[3]) da kuma umarnin magajinsa, Dokar Masana'antu ta 2010/75/EU da aka buga a cikin 2010. Jerin, tare da "Takardu", na masana'antu waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin umarnin IPPC sun ƙunshi shigarwa sama da 30, gami da komai daga masana'antar masana'antu zuwa masana'antar samar da bangarorin katako.^[4]

BAT don wani bangare na masana'antu da aka ba da shi an bayyana shi a cikin takardun bincike da ake kira BREFs (Kyakkyawan Takardun Tushen Fasaha), kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin Mataki na 3 (11) na Umurnin Masana'antu. BREFs sune sakamakon musayar bayanai tsakanin kasashe membobin Tarayyar Turai, masana'antun da suka shafi, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da ke inganta kare muhalli da Hukumar Tarayyar Tarayyar Duniya bisa ga Mataki na 13 na umarnin. Wannan musayar bayanai ana kiranta da Tsarin Sevilla saboda Ofishin IPPC na Turai ne ke jagoranta a cikin Cibiyar Nazarin Fasaha ta Cibiyar Bincike ta hadin gwiwa ta Kwamitin Turai, wanda ke zaune a Seville. An tsara wannan tsari a cikin doka ta Hukumar Aiwatar da Hukuncin 2012/119/EU. Mafi mahimmancin babi na BREFs, ƙaddamarwar BAT, an buga su azaman aiwatar da yanke shawara na Hukumar Tarayyar Turai a cikin Jaridar Tarayyar Tarayyar Duniya. Dangane da Mataki na 14 (3) na Dokokin Masana'antu, ƙaddamarwar BAT za ta zama ma'anar saita yanayin izini na manyan shigarwar masana'antu.

Kula da gurɓataccen yanayi

Dangane da Mataki na 15 (2) na Dokokin Kasuwanci, ƙimar iyakar fitarwa da daidaitattun sigogi da matakan fasaha a cikin izini za su dogara ne akan mafi kyawun dabarun da ake da su, ba tare da ba da umarnin amfani da kowane fasaha ko takamaiman fasaha ba.

Manazarta

↑ Sinden, Amy (2014). "Cost-Benefit Analysis, Ben Franklin, and the Supreme Court" (PDF). UC Irvine Law Review. University of California, Irvine School of Law. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-10-02. Retrieved 2016-07-04.
↑ Sorrell, Steve (2001-02-19). "The Meaning of BATNEEC: Interpreting Excessive Costs in UK Industrial Pollution Regulation". sussex.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 2008-02-01. Retrieved 2007-08-09.
↑ "Directive 2008/1/EC". 29 January 2008.
↑ "European IPPC Bureau (EIPPCB)".

[1] Sinden, Amy (2014). "Cost-Benefit Analysis, Ben Franklin, and the Supreme Court" (PDF). UC Irvine Law Review. University of California, Irvine School of Law. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-10-02. Retrieved 2016-07-04.

[2] Sorrell, Steve (2001-02-19). "The Meaning of BATNEEC: Interpreting Excessive Costs in UK Industrial Pollution Regulation". sussex.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 2008-02-01. Retrieved 2007-08-09.

[3] "Directive 2008/1/EC". 29 January 2008.

[4] "European IPPC Bureau (EIPPCB)".

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