Fataucin Mutane a Angola
 Fataucin Mutane a Angola | |
|---|---|
human trafficking by country or territory (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Fuskar | safarar mutane |
Angola ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar TIP ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 2000 a watan Satumbar 2014.
Angola ƙasa ce mai tushe da makoma ga maza, mata, da yara da ke fuskantar fataucin mutane, musamman yanayin tilasta karuwanci da aiki tilas. A cikin gida, ana tilasta wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane su yi aiki a aikin gona, gine-gine, bautar gida, kuma an ruwaito su a cikin ma'adinan lu'u-lu'u. Mata da yara na Angola galibi suna fama da cinikin jima'i na cikin gida maimakon cinikin jimaʼi na kasa da kasa. Ana fataucin mata da yara zuwa Afirka ta Kudu, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo (DRC), Namibia, da ƙasashen Turai, da farko Portugal. Masu fataucin mutane suna kai yara maza zuwa Namibia don tilasta aiki a cikin kiwon shanu. Ana kuma tilasta wa yara su yi aiki a matsayin masu aikawa a cinikin kan iyaka ba bisa ka'ida ba tsakanin Namibia da Angola a matsayin wani ɓangare na makircin kauce wa kudaden shigo da kaya. 'Yan gudun hijira ba bisa ka'ida ba daga DRC sun shiga gundumomin hakar lu'u-lu'u na Angola, inda wasu daga baya aka ruwaito su yi aiki da karfi ko karuwanci a sansanonin hakar ma'adinai.[1][2]
l.[3]Gwamnatin Angola tana yin gagarumin kokari don yaki da fataucin mutane. Gwamnati ta ilimantar da jama'a game da haɗarin fataucin mutane a Angola, ta yi gyare-gyare ga Kundin Tsarin Mulki don hana fataucin mutum musamman, kuma ta ci gaba da samun kudade don ayyukan yaki da fataucin kaya duk da raguwar kudaden shiga na kasa da kuma raguwa ga kasafin kudin ta. Gwamnati ta dauki wasu matakai masu gaggawa don hana fataucin mutane a lokacin gasar kwallon kafa ta kasa da kasa, gano wadanda ke fama da fataucin, horar da karin masu bincike da jami'ai na yaki da fataucir, da kuma kara tilasta aiki a manyan hanyoyin fataucin kan iyakar. Masu aikata laifuka, duk da haka, ba sa yawan gurfanar da su, kuma ayyukan da abin ya shafa sun kasance kaɗan.
Ofishin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka don Kulawa da Yaki da Cin Hanci da Kasuwanci ya sanya kasar a cikin "Tier 2" a cikin 2017 [4] da 2023 .
A cikin 2023, Ƙididdigar Laifuka ta Ƙungiya ta ba ƙasar maki 6 cikin 10 don fataucin mutane, yana lura da matakan da suka fi girma na wannan laifi, da kuma taimakon da ba shi da tasiri ga waɗanda abin ya shafa.
Shari'a
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Angola ba ta da wata doka da ta haramta duk wani nau'in fataucin mutane, kodayake sabon Kundin Tsarin Mulki da aka gabatar a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, 2010 ya haramta fataucin mutum da gabobin. Har yanzu ba a yi gyare-gyare ga Dokar Shari'a don nuna waɗannan tanadi a hanyar da za ta ba da damar jami'ai su tilasta su akan masu aikata laifuka. Mataki na 390-395 na Dokar Shari'a sun haramta karuwanci da tilasta ko aiki, suna ba da hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru biyu zuwa takwas, wanda ya dace da hukuncin da aka tsara don wasu manyan laifuka. Ba a samar da kididdiga game da bincike ko hukunci na laifi a fili ba. Gwamnati ta karfafa hadin gwiwarta da Kungiyar Kasa da Kasa don Shige da Fice, ta hanyar da ta samar da horar da Jami'an 'yan sanda, jami'an tilasta bin doka, masu gabatar da kara, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, da masu ruwa da tsaki a wayar da kan jama'a game da fataucin mutane da kuma matakan da suka dace don magance fataucin. A matakin gida, 'yan sanda da jami'an soja sun kasance suna da hannu wajen sauƙaƙe shigar da baƙi ba bisa ka'ida ba a cikin lardunan ma'adinai na lu'u-lu'u na Lunda ta Arewa da Lunda ta Kudu, wasu daga cikinsu sun zama wadanda aka tilasta aiki ko karuwanci a sansanonin ma'adanai. Ofishin hadin gwiwar kare hakkin dan adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya ba da rahoton a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2009 cewa jami'an Kongo sun rushe wani zoben fataucin jima'i wanda ya "sayar" fiye da mata da 'yan mata 30 da aka fataucin ga ma'aikatan soja na Angola a lardin Cabinda. Duk da haka, ba a bayar da rahoton bincike ko gurfanar da jami'ai saboda shiga cikin fataucin mutane ba.[5][6]
Karewa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gwamnatin Angola ta ci gaba da yin kokari don tabbatar da cirewa wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane sun sami damar samun taimako. Gwamnati ta ci gaba da dogaro da addini, jama'a, da kungiyoyin kasa da kasa don karewa da taimakawa wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane; hukumomi sun gano kuma sun tura wadanda ke fama le fataucin ma'aikata 33 ga masu ba da kulawa a cikin watanni uku da suka gabata na 2009. Kungiyoyin ba da agaji ba ne suka yaba da wannan karuwar kwanan nan a cikin adadin wadanda aka gano tare da karin wayar da kan jama'a da kuma rahoto mafi kyau, maimakon karuwar faruwar fataucin mutane a Angola. Tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da UNICEF, Majalisar Yara ta Kasa (INAC) ta gwamnati ta ci gaba da gudanar da Cibiyoyin Kare Yara 18 (CPNs), waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin rikici "SOS Centers" ga waɗanda ke fama da fataucin mutane da sauran laifuka waɗanda ke tsakanin shekaru 9 zuwa 16. Babu wani sabis na wadanda aka azabtar da su ga yara da ba su kai shekara tara ba. CPNs sun ba da sabis na ceto, kiwon lafiya, taimakon shari'a da zamantakewa, da sake haɗuwa da iyali. Ma'aikatan gwamnati sun tura adadin wadanda ake zargi da su sama da shekaru 16 zuwa mafaka da ayyukan da Kungiyar Mata ta Angola (OMA) ta bayar, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da ke karɓar tallafin gwamnati. Ma'aikatan tilasta bin doka, shige da fice, da ma'aikatan zamantakewa ba su da tsarin da aka tsara na gano wadanda aka yi wa fataucin mutane tsakanin mutanen da ke da haɗari sosai waɗanda suka haɗu da su. Gwamnati ba ta ba da taimako na dogon lokaci ga wadanda abin ya shafa, kuma ba ta ba wa zama na wucin gadi ko na dindindin ga wadanda ke fama da fataucin kasashen waje. Shirin dokar yaki da fataucin mutane a halin yanzu ya haɗa da tanadi don samar da wadanda ke fama da fataucinsu na kasashen waje irin wannan taimakon zamantakewa, zama, da kariya ta shari'a da aka bayar ga masu neman mafaka. A karkashin dokar Angola, wadanda ke fama da fataucin jima'i na iya kawo tuhumar aikata laifuka a kan masu fataucin su, amma bazai nemi diyya ba. Dokar, duk da haka, ta samar da diyya ga wadanda ke fama da aikin tilas ko tilastawa. Dokokin yanzu ba su samar da madadin doka don cire wadanda ke fama da cutar kasashen waje zuwa ƙasashe inda za su iya fuskantar wahala ko fansa, ko kuma taimako daga gurfanar da su saboda laifuka da aka aikata sakamakon kai tsaye na fataucin mutane. [7][8]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor - Angola | U.S. Department of Labor". www.dol.gov. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
- ↑ "Poverty and Child Labour Keeping Girls out of school in Angola -". Swenga (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 2020-11-26. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
- ↑ Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. "Refworld | 2018 Trafficking in Persons Report - Angola". Refworld (in Turanci). Retrieved 2020-11-06.
- ↑ "Trafficking in Persons Report 2017: Tier Placements". www.state.gov (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 2017-06-28. Retrieved 2017-12-01.
- ↑ "2018 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor: Angola" (PDF).
- ↑ "SC Open Debate on the Trafficking in Persons in Conflict Situations | Angola". www.un.int. Retrieved 2020-11-19.
- ↑ "Angola Appeal". www.unicef.org (in Turanci). Retrieved 2020-11-19.
- ↑ "UNHCR Country, Portfolio Evaluation: Angola (2016-2019)" (PDF).