Fatawa Darul Uloom Deoband

 

Fatawa Darul Uloom Deoband (Urdu) tarin littattafai ne na 18 na ra'ayoyin shari'ar Islama, ko fatwas, wanda malaman Darul U loom Deobant, sanannen makarantar sakandare ta Islama a Indiya suka bayar. Fatwas sun rufe batutuwa da yawa, ciki har da bangaskiya, addu'a, azumi, sadaka, aikin hajji, aure, saki, da sauransu. Ana ɗaukar tarin a matsayin cikakkiyar jagora ga Shari'ar Musulunci, kuma masana da masana kimiyya a duniya sun ambaci shi a matsayin abin dogaro ga hukunce-hukuncen addini kan batutuwan zamantakewa, tattalin arziki, siyasa, da ɗabi'a. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2025, GwGwamnatin Bangladesh ba da sanarwar cewa za su fassara shi cikin bugu na 27.[2 about="#mwt8" data-ve-ignore="" href="./Category:Articles_containing_Urdu-language_text" id="mwDQ" rel="mw:PageProp/Category"/>

Tarihi

Tsarin tattarawa ya fara ne a farkon karni na 20, tare da matakin farko na fatwas wanda Muhammad Shafi ya tattara a 1938 kuma aka buga shi a matsayin Aziz al-Fatawa . Sashe na biyu na tattarawa ya fara ne a cikin 1970s a karkashin jagorancin Zafeeruddin Miftahi, wanda ya shirya fatwas zuwa kundin 12 bisa ga umarnin fiqhi. Mataki na uku ya fara ne a shekara ta 2005 kuma ya haɗa da ƙarin kundin shida, tare da Muhammad Amin Palanpuri ya kara da tarin.

Tarihi

Darul Uloom Deoband yana ba da fatwas na addini (ra'ayoyin shari'a) ga Musulmai tun lokacin da aka kafa shi. Da farko, an ba da alhakin ga malamai masu ilimi kamar Yaqub Nanautawi, waɗanda wasu malamai da ɗalibai suka taimaka musu. Koyaya, tare da karuwar yawan tambayoyin, an kafa sashen daban da ake kira Darul Ifta a cikin 1892, tare da Aziz-ul-Rahman Usmani a matsayin Mufti na farko. Ya yi aiki na tsawon shekaru 34 kuma ya rubuta kimanin fatwas 118,000, dukansu marubuta ne suka kwafe su cikin rajista kuma suka adana su don ambaton nan gaba.

An tattara fatwas na Aziz-ul-Rahman Usmani a matakai daban-daban, tare da Muhammad Shafi da Zafeeruddin Miftahi suna ɗaukar aikin a matakai na farko da na biyu, bi da bi. Wannan na ƙarshe ya tara jimlar kundin 12 a cikin tsari na fiqhi, wanda aka sani da Fatawa Darul Uloom Deoband . A mataki na uku, Muhammad Amin Palanpuri ya kara da wasu kundin shida zuwa tarin, inda ya kai jimlar 18. Wannan cikakken tarin ya haɗa da zaɓaɓɓun fatwas kawai da Aziz-ul-Rahman Usmani ya bayar kuma an san shi da Fatawa Darul Uloom Deoband .

Karɓar baƙi

A shekara ta 1951, Abul Kalam Azad, Ministan Ilimi na Indiya na farko, ya ziyarci Darul Uloom Deoband . A lokacin ziyararsa, ya yi sha'awar tarin fatwas masu yawa da mahimmanci, kuma ya nuna sha'awarsa ga shi. Har ma ya ce wannan tarin yana da damar samar da wani Fatwa-e-Tatar Khani. Azad ya ci gaba da yabon gudummawar madrasah ga ci gaban addini, yana gaskanta cewa irin wannan tarin zai iya sauƙaƙa warware matsalolin da mutane ke fuskanta. Alkalin Muhammad Khalid Masud na Kotun Koli ta Pakistan ya bayyana cewa Fatawa Darul Uloom Deoband muhimmiyar tushe ce don fahimtar ci gaban dokar Islama a zamanin zamani, da kuma nuna tarihin zamantakewa, tattalin arziki, da siyasa na Musulmai na Kudancin Asiya.

Dubi kuma

• Fatawa-e-Rashidiya
• Al-Muhannad 'ala al-Mufannad
• Deobandi fiqh