Fort Saint Anthony

Fort Saint Anthony
Fort San Antonio de Axim
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Forts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions
More pictures
Wuri
Ƴantacciyar ƙasa	Ghana
Yankuna na Ghana	Yankin Yammaci, Ghana
Gundumomin Ghana	Nzema East Municipal District
City or town (en)	Axim
Coordinates	4°52′05″N 2°14′40″W
History and use
Opening	1515
Muhimman Guraren Tarihi na Duniya
Criterion	World Heritage selection criterion (vi) (en)
Reference	34-010
Region	Africa
Registration	)

Fort Saint Anthony ( Fotigal : Forte de Santo António ; Yaren mutanen Holland : Fort St. Anthony) birni ne wanda Fotigal ta gina a shekara ta alif 1515 kusa da garin Axim, a yanzu kasar ta Ghana ce. A cikin 1642, Yaren mutanen Holland ya kwace sansanin soja kuma daga ya mai da shi bangare na Dutch Gold Coast. Yaren mutanen Holland sun fadada sansanin soja da yawa kafin su jiya shi, tare da ragowar mulkin mallaka, ga Birtaniyya a cikin 1872 Ginin yanzu shine mallakar jihar Ghana kuma yana budewa ga jama'a.

Kamar yadda yamma Fort na Yaren mutanen Holland mallaka, Fort Saint Anthony shi ne na farko Fort ci karo da Yaren mutanen Holland yan kasuwa, da kuma wurin da tattalinsu, kuma sabo ruwa da aka dauka a. Fort Saint Anthony zauna wani muhimmin Fort a cikin Yaren mutanen Holland mallaka, tare da kwamandan na aiki a matsayin babban kwamishina (Yaren mutanen Holland: cin nasara a majalisar) a masarautar mulkin mallaka a Elmina, tare da kwamandan Fort Nassau a Moree, kwamandan Fort Crèvecoeur a Accra, da kwamandan masana'antar a Ouidah, a Yankin Ku bauta na Yaren mutanen Holland . Ya bambanta da sauran abubuwan Dutch masu yawa a kan Gold Coast, Fort Saint Anthony ba a taɓa barin shi ba a cikin karni na 19, kuma ya kasance yana kasancewa har zuwa 1872.

Tarihi

Sakamakon karance-karancen karatun tarihin adabin na Portugal na karni na sha shida, ba a san ƙarami game da farkon shekarun Fort Saint Anthony da kuma dalilin Bafarangujin su zauna da kansu a Axim ba, duk da cewa muradin sarrafa cinikin zinare a yankin alama mai ma'ana dalili. Shaida ta farko game da shiga Portugal a kusa da Axim shine wasika daga gwamnan Elmina zuwa ga Sarkin Fotugal daga 1503, don aika kayan gini zuwa kyaftin Diogo d'Alvarenga, wanda ke kula da ginin "Gidan Axem. " Bayan mutanen yankin sun lalata wannan gidan, Fotigal ɗin ya gina sabon matsayi a ɗan gabas fiye da nesa, mai yiwuwa ne a wurin da har yanzu Fort Saint Anthony yake tsaye.

Ya bambanta da sauran makabartun da ke Gold Coast, ikon kwamandan Fort Saint Anthony ya kai nesa da birni mai kyau da kuma garin Axim. A cikin yarjejeniyar Axim wanda Netherlands ta sanya hannu a 1642 tare da mutanen gari bayan cin nasarar Saint Anthony daga Fotigal a shekara guda, sun ce suna da iko game da wasu ƙauyuka da ke kewaye da Axim, suna nuna cewa sun gaji wannan ikon daga da Fotigal. Bugu da kari, a watan Nuwamba 1656, bisa bukatar Buƙatar Janar Jan Valckenburgh, an gabatar da sanarwar ta wakilai na Gyommre, "Abripiquem," Ankobra, Ebokro, Axim da "Encasser," waɗanda suka ayyana su majiɓinta ne. tun a tarihi, kuma a koyaushe sukan sa rigimarsu a gaban kwamandan Fort Saint Anthony a Axim.

Babban yankin ikon yin tunanin shine sakamakon yunƙurin Portuguese a farkon karni na 17 don dawo da ikon su a cikin kasuwancin zinari - wanda a cikin 'yan shekarun nan Dutch ta ƙwace ta - ta hanyar samun dama kai tsaye ga tushen kasuwancin zinari a ciki. A shekara ta 1623, Fotigal ta kafa wani katanga mai kyau a Kogin Ankobra, mai tazarar kilomita 20 daga Axim, kusa da ƙauyen Bamianko na yanzu, daga nan suka kafa ma'adinin zinare a kan Dutsen Aboasi, kimanin kilomita takwas daga wannan hanyar. Bayan da Dutch ta ci Axim, suka karɓi ƙoƙarin Portuguese don sarrafa kasuwancin gwal a ciki. Koyaya, ginin da suka gina don wannan dalili akan Kogin Ankobra, Fort Ruychaver, kwamandan shi ne ya buge shi bayan shekaru biyar bayan ginin sa, bayan rikici tsakanin sa da mutanen gari.

Bayan da Dutch West India Company rasa ta kenkenewa a kan cinikin bayi a 1730, shi kokarin samar da auduga plantations a Axim. [1]

Babban kwamandan Fort Saint Anthony ya ci gaba da samun ikon yin shari'a a kan jihohin da aka ambata tun daga karni na 19. Lokacin da a ƙarshen 1850s Yaren mutanen Holland suka sake yin kwalliyar kayansu a kan Gold Coast zuwa cikin gundumomi kuma sun umurce kwamandojinsu-yanzu ake kira "mazauna" - don yin rahoto game da mutanen da ke ƙarƙashin ikonta, mazaunin Fort Saint Anthony, Julius Vitringa Coulon, haƙiƙa ya zana taswira wanda ke nuna ikon yin kama da wanda Valckenburgh ya ayyana.

3D Model

A cikin 2013, Zamani Project ya wallafa Fort Saint Anthony tare da yin binciken 3D na laser 3D. Researchungiyar binciken da ba ta riba ba daga Jami'ar Cape garin (Afirka ta Kudu) ƙwararre ne a cikin takaddun 3D na kayan tarihin al'adun gargajiya . Bayanan da aka samo daga Zamani na Zamani yana kirkirar rikodin dindindin wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don bincike, ilimi, maidowa da kiyayewa. A 3D model, panorama yawon shakatawa da kuma tsare-tsaren na Fort Saint Anthony suna samuwa a kan www.zamaniproject.org .

Hoto

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  Fort Saint Anthony today.
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  Floor plan of Fort Saint Anthony from the 18th century.
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  Map of the District of Axim drawn by Julius Vitringa Coulon in 1859.
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