Fort William, Ghana

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Fort William, Ghana
factory (en) Fassara da fort (en) Fassara
Bayanai
Bangare na Forts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions (en) Fassara
Farawa 1640
Ƙasa Ghana
Heritage designation (en) Fassara Ghana’s material cultural heritage (en) Fassara
World Heritage criteria (en) Fassara World Heritage selection criterion (vi) (en) Fassara
Ghana Place Names URL (en) Fassara https://sites.google.com/site/ghanaplacenames/places-in-perspective/castles-forts#h.knegjjgkpjnc
Wuri
Map
 5°10′27″N 1°07′08″W / 5.1742°N 1.1189°W / 5.1742; -1.1189
Ƴantacciyar ƙasaGhana
Yankuna na GhanaYankin Tsakiya

Fort William katafaren birni ne a Anomabu, Yankin Tsakiya, Ghana, wanda aka fi sani da Fort Anomabo kuma tsohon kwamandansa, Brodie Cruickshank, ya sake masa suna zuwa Fort William a karni na goma sha tara, wanda ya ƙara hawa ɗaya zuwa babban ginin a zamanin Sarki William IV.[1] Turawan Burtaniya ne suka gina shi a shekara ta 1753 bayan da suka dakile wani yunƙuri na Faransa na kafa sansanin soja a wuri guda. An kafa garuruwa biyu da suka gabata a wuri guda, ɗaya a cikin 1640 ta Dutch, wani a cikin 1674 (Fort Charles) ta Ingilishi. An yi watsi da Fort Charles a cikin 1730 kuma an lalata shi.[2]

Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ƙungiyoyin farko[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin 1640, Yaren mutanen Holland sun gina katako mai sauƙi na farko a cikin hanyar dutse nog da ɗakin bulo a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Kwamandan, Arent Jacobsz van der Graeff. A cikin 1653, 'yan Sweden sun kama masaukin. A cikin 1657, sojojin Danish sun karɓi masauki a ƙarƙashin Caerloff. A cikin shekara ta 1659 har izuwa shekara ta 1660, Yaren mutanen Holland sun sake kwace shi. Lokacin da yakin Anglo-Dutch na biyu ya ƙare a 1667 tare da (Yarjejeniyar Breda), Ingilishi ya sami gindin zama a Anomabo. A cikin 1672 ko 1673, Ingilishi ya fara gina Fort Charles, yana mai suna bayan Sarki Charles na II na Ingila, a wurin Fort William na yanzu. Wani tsohon sarkin Anomabo, wataƙila Eno ko Eno Besi, ya zauna a gidan Dutch a wannan lokacin kuma ya ayyana shi a matsayin fadarsa.[3] Ingilishi ya watsar da sansanin ba da daɗewa ba, don mai da hankali kan ƙoƙari da farashi akan Fort Carolusburg a Cape Coast.

Tushen "Percenters Goma"[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin 1698, Kamfanin Royal African "lasisi" ba shugabannin kawance ba a cikin aikin sa akan biyan kashi 10% "kuɗin haɗin gwiwa" don ba su damar yin kasuwanci a yankunan da ke da ikon mallakar mallaka. An yi ambaliyar fatauci na '' Kashi Goma '' a ƙauyukan Burtaniya, galibi sun fi yawan jiragen ruwan kamfanin. Anomabu ya zama mashahurin mashahurin "kashi goma" (har sai an dakatar da lasisinsu a 1712), yana fitar da adadi mai yawa na bayi.

A cikin 1717, babban darektan Dutch a Elmina, Engelgraaf Roberts, yana ambaton wani kyaftin na Ingilishi akan fitar da Anomabu bautar da bayi, ya ce: "Daga Janairu 1702 zuwa Agusta 1708 sun tafi Barbados da Jamaica [daga Anomabu] jimlar ba kasa da 30,141 ba. bayi kuma a cikin wannan adadi ba a haɗa ma'amaloli da aka yi don sauran jiragen ruwa da ke tafiya zuwa Tsibiran kamar Nevis, Montserrat, St. Christopher, na Kamfanin Tekun Kudancin, New Netherlands da sauransu waɗanda za su ƙara adadin da ke sama da yawa, kuma Annemaboe kadai zai iya bayar da kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku. "[4][5]

Fort William[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Fort William – 1890s

A shekara ta 1753, bayan ya dakile yunkurin faransa na kafa katafaren gida a Anomabu Birtaniya ta fara gina Fort William, wanda aka fi sani da Anomabu Castle, wanda injiniyan soja John Apperly ya tsara, wanda ya zama gwamna na farko.

Bayan mutuwar Apperly a shekara ta 1756, ɗan ƙasar Irish Richard Brew ya karɓi kujerar gwamnan sansanin kuma ya kammala gininsa a 1760.

Fort William ya zama cibiyar cinikin bayi na Burtaniya tare da tekun Gold Coast har sai an haramta cinikin bayi a cikin 1807.[6]

Anomabu sanannen wurin yawon buɗe ido ne. Har yanzu ana iya ganin ragowar abubuwan da aka adana na Fort William.[7]

Gallery[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Sanannun mazauna da Fursunoni[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Venture Smith
  • William Ansah Sessarakoo

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. Albert van Dantzig, Forts and Castles of Ghana, 1980
  2. Randy J. Sparks, Where the Negroes are Masters, 2014, p. 21
  3. Courtnay Micots, "African Coastal Elite Architecture: Cultural Authentication during the Colonial Period in Anomabo, Ghana" (PhD diss., University of Florida, 2010), 137, 390-393.
  4. Ghana tourism site Archived ga Maris, 12, 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  5. Phillip Briggs and Sean Connolly, Ghana, (Guilford, CT: Bradt Travel Guides, 2017[1998]), 190.
  6. St. Clair, William (2006). The Grand Slave Emporium: Cape Coast Castle and the British Slave Trade. Profile Books. "Chapter 7: The Fort," pp. 183–201. (Chapter on the Anomabu fort in a book about the nearby Cape Coast Castle.)
  7. "Ghana Slave Forts". Archived from the original on 2008-06-25. Retrieved 2021-08-04.