Françoise Gilot
Françoise Gaime Gilot (26 ga Nuwamba 1921 - 6 ga Yuni 2023) ƴar Faransa ce mai zane. Gilot sanannen mai zane ne a duniya wanda ke aiki da yawa a cikin watercolors da yumbu da kuma mai sayar da tarihin littafin Life with Picasso .
Ana nuna zane-zanen Gilot a cikin manyan gidajen tarihi sama da goma sha biyu ciki har da tarin dindindin na Gidan Tarihi na Metropolitan a New York da Cibiyar Pompidou a Paris. A cikin 2021 zanen ta Paloma à la Guitare, hoto na 1965 na 'yarta, an sayar da shi da dala miliyan 1.3 a Sotheby's a London.
Gilot ta fara yin alama a cikin yanayin bayan yakin na masu zane-zane waɗanda suka sake bayyana yanayin zane-zane na Turai; aikinta ya ci gaba da ɗaukar shekaru takwas masu ban sha'awa. Yin zurfi a cikin fannonin tatsuniyoyi, alama, da ikon ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, aikin Gilot yana bincika ra'ayoyin falsafa masu rikitarwa tare da kai tsaye da 'yanci.[1]
Gilot kuma an san ta da haɗin gwiwa tare da Pablo Picasso da kuma aurenta na baya ga Jonas Salk, mai bincike na Amurka wanda ya kirkiro allurar rigakafin cutar shan inna ta farko.
A cikin wata hira da ta yi tambaya game da yadda ta kasance tare da maza biyu mafi tasiri a duniya, Gilot ta amsa "Lions mate with lions. "
A yau, Gidan Tarihi na Berman a Kwalejin Ursinus a Collegeville, Pennsylvania cibiyar kasa da kasa ce don nazarin ayyukan Gilot. Baya ga tarihin kansa, gidan kayan gargajiya yana da ayyukan fasaha sama da 270 da mai zane ya yi, gami da tarin mafi girma na lithographs da etchings a waje da gidan mai zane.[2]
Rayuwa ta farko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Gilot a Neuilly-sur-Seine, Faransa, ga Émile Gilot da Madeleine Gilot (née Renoult). Mahaifinta dan kasuwa ne kuma masanin ilimin noma, kuma mahaifiyarta mai zane-zane ce. Mahaifinta mutum ne mai tsauri, mai ilimi sosai. Gilot ta fara rubutu da hannunta na hagu tun tana yarinya, amma tana da shekaru hudu, mahaifinta ya tilasta mata rubutu da hannenta na dama. A sakamakon haka, Gilot ya zama ambidextrous. Ta yanke shawarar zama mai zane tun tana 'yar shekara 5. A shekara mai zuwa, mahaifiyarta ta koya mata fasaha, ta fara da watercolors da tawada ta Indiya. Daga nan ne malamin fasaha na mahaifiyarta, Mademoiselle Meuge, ya koyar da Gilot na tsawon shekaru shida.[3] Yayinda take horo don zama lauya, an san Gilot da tsallake karatun shari'a na safe don nazarin fasaha tare da Monsieur Gerber, mai zane-zane mai ritaya da ke zaune a Paris. Gilot ta fara nuna zane-zane a birnin Paris a shekara ta 1943. [4]
Ilimi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Mahaifin Gilot Emile yana son 'yarsa ta kasance mai ilimi kamar shi, kuma a sakamakon haka, ya kula da ilimin' yarinsa sosai. An koyar da Gilot a gida, tun tana ƙarama, kuma a lokacin da take 'yar shekara shida, tana da kyakkyawar ilimin tatsuniyoyin Helenawa. Lokacin da take da shekaru goma sha huɗu, tana karatun littattafan Edgar Allan Poe, Charles Baudelaire, da Alfred Jarry. Duk da yake mahaifinta ya yi fatan za ta je makaranta don zama masanin kimiyya ko lauya, Gilot tana yawan zuwa gidajen tarihi a Turai don fahimtar da samun godiya ga masanan. A shekara ta 1939 ta halarci Cibiyar Burtaniya a Paris kuma ta sami takardar shaidar ƙwarewar Turanci da Jami'ar Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate ta bayar.[3] A cikin 1939, mahaifin Gilot har yanzu yana son ta kammala digiri a fannin shari'ar kasa da kasa, kuma saboda tsoron cewa za a jefa bam a birnin Paris a lokacin yakin, an tura Gilot zuwa Rennes, Faransa, don fara makarantar shari'a. A lokacin da take da shekaru 19, ta bar karatunta a fannin shari'a don ba da rayuwarta ga fasaha. Ta fara darussan sirri tare da mai zane-zane na Yahudawa na Hungary, Endre Rozsda, kuma ta halarci azuzuwan a Académie Julian . A shekara ta 1942, bayan ta watsar da doka sau da yawa, kuma ta dawo kan dagewar mahaifinta, Gilot ta yi karatun shari'a na shekara ta biyu kuma ta wuce jarrabawar rubuce-rubuce, amma ta kasa jarrabawar baki.[3]
Picasso
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A shekara ta 21, Gilot ya sadu da Pablo Picasso, sannan 61. Picasso ya fara ganin Gilot a cikin gidan cin abinci a cikin bazara na 1943, a lokacin da Jamus ta mamaye Faransa. Dora Maar, mai daukar hoto wanda ya kasance mawaki da ƙaunatacciyarsa a lokacin, ya yi baƙin ciki da sanin cewa Picasso yana maye gurbin ta da ƙaramin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo. Bayan ganawar Picasso da Gilot, ta koma tare da shi a 1946. Sun shafe kusan shekaru 10 tare, kuma waɗancan shekarun sun kewaye da fasaha. Picasso ya zana La femme-fleur, sannan tsohon abokinsa Henri Matisse, wanda yake son Gilot, ya sanar da cewa zai kirkiro hotonta, wanda jikinta zai zama shuɗi kuma gashin gashi kore.
He did not know me well at all. I am very secretive. I smile and I'm polite, but that doesn't mean that I am in agreement, or that I will do as I said I would do. It's just a screen. He thought I would react like all his other women. That was a completely wrong opinion. I had other ideas. I did not put my narcissism in being represented by him. I couldn't care less.[2]
A shekara ta 1964, shekaru 11 bayan rabuwa, Gilot ya rubuta Life with Picasso (tare da mai sukar fasaha Carlton Lake), littafi wanda ya sayar da fiye da miliyan daya a cikin harsuna da yawa, duk da ƙalubalen shari'a mara nasara daga Picasso yana ƙoƙarin dakatar da bugawa. Tun daga wannan lokacin, Picasso ya ki sake ganin Claude ko Paloma.[1][2] Dukkanin ribar da aka samu daga littafin an yi amfani da su don taimakawa Claude da Paloma su kafa shari'a don zama magadan Picasso
Ayyukan Gilot
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An gabatar da Gilot ga fasaha tun tana ƙarama daga mahaifiyarta da kakarta. Kakarta ta gudanar da wata liyafa lokacin da Françoise ke da kimanin shekaru biyar. Wani mutum ya kama idon Gilot a matsayin mai ban sha'awa, kuma ta tambayi kakarta ko wanene mutumin. Ya zama mai zane, Emile Mairet . [3] Mahaifin Gilot ya zama babban aboki tare da mai zane, kuma Françoise sau da yawa yakan bi don ziyartar ɗakinsa. A lokacin da take da shekaru shida, mahaifiyar Françoise ta fara koyar da fasaharta, ban da zane. Mahaifiyarta ta yi imanin cewa masu zane-zane sun dogara da erasers kuma a maimakon haka sun koyar da Françoise a cikin watercolor da tawada ta Indiya. Idan ta yi kuskure, dole ne ta yi da gangan ga aikinta. Lokacin da take da shekaru 13, ta fara karatu tare da Mlle. Meuge, wanda ya ci gaba da shekaru shida.[3] A lokacin da take da shekaru 14, an gabatar da ita ga yumbu kuma bayan shekara guda, ta yi karatu tare da mai zane-zane na Post-Impressionist Jacques Beurdeley . [5] A lokacin da take da shekaru 21, ta sadu da Picasso. Kodayake Picasso ta rinjayi aikin Gilot a matsayin mai zane-zane, ta haɓaka salon kanta. Ta guje wa gefuna masu kaifi da siffofin kusurwa waɗanda Picasso ke amfani da su a wasu lokuta. Maimakon haka, ta yi amfani da siffofi na kwayoyin halitta. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, mahaifin Gilot ya yi ƙoƙari ya ceci kayan gida mafi daraja ta hanyar motsa su, amma Nazis sun jefa bam a cikin motar, wanda ya haifar da asarar zane-zanen Gilot da watercolors.
MANAZARTA
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Transitions: Works by Francoise Gilot". Ursinus.edu. 2012.
- 1 2 "Françoise Gilot Collection". www.ursinus.edu (in Turanci). Retrieved 2025-02-14.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Françoise Gilot". francoisegilot.com. Archived from the original on 2 July 2014. Retrieved 28 November 2021. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Gilot" defined multiple times with different content. - ↑ "Françoise Gilot". Bauerart.com. Archived from the original on 13 January 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2014.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named "Gilot, Françoise 2000".