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Fuskar Mshatta

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Fuskar Mshatta
Fuskar Mshatta
Wuri
Ƴantacciyar ƙasaJamus
Seat of government (en) FassaraBerlin
Coordinates 52°31′15″N 13°23′47″E / 52.5208°N 13.3964°E / 52.5208; 13.3964
Map
History and use
Opening740s

Gidan Mshatta shine ɓangaren da aka yi wa ado na bangon gidan sarauta na Umayyad na ƙarni na 8 na Qasr Mshatta, ɗaya daga cikin Gidan Gida na Jordan, wanda yanzu an shigar da shi a kudancin reshen Gidan Tarihi na Pergamon a Berlin, Jamus. Yana daga cikin nune-nunen dindindin na Gidan Tarihi na Musulunci na Pergamon wanda aka sadaukar da shi ga Fasahar Musulunci daga ƙarni na 8 zuwa 19. Wannan karamin sashi ne kawai na cikakken tsawon bangon, kewaye da babban ƙofar; yawancin bangon ba a yi masa ado ba kuma ya kasance a wurin.

Bayani game da shi

Gidan ya kasance na gidan Qasr Mshatta ko fadar Mshatta, wanda aka tono kusan kilomita 30 a kudancin babban birnin Jordan na zamani na Amman. An yi tunanin cewa ya yi aiki a matsayin wurin zama na hunturu da dakunan ajiya a lokacin Umayyad. Ginin fadar mai yiwuwa ya kasance a zamanin Khalifa Al-Walid II (743-744). Bayan an kashe Al Walid, an bar shi ba cikakke ba kuma daga baya ya lalace a girgizar ƙasa. Sassan bangon waje da suka rage a wurin sun fi sauƙi. 

Abin mamaki ga ginin Umayyad, an gina manyan gine-ginen daga tubalin da aka ƙone wanda ke kwance a kan tushe na dutse mai kyau; bangon da aka sassaƙa shi ma a dutse ne. Sunan wurin, Mshatta, sunan ne da Bedouins na zamani ke amfani da shi a yankin, kuma sunan asali bai san shi ba.

An tono ragowar fadar a cikin 1840. Gidan ya kasance kyauta daga Sultan Abdul Hamid II na Ottoman ga Sarkin sarakuna Wilhelm II na Jamus. An kawo babban bangare zuwa gidan kayan gargajiya na Kaiser-Friedrich (yanzu Gidan kayan gargajiya na Bode) a Berlin a cikin 1903. An sake gina shi a matsayin tsayin mita 33, tsayin mita 5, tare da hasumiya biyu, da sassa na ƙofar tsakiya. A cikin 1932 an sake gina shi a Gidan Tarihi na Pergamon . Ya lalace sosai a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu da kuma bombardment na Berlin. A yau, yana daya daga cikin muhimman nune-nunen Museum für Islamische Kunst a cikin Gidan Tarihi na Pergamon, kuma babban abin tunawa na fasahar Islama da gine-gine na farko, yana nuna siffofin farko na arabesque, millefleur da kuma dabbobi da aka sassaƙa a cikin taimako.

An yi tattaunawa mai yawa game da gaskiyar cewa kayan ado a gefen hagu na bangon ya ƙunshi dabbobi da yawa daga cikin siffofin ganye, yayin da a hannun dama na ƙofar a tsakiya babu dabbobi. An ba da shawarar cewa wannan saboda gefen dama shine bangon waje na masallacin.

Bayani daga dama na tashar
Bayani tare da griffin da simurgh
Hagu na dama tare da siffar zaki
  1. Richard Ettinghausen, Oleg Grabar and Marilyn Jenkins-Madina, 2001, Islamic Art and Architecture: 650-1250, 50, Yale University Press, ISBN 0-300-08869-8