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Fuskokin 'Yanci

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Fuskokin 'Yanci

Nunin hotuna na "Fuskokin 'Yanci" tarin hotuna ne da ɗan jarida mai daukar hoto, Mai shirya fim-finai da kuma malami kare hakkin dan adam U. Roberto (Robin) Romano ya kama, yayin tafiyarsa zuwa Indiya, Nepal da Pakistan. Romano ya binciki amfani da aikin yara a cikin samar da takalma na hannu tare da hadin gwiwar kungiyoyi masu yawa na kasa da kasa, kamar Bankin Duniya, UNICEF, Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya da sauransu don rage yawan ma'aikatan yara a wannan masana'antar. An nuna nune-nunen a biranen Amurka da yawa tun lokacin da aka nuna shi na farko a cikin 2009. An haɗa fuskokin 'yanci a cikin ayyukan' yanci na CNN na Bautar zamani.

Ayyukan yara

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Don yaki da cin zarafin aikin yara, Bankin Duniya tare da UNICEF, Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya (ILO) da Fahimtar Ayyukan Yara don kawo wayar da kan jama'a game da matsalar. Bankin Duniya ya kiyasta cewa akwai yara miliyan 218 da ke fama da ayyukan aiki na yara marasa adalci. Shekaru na yara sun kasance daga shekaru biyar zuwa goma sha bakwai. Masana'antar katako da aka yi da hannu tana ɗaya daga cikin masana'antun da ke da hannu wajen amfani da aikin yara. Bankin Duniya yana aiki tare da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da wadanda ba na gwamnati ba (NGOs) a kokarin "yaƙi da aikin yara".[1]

Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya suna la'akari da cin zarafin yara, [2] [3] tare da Majalisar Dinkinobho ta bayyana, a cikin Mataki na 32 na Yarjejeniyar kan 'Yancin Yara cewa:

... Kasashe sun amince da haƙƙin yaro don a kare shi daga cin zarafin tattalin arziki da kuma yin duk wani aiki wanda zai iya zama haɗari ko ya tsoma baki cikin ilimin yaro, ko kuma ya zama mai cutarwa ga lafiyar yaro ko ci gaban jiki, tunani, ruhaniya, ɗabi'a ko zamantakewa. Kodayake a duniya akwai kimanin yara miliyan 250 da ke aiki.[3]

Dangane da ƙididdigar a cikin 1990 kusan kashi 18% na dukkan yara a Amurka suna aiki a kungiyoyi daban-daban. Kotun Koli ta haramta aikin yara a 1916 amma dokar ta zama bayyane a 1941. Ma'aikatar ma'aikata ba ta kula da aikin yara a Amurka don haka har yanzu yara suna aiki a cikin kungiyoyin. Shekarar yaran da ke aiki tsakanin shekaru 15 zuwa 17. Kusan yara miliyan 3.7 ne da ke aiki a masana'antu daban-daban. Akwai gaskiyar cewa fiye da yara 600 sun mutu a hatsarori masu alaƙa da aiki.

Nunin

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U. Roberto Romano, mai daukar hoto, mai shirya fina-finai kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam, ya yi tafiya zuwa Indiya, Nepal da Pakistan don yin rikodin matsalar ma'aikatan yara a masana'antar katako. Ya kuma tattara hotuna da labarun yara waɗanda kungiyar GoodWeave ta cece su, wanda a baya aka sani da Rugmark . [4][5]

Nunin Faces of Freedom tarin hotuna ne na U. Roberto Romano wanda ke ba da haske game da rayuwa, yanayin rayuwa mara kyau da fuskokin yara masu sa tufafi na Kudancin Asiya. Ana nuna saƙonnin bege a cikin hotuna da labarun yara waɗanda shirin GoodWeave ya taimaka musu don samun ilimin makaranta. Zaɓin katako da aka yi da hannu ba tare da aikin yara ba an kuma nuna shi[6]

Bayan nune-nunen farko a San Francisco, New York da Washington, DC, an nuna tarin a manyan birane a fadin Amurka tun daga shekara ta 2009.[1][7][8]

Kafofin yada labarai

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A ƙarshen shekara ta 2010, an nuna nune-nunen Faces of Freedom a gidan talabijin na ABC Good Morning America . A ranar 18 ga Afrilu, 2011, an rufe fuskokin 'yanci a cikin shirin CNN Freedom Project na Bautar zamani. Wannan yanki ya bayyana a shafin yanar gizon Archived 2016-06-08 at the Wayback Machine CNN An adana shi 2016-06-08 a tare da zane-zane na hotuna na GoodWeave's Faces of Freedom photo exhibition.

Ayyukan da suka danganci

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U. Roberto (Robin) Romano mai yin fim ne mai bincike, inda ya kasance darektan, darektan daukar hoto, har yanzu mai daukar hoto da / ko furodusa a cikin kokarin da ke biyowa: [6]

Girbi

Girbi wani fim ne game da rayuwar yara masu ƙaura da iyalansu a Amurka. Ya sake duba Edward R. Murrow's Harvest of Shame, wanda aka yi fim shekaru 40 da suka gabata, kuma ya nuna cewa kadan ya canza a cikin shekaru 4 da suka gabata a rayuwar ma'aikatan gona masu ƙaura a Amurka. An gaya wa girbi daga hangen nesa na yaro yayin da muka sadu da 4 daga cikin yara sama da 400,000 tsakanin shekaru 5 zuwa 16 waɗanda ke aiki a filaye da masana'antu don ciyar da mu, ba tare da kariya da Dokar Ka'idojin Aiki ta Fair da duk sauran yara na Amurka ke morewa ba.[9] A shekara ta 2009, Eva Longoria ta sanya hannu a matsayin Babban Mai gabatarwa na aikin.[10] An fara girbi ne a bikin IDFA a Amsterdam a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2010 kuma zai fara a Amurka a farkon shekara ta 2011.[11] [sabuntawa da buƙatu]

Yankin duhu na cakulan

Wani fim mai suna, The Dark Side of Chocolate yana bincika yara na Yammacin Afirka a cikin samar da koko. Shirin fim din 2010 The Dark Side of Chocolate ya yi zargin cewa Nestle ta sayi wake daga gonakin Ivory Coast da ke amfani da aikin bawa na yara. Yara yawanci suna da shekaru 12 zuwa 15, kuma wasu ana fataucin su daga ƙasashe da ke kusa. A watan Satumbar 2001, Bradley Alford, Shugaban da Shugaba na Nestlé USA ya sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Harkin-Engel (wanda ake kira Yarjejeniyar Cocoa), yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa da nufin kawo karshen aikin yara a cikin samar da koko.[12] Wani aikin hadin gwiwa na 'yan sanda na 2009 wanda Interpol da jami'an tsaro na Ivory Coast suka gudanar ya haifar da ceto yara 54 da kuma kama mutane takwas da ke da hannu a daukar yara ba bisa ka'ida ba.[13]

Filin haɗari

Fields in Peril wani rahoto ne mai shafi 99 na Human Rights Watch game da aikin yara a Amurka, mafi ƙarancin kariya shine yara da ke aiki a aikin gona. Dokokin aiki don masana'antar noma, kamar mafi ƙarancin shekaru, tsawon ranar aiki da kuma gudanar da yanayi mai haɗari, sun fi sauƙi fiye da waɗanda ke cikin kowane masana'antu.[14][15]

Yara a cikin Filin

Yara a cikin Filin a cikin wani shirin ilimi wanda aka samar a cikin 2008 ta hanyar Association of Farmworker Opportunity Programs game da yara masu ƙaura da ke aiki a filaye a Amurka. Ta hanyar yara, iyayensu da masana gajeren shirin ya binciki wasu dalilan da suka haifar da amfani da aikin yara a aikin gona na Amurka da kuma hanyoyin magance matsalar. An yi fim din ne a Minnesota, North Dakota, da Texas[16]

Yaran da aka sace

Wani fasalin fim game da cin zarafin yara na duniya wanda ya shafi kusan yara miliyan 250. Fim din, wanda 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Meryl Streep ta ba da labari, ya rufe abubuwan da suka shafi yara: yanayin aiki, bautar, da aiki mai haɗin kai. Labaran yara daga kasashe takwas, gami da Amurka, suna ba da labarin yara da aka fallasa ga magungunan kashe kwari, an ɗaure su a wuraren aikinsu, har ma an sace su kuma an tilasta su cikin bautar ko karuwanci. Baya ga samar da asali game da dalilin da ya sa wannan ke faruwa da kuma tasirin ga al'ummar duniya, yana kuma ba da bege ta hanyar labarun rayuwar yara an ceto da kuma waɗanne matakai za a iya ɗauka don yaki da aikin yara.[17]

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Faces of Freedom - Visions of Hope for Child Laborers". Topics, Children and Youth. The World Bank. 2009-12-16. Retrieved 2011-05-27.[dead link]
  2. ↑ "Worst Forms of Child Labor Recommendation, 1999". International Labour Organization. Retrieved 2006-10-05.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Convention on the Rights of the Child". United Nations. Archived from the original on 2006-10-03. Retrieved 2006-10-05.
  4. ↑ "Rugmark". Media Voices for Children. March 3, 2009. Retrieved 2011-05-27.
  5. ↑ "Faces of Freedom". Media Voices for Children. 2011. Retrieved 2011-05-27.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Photographic Documentaries, U. Roberto (Robin) Romano". Center of Excellence for Health Professions Development. South Texas College. Archived from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2011-05-27.
  7. ↑ Kate Weber, UNICEF (2011). "Faces of Freedom photo exhibit". Field Notes. United States Fund for UNICEF. Archived from the original on 2012-03-24. Retrieved 2011-05-27.
  8. ↑ "Past Events". Faces of Freedom. GoodWeave. Archived from the original on 2011-05-11. Retrieved 2011-05-27.
  9. ↑ "The Harvest/La Cosecha, The Story of the Children Who Feed America". Shine Global. 2010. Archived from the original on 2012-12-28. Retrieved 2011-05-27.
  10. ↑ Tanklefsky, D (Mar 13, 2009). "Eva Longoria Parker to Executive Produce Child Farm Worker Documentary". Bay Media, LLC. Retrieved 2011-05-27.
  11. ↑ "The Harvest". IDFA 2010. IDFA. Archived from the original on 2010-11-26. Retrieved 2011-05-27.
  12. ↑ "Protocol for the growing and processing of cocoa beans and their derivative products in a manner that complies with ILO Convention 182 concerning the prohibition and immediate action for the elimination of the worst forms of child labor" (PDF). International Cocoa Initiative. 2001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 July 2008. Retrieved 25 April 2012.
  13. ↑ "Scores of children rescued from organized slave labour in INTERPOL-led operation conducted by Côte d'Ivoire police". INTERPOL. 3 Aug 2009. Archived from the original on 9 August 2009. Retrieved 28 Apr 2011.
  14. ↑ "Fields of Peril". Publications. Human Rights Watch. 2010. Retrieved 2011-05-27.
  15. ↑ Romano, U. R. (2010). "Fingers to the Bone: Child Farmworkers in the US, May 3, 2010". Multimedia. Human Rights Watch. Retrieved 2011-05-27.
  16. ↑ "Children in the Fields". media voices for children. 2011. Retrieved 2011-05-27.
  17. ↑ Chris Mara (May 3, 2005). "Stolen Childhoods". Full Synopsis. Stolen Childhoods. Archived from the original on 2012-03-09. Retrieved 2011-05-27.
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