GUM (gidan ajiya)

GUM
Bayanai
Iri	Babban kantin sayar da kayayyaki, public company (en) da architectural landmark (en)
Ƙasa	Rasha
Aiki
Ma'aikata	1,000
Mulki
Hedkwata	Moscow
Stock exchange (en)	Moscow Exchange (en)
Tarihi
Ƙirƙira	1893
gum.ru

GUM na gaba yana fuskantar Red Square

Bayyanar saman rufin GUM

Rukunin Kasuwanci na Sama da dare

GUM (Russian) cibiyar cin kasuwa ce a Moscow, Rasha . Har ila yau, ita ce babban kantin sayar da kayayyaki a birane da yawa na tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet; irin waɗannan shagunan suna aiki a wasu Jamhuriyoyin Soviet da kuma jihohin da suka gabata.

The most famous GUM is the large store facing Red Square in the Kitai-gorod area – itself traditionally a mall of Moscow. Originally,and today again, the building functions as a shopping mall. During most of the Soviet period it was essentially a department store as there was one vendor: the Soviet State. Before the 1920s the location was known as the Upper Trading Rows (Russian: Верхние торговые ряды, romanized: Verhnije torgovyje rjady).

Ya zuwa 2021, GUM tana ɗauke da samfuran daban-daban sama da 100, kuma tana da cafes da gidajen cin abinci a cikin mall.

GUM na Moscow

Zane da tsari

Tsarin rufin Shukhov

Tare da bangon da ya kai 794 feet (242 m) tare da gefen gabas na Red Square, Alexander Pomerantsev (mai kula da gine-gine) da Vladimir Shukhov (mai kula le aikin injiniya) sun gina Upper Trading Rows tsakanin 1890 da 1893. Ginin trapezoidal yana da haɗuwa da abubuwa na gine-ginen zamani na Rasha da tsarin karfe da rufin gilashi, irin Landan salon ga manyan tashoshin jirgin kasa na karni na 19 na London. William Craft Brumfield ya bayyana ginin GUM a matsayin "kyauta ga ƙirar Shukhov da ƙwarewar fasaha na gine-ginen Rasha zuwa ƙarshen karni na 19".

Tsarin rufin gilashi ya sanya ginin yazamo na musamman a lokacin ginin. Rufin, wanda diamita shine 46 feet (14 m) , yana da haske, amma gini ne mai ƙarfi wanda aka yi da fiye da 50,000 na ƙarfe (kimanin 819 short tons (743 t) t (819 gajeren tan)), wanda zai iya tallafawa tarin dusar ƙanƙara. Ana ba da hasken wuta ta manyan fitilu na ƙarfe da gilashi, kowannensu yana da nauyin kimanin 820 short tons (740 t) t (820 gajeren tan) kuma yana dauke da fiye da 20,000 na gilashi. An raba bangon zuwa matakai da yawa a kwance, an haɗa su da jan dutse na Finnish, marmara na Tarusa, da dutse mai laushi. Kowane filin wasa yana kan matakai uku, wanda ke da alaƙa da hanyoyin tafiya na ƙarfe mai ƙarfi.