Gasar Italiya
Italiote League of city-states an Akaya ta ne a cikin kimanin 430 BC ta yankuna da yawa na Girka Achaean a kudancin Italiya.
Wannan yankin na Italiotes (masu magana da Girkanci na Italiya) wani ɓangare ne na abin da daga baya Romawa suka kira Magna Graecia.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An kafa shi ne mai yiwuwa don kare biranen daga hare-haren Lucanians, sabon abokin gaba mai ban tsoro wanda ya ci sojojin Thurii a cikin 390 BC.[1] Ya ƙunshi aƙalla Kroton, Kaulon, Thurii, Metapontum, Elea, Hipponion, Rhegion, Poseidonia, Taras da Heraclea.
Polybius da Diodorus kowannensu ya bayyana ƙungiyar biranen Italiote a ƙarni na 5 da 4 BC, kuma yawanci ana yarda da su cewa suna bayyana wannan ƙungiyar. Koyaya, yana iya zama cewa ƙungiyoyi biyu daban-daban sun wanzu, kuma ƙungiyar Polybius, wadda jihohin Achaean guda uku suka kafa a cikin 430 BC, an kafa ta ne don magance maƙwabtansu masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na Italiote (Thurii da Locri), waɗanda manyan masu iko suka goyi bayan su. Diodorus na iya bayyana wata ƙungiya, ko kuma sake tsarawa, wanda aka kafa a cikin 393 BC ta babbar ƙungiyar jihohin Italiote, don magance saiti daban-daban na abokan gaba, musamman Dionysius I na Syracuse da Lucanians ke tallafawa.
Kroton shine shugaban farko na ƙungiyar daga kimanin 430 BC, kamar yadda aka nuna ta hanyar tsabar kudi. Taras ya karɓi iko da League bayan Dionysius I ya kama Kroton a cikin 379 BC, wanda ya riƙe fiye da ƙarni ɗaya.[1] An sake komawa bikin league zuwa Heraclea, mulkin mallaka na Tarantine.
Dionysius na ci kudancin Italiya (Magna Graecia), ya murkushe Italiote League a Yaƙin Elleporus a cikin 389 BC, kuma ya lalata Rhegium bayan Siege na Rhegium a cikin 387 BC.[2] Koyaya, Italiote League ta ci gaba da wanzuwa har zuwa akalla Pyrrhic War a cikin 278 BC.