Gidan Psychro

 

Gidan Psychro
General information
Height above mean sea level (en)	1,025 m
Labarin ƙasa
Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa	35°09′46″N 25°26′42″E
Bangare na	Greek mythology (en)
Wuri	Psychro (en)
Kasa	Greek
Territory	Orοpedio Lasithi Municipality (en)
Ƙasantuwa a yanayin ƙasa	Crete

Psychro Cave ( Greek ) wani tsohon kogo ne mai tsarki na Minoan a cikin tudun Lasithi a gundumar Lasithi a gabashin Crete. Psychro yana da alaƙa da Dictaean ko Diktaian Cave ( Greek: Diktaion Antron ), ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da aka haihu na Zeus. Sauran almara sun sanya wurin haifuwar Zeus a matsayin kogon Idaean (Ἰδαῖον Ἄντρον) akan Dutsen Ida. A cewar Hesiod, Theogony ( 477-484 ), Rhea ta haifi Zeus a Lyctus kuma ta ɓoye shi a cikin kogon Dutsen Aegaeon. Tun daga ƙarshen karni na sha tara an gano kogon da ke sama da ƙauyen zamani na Psychro tare da Kogon Diktaean, ko da yake akwai wasu 'yan takara, musamman wani kogon da ke sama da Palaikastro a kan Dutsen Petsofas.

Geography

Kogon yana cikin lardin Lasithi . A zamanin Minoan, garin Malia shine cibiyar birni mafi kusa.

Labari

Laius da abokansa 3 a cikin kogon Dictaean

Kogon Dictaean ya shahara a tarihin Girkanci a matsayin wurin da Amalthea, ta renon jariri Zeus da madarar akuya. Ilimin kayan tarihi ya tabbatar da dadewa ana amfani da wurin a matsayin wurin bauta. Ma'aikaciyar jinya na Zeus, wanda Rhea ta tuhume shi don ya tayar da jariri Zeus a asirce a nan, don kare shi daga mahaifinsa Cronus (Krónos) kuma ana kiransa nymph Adrasteia a wasu wurare. Yana ɗaya daga cikin kogwanni da yawa da aka yi imanin cewa sune wurin haifuwa ko wurin ɓoye na Zeus. Duwatsun da kogon yake a cikin Crete ana kiransa Dikte.

Archaeology

An fara hako kogon a cikin 1886 ta Joseph Hatzidakis, Shugaban Sylogos a Candia, da F. Halbherr . A cikin 1896, Sir Arthur Evans ya bincika shafin.

A cikin 1898 Pierre Demargne ya gudanar da taƙaitaccen bincike, ya biyo bayan David George Hogarth na Makarantar Burtaniya a Athens a cikin 1900 wanda ya aiwatar da ayyuka da yawa. Rahotanni na Hogarth da aka buga a cikin 1900 sun ba da hoto na lalatar da aka yi ta hanyar hanyoyin ilimin archaeological na farko: manyan tubalan da suka faɗo daga rufin kogon na sama sun yi fashewa kafin a cire su; A baya dai an yi awon gaba da arzikin bakar fata. An gano bagadin stuccoed a cikin kogon na sama a cikin 1900, kewaye da toka, tukwane da "sauran sharar", daga cikinsu akwai abubuwa masu jefa ƙuri'a a cikin tagulla, terracotta, baƙin ƙarfe da ƙashi, tare da gutsuttsuran teburan libation talatin da kofuna na yumbu marasa iyaka don hadayun abinci. Kasusuwa daga cikin toka sun tabbatar da hadayar bijimai, tumaki da awaki, barewa da boar.

Mafi ƙasƙanci mafi ƙasƙanci na kogon kogon yana wakiltar canji tsakanin Late Minoan Kamares ware zuwa farkon matakan Mycenaean ; Abubuwan da aka samo suna wakiltar Salon Geometric na ƙarni na tara KZ, amma kaɗan bayan haka. Binciken da aka yi a baya-bayan nan ya nuna yadda aka yi amfani da kogon da aka kai tun farkon lokacin Minoan, kuma abubuwa masu jefa ƙuri'a sun tabbatar da cewa kogon ya kasance wurin ibada da aka fi yawaita a zamanin Minoan na Tsakiya (MM IIIA).

Wurin ruwa

Ƙarƙashin ƙanƙara yana faɗo sosai tare da burbushin matakan da aka yanke dutsen zuwa tafkin, wanda daga ciki stalactites ke tashi. Hogarth ya ruwaito cewa "An jefar da ƙasa da yawa ta hanyar haƙa na Upper Grotto," kuma an sami wannan cike da ƙananan abubuwa na tagulla. A cikin madaidaiciyar chinks na stalactites mafi ƙasƙanci, ƙungiyar Hogarth ta sami "wasan wasa biyu-gatari, wuka-wuka, allura, da sauran abubuwa a cikin tagulla, waɗanda masu sadaukarwa suka sanya su a can, kamar a cikin niches. Laka a gefen tafkin karkashin kasa kuma yana da wadata a cikin abubuwa iri ɗaya kuma a cikin siffofi na nau'i biyu, maza da mata da zane-zane ."

A shekara ta 1961, masanin tarihi da kuma masanin ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi John Boardman ya buga abubuwan da aka gano da waɗannan da sauran abubuwan tona asirin.

Duk da yake ana samun siffofi na ɗan adam na yumbu a wurare mafi girma, Psychro da Wuri Mai Tsarki a kan Dutsen Ida sun fito ne a matsayin kawai tsattsarkan koguna waɗanda suka ba da siffofi na mutum. Har ila yau, Psychro wani kogo ne na alfarma na musamman na ƙafar tagulla, wanda kuma aka sani da sashin jiki na votive, wanda shine kawai ɓangaren jikin mai zaɓe da aka samu a cikin kogo mai tsarki. Mafi na kowa tsattsarkan kogon da ake samu a Psychro sun haɗa da dutse da fitulun yumbu.

Psychro ya samar da adadin da ba a sani ba na duwatsu masu daraja, ciki har da carnelian, steatite, amethyst, jasper da hematite .

A yanzu ana nuna kayan tarihi na Psychro a gidan tarihi na Heraklion, da gidan kayan tarihi na Ashmolean a Oxford, da Louvre da kuma gidan tarihi na Biritaniya .

Idaean Cave

Idaean Cave

Idaean Cave (Girkanci) tsarin koguna ne da ke kan gangaren Dutsen Ida a tsibirin Krita (35°12′30′′N 24°49′44′′E / 35.2082°N 24.8290°E / 35.-2082; 24.8290 (Idaean Cave)). Babban kogon yana da ƙofar guda ɗaya kuma yana da siffofi na stalagmites da stalactites.

A zamanin da, wurin bauta ne domin an yi imani cewa shi ne kogon da titan Rhea ya ɓoye jaririn Zeus, don ya kare shi daga mahaifinsa Cronus, wanda ya yi niyyar hadiye shi kamar sauran zuriyarsa. Yana ɗaya daga cikin adadin kogwanni da aka yi imanin cewa sune wurin haifuwa ko wurin ɓoye na Zeus. A cewar wani bambance-bambancen wannan almara, Kouretes, ƙungiyar mayaƙan tatsuniyoyi, sun ɗauki nauyin rawan daji, raye-rayen yaƙi a gaban kogon, ta yadda yunƙurin zai hana Cronus jin kukan jariri.

Abubuwan da aka tona sun nuna ɗimbin ɗimbin sadaukarwar bautar zaɓe a wurin.