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Gidan gwaje-gwaji na Open Air

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Gidan gwaje-gwaji na Open Air
citizen science project (en) Fassara
Bayanai
Ƙasa Birtaniya
Shafin yanar gizo opalexplorenature.org

Cibiyar Buɗaɗɗen Dakunan gwaje-gwaje (OPAL) wani shiri ne na kimiyya na 'yan ƙasa a faɗin Burtaniya wanda ke da nufin sa jama'a su ƙara shiga cikin yanayi ta hanyar ayyuka daban-daban na gida da na ƙasa. [1] Manufarta ita ce ta sa jama'a su ƙara sha'awar kimiyya ta hanyar ba su damar yin rikodin bayanai ga masana kimiyya a fannoni da yawa na kimiyyar muhalli, sannan su ga fassarar waɗannan bayanan.

Ƙungiyar haɗin gwiwa ce, wacce Kwalejin Imperial ta Landan ke jagoranta, kuma ta haɗa da manyan gidajen tarihi, jami'o'i, ƙungiyoyin muhalli, da hukumomin gwamnati a faɗin Burtaniya.

Ta haɓaka ayyuka da albarkatu, gami da binciken yanayi guda bakwai na ƙasa, waɗanda ke ba mutane damar kusanci muhallinsu yayin tattara muhimman bayanai na kimiyya. Haka kuma tana shiryawa da shiga cikin abubuwan da suka faru na yanayi da bita a faɗin ƙasar. Makarantu da sauran ƙungiyoyi sun shiga ciki har da daidaikun mutane.

Asusun Babban Lottery ne ke ba da kuɗaɗen sa, kuma an fara shi a shekarar 2007, yana aiki a faɗin Ingila. An mai da hankali kan shigar da mutane da al'ummomi marasa galihu cikin lamarin. An sanya masana kimiyyar al'umma don sauƙaƙe binciken. Tun daga watan Janairun 2014, ya fara faɗaɗawa zuwa Scotland, Wales da Arewacin Ireland saboda ƙarin tallafi.

Binciken ƙasa da tsutsotsi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An ƙaddamar da binciken ƙasa da tsutsotsi na OPAL a watan Maris na 2009 ta Cibiyar Ƙasa ta OPAL da ke Kwalejin Imperial ta Landan, tare da goyon bayan wasu shahararrun mutane ciki har da Steve Leonard da Chris Packham . Binciken yana da nufin ƙarin koyo game da yaduwar ƙasa da tsutsotsi a Ingila da kuma tasirin da mutane ke yi wa ingancin ƙasa . Ana buƙatar jama'a su ɗora sakamakon bincikensu kai tsaye a gidan yanar gizon OPAL, sannan Imperial College London, wacce ita ma ke shirya binciken, za ta yi nazarin sakamakon.

Binciken sararin samaniya

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An ƙaddamar da binciken iska na OPAL a watan Satumba na 2009 kuma Kwalejin Imperial ta Landan ce ta shirya shi. Binciken ya nemi mutane su nemi ciyayi a kan bishiyoyi da kuma naman gwari a kan ganyen sycamore sannan su rubuta sakamakonsu a yanar gizo. Binciken yana taimaka wa masana kimiyya su ƙara koyo game da tasirin gurɓatar iska, kuma ƙungiyoyi da dama ciki har da British Lichen Society suna samun goyon baya.

Binciken ruwa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An ƙaddamar da binciken ruwa na OPAL a watan Mayu na 2010 kuma Jami'ar Kwalejin London (UCL) ce ke shirya shi. Binciken ya nemi mutane su yi nutso a cikin tafkin su gano ƙwayoyin halitta marasa ƙashi da ke zaune a cikin tafkin ko tafkin da ke yankinsu. Ta amfani da wannan bayanin, za su iya gano yadda ruwan yake da gurɓatawa, domin wasu halittu sun fi jure wa gurɓatawa fiye da wasu. Ana tattara sakamakon a yanar gizo kuma zai taimaka wa masana kimiyya su ƙara koyo game da tafkuna da tafkuna a faɗin Ingila.

Binciken bambancin halittu

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An ƙaddamar da binciken bambancin halittu na OPAL a watan Satumba na 2010, wanda Jami'ar Buɗe (OU) ta tsara. Binciken ya nemi jama'a su binciki shingen su su nemi marasa ƙashi da sauran alamun namun daji. Shinge suna da matuƙar muhimmanci ga halittu da yawa kuma binciken yana da nufin wayar da kan jama'a da kuma ƙarin koyo game da rayuwa a cikin shinge a faɗin ƙasar.

Binciken yanayi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An ƙaddamar da binciken yanayi na OPAL a watan Maris na 2011, wanda Ofishin Met ya tsara. Ya nemi mutane su nemi abubuwan da ba su dace ba a sararin samaniya, su kimanta jin daɗin zafinsu, sannan su auna iska ta amfani da kumfa. Sakamakon yana taimaka wa masana kimiyya su ƙara koyo game da hanyoyin da muke shafar yanayinmu, da kuma yadda za mu iya daidaitawa da shi. Sakamakon da aka gabatar don wannan binciken ya ƙare a ranar 31 ga Maris, 2014.

Ƙidayar Ƙwayoyi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An ƙaddamar da binciken Bugs Count a watan Yunin 2011 kuma Gidan Tarihi na Halitta ne ya jagorance shi. Yana da nufin tattara bayanai kan kwari da sauran halittu marasa kashin baya da ke kewaye da mu ta hanyar roƙon jama'a da su ƙidaya halittu marasa kashin baya a cikin ƙalubalen da aka tsara lokaci kuma su kula da takamaiman kwari shida a cikin Binciken Nau'in.

Gidan Tarihin Halitta ya kuma ƙirƙiro manhajar Bugs Count kyauta don iPhone da Android.

Binciken lafiyar bishiyoyi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An ƙaddamar da binciken lafiyar bishiyoyin OPAL a watan Mayun 2013 tare da haɗin gwiwar Binciken Daji da Hukumar Bincike Kan Abinci da Muhalli (FERA). Manufarta ita ce gina hoton lafiyar bishiyoyi a faɗin ƙasar ta hanyar roƙon jama'a da su rubuta bayanai game da girman da yanayin bishiyarsu yayin da kuma neman alamun kwari da cututtuka. Wannan ya haɗa da kwari da cututtuka guda shida masu tsanani, waɗanda aka fi sani da Mafi Yawan Wanda Ba a So ba, waɗanda ba a kafa su a Burtaniya ba tukuna kuma suna iya haifar da mummunar illa ga yawan bishiyoyin.

An kuma fadada wannan binciken zuwa Wales da Scotland tare da haɗin gwiwar Albarkatun Ƙasa na Wales da Gwamnatin Scotland .

Hukumar Abinci da Muhalli ta kuma ƙirƙiro manhajar binciken lafiyar bishiyoyi kyauta don iPhone da Android.

Rahoton Muhalli na Al'umma

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A watan Janairun 2013, OPAL ta buga Rahoton Muhalli na Al'umma, inda ta taƙaita binciken shekaru biyar na farko na aikin da kuma gudummawar da ya bayar ga kimiyyar ɗan adam .

Rahoton ya nuna cewa sama da mutane rabin miliyan a faɗin Ingila sun shiga cikin ayyukan OPAL, waɗanda da yawa daga cikinsu suna gudanar da binciken yanayi a karon farko. Bayanan da suka bayar sun kuma bai wa masana kimiyya bayanai game da wuraren da ba a taɓa yin samfurinsu ba a da kuma waɗanda ba a yi nazari a kansu ba.

Faɗaɗa a faɗin Burtaniya

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A watan Agusta na 2013, Asusun Babban Lottery ya tabbatar da ƙarin tallafin kuɗi ga OPAL wanda ya ba shi damar faɗaɗa zuwa Scotland, Wales da Arewacin Ireland tare da sabuwar ƙungiyar abokan hulɗa tsakanin 2014 da 2016.

  1. Slawson, DD; Moffat, AJ (2020). "How Effective Are Citizen Scientists at Contributing to Government Tree Health Public Engagement and Surveillance Needs—An Analysis of the UK Open Air Laboratories (OPAL) Survey Model". Insects (in Turanci). 11 (9): 550. doi:10.3390/insects11090550. ISSN 2075-4450. PMC 7563208. PMID 32825130.