Gidan kayan tarihi na Biritaniya
| Gidan kayan tarihi na Biritaniya | |
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| Wuri | |
| Ƴantacciyar ƙasa | Birtaniya |
Constituent country of the United Kingdom (en)  | Ingila |
| Region of England (en) | London (en) |
| Ceremonial county of England (en) | Greater London (en) |
| London borough (en) | London Borough of Camden (en) |
| Coordinates | 51°31′10″N 0°07′37″W / 51.5194°N 0.1269°W |
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| History and use | |
| Claim for restitution of an artwork | 2006 |
| Ƙaddamarwa | 1759 |
| Shugaba |
Hartwig Fischer (en) Neil MacGregor (en) Suzanna Taverne (en) Gowin Knight (en) Matthew Maty (en) Charles Morton (en) Joseph Planta (en) Henry Ellis (en) Anthony Panizzi (en) John Winter Jones (en) Edward Augustus Bond (en) Edward Maunde Thompson (mul) Frederic G. Kenyon (en) George Francis Hill (mul) John Forsdyke (en) T. D. Kendrick (en) Frank Francis (en) John Wolfenden, Baron Wolfenden (en) Basil Gray (en) John Pope-Hennessy (en) David M. Wilson (en) Robert G. W. Anderson (en) |
| Karatun Gine-gine | |
| Zanen gini |
Robert Smirke (en) |
| Facilities |
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| Heritage | |
| NHLE | 1130404 |
| Collection size |
8,000,000 item (en) |
| Open days (en) |
all days of the week (en) Closed: December 24 (en) , December 25 (en) , December 26 (en) , January 1 (en) |
| Visitors per year (en) | 6,701,036 |
| Contact | |
| Address | Great Russell St, Bloomsbury, London WC1B 3DG, UK |
| Waya | tel:+44 (0)20 7323 8000 |
| Offical website | |
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Gidan kayan tarihi na Biritaniya gidan tarihi ne na jama'a wanda aka keɓe don tarihin ɗan adam, fasaha da al'adun da ke cikin yankin Bloomsbury na London. Tarin dindindin na ayyukan miliyan takwas shine mafi girma a duniya. [1] Yana tattara tarihin al'adun ɗan adam tun daga farkonsa har zuwa yau. An kafa shi a cikin shekarar 1753, Gidan kayan Tarihi na Biritaniya shine gidan kayan gargajiya na farko na jama'a na ƙasa. [2] A cikin shekarar 2023, gidan kayan gargajiya ya karɓi baƙi 5,820,860, 42% fiye da na bara. Aƙalla ƙungiya ɗaya ta ƙididdige ta mafi shaharar jan hankali a Burtaniya.
A farkonsa, gidan kayan gargajiya ya dogara ne akan tarin likitan Anglo-Irish da masanin kimiyya Sir Hans Sloane. [3] Ya buɗe wa jama'a a cikin shekarar 1759, a cikin Gidan Montagu, akan wurin ginin na yanzu. Faɗaɗa gidan kayan gargajiya a cikin shekaru 250 da suka biyo baya ya samo asali ne daga mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya kuma ya haifar da ƙirƙirar cibiyoyin reshe da yawa, ko kuma masu zaman kansu, na farko shine Gidan Tarihi na Tarihi a shekarar 1881. Wasu daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi sani da su, irin su Girkanci Elgin Marbles da Dutsen Rosetta na Masar, suna fuskantar takaddama na dogon lokaci da da'awar komawa gida. [4]
A cikin shekarar 1973, Dokar Laburare ta Biritaniya ta 1972 [5] ta ware sashen ɗakin karatu daga Gidan Tarihi na Biritaniya, amma ta ci gaba da karɓar bakuncin ɗakin karatu na Biritaniya wanda yanzu ya rabu a ɗakin Karatu ɗaya da ginin gidan kayan gargajiya har zuwa shekara ta 1997. Gidan kayan gargajiya ƙungiya ce ta jama'a da ba na sashe ba wanda Sashen Al'adu, Watsa Labarai da Wasanni ke ɗaukar nauyinsa. Kamar duk gidajen tarihi na Burtaniya, ba ta cajin kuɗin shiga sai dai nunin lamuni. [6]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Sir Hans Sloane
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Kodayake a yau galibi gidan kayan gargajiya ne na kayan fasaha na al'adu da kayan tarihi, an kafa gidan kayan gargajiya na Burtaniya a matsayin "gidan kayan gargajiya na duniya". Tushenta ya kasance a cikin nufin likita Anglo-Irish kuma masanin halitta Sir Hans Sloane (1660-1753), likita da masanin kimiyya na London daga Ulster. A lokacin rayuwarsa, kuma musamman bayan ya auri gwauruwar wani manomi mai arziki na Jamaica, [7] Sloane ya tattara babban tarin abubuwan ban sha'awa, kuma ba ya son ganin tarin sa ya fashe bayan mutuwarsa, ya ba da shi ga Sarki George II, ga al'ummar, don adadin £ 20,000 (daidai da £ 3,846,793 a 2023) don a biya wa magada shi ta Majalisar [8] - da gangan ƙasa da ƙididdigar ƙimar kayan tarihi, a yanzu an kiyasta a £ 50,000 (da £ 386,33) ,39, da wasu[9][10]
A wancan lokacin, tarin Sloane ya ƙunshi abubuwa kusan 71,000 na kowane nau'i [11] ciki har da wasu littattafai 40,000 da aka buga, rubuce-rubucen 7,000, samfurori masu yawa na tarihin halitta ciki har da 337 na busassun shuke-shuke, kwafi da zane-zane ciki har da waɗanda Albrecht Dürer ya yi da kuma zane-zane daga Albrecht Dürer da kuma tsohuwar Sudan, Masar da Gabas ta Gabas da kuma tsohuwar Sudan Amurka.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ van Riel, Cees (30 October 2017). "Ranking The World's Most Admired Art Museums, And What Big Business Can Learn From Them". Forbes. Archived from the original on 18 May 2023. Retrieved 18 May 2023.
- ↑ "History of the British Museum". The British Museum. Archived from the original on 9 October 2016. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
- ↑ "The Life and Curiosity of Hans Sloane". The British Library. Archived from the original on 19 November 2018. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
- ↑ "The Big Question: What is the Rosetta Stone, and should Britain return". The Independent. 9 December 2009. Archived from the original on 11 March 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- ↑ "British Library Act 1972". legislation.gov.uk. 1972. Archived from the original on 8 August 2022. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
- ↑ "Admission and opening times". British Museum. 14 June 2010. Archived from the original on 8 July 2016. Retrieved 4 July 2010.
- ↑ "BBC – History – British History in depth: Slavery and the Building of Britain". www.bbc.co.uk. Archived from the original on 5 December 2019. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
- ↑ "Creating a Great Museum: Early Collectors and The British Museum". Fathom. Archived from the original on 2 January 2010. Retrieved 4 July 2010.
- ↑ "Introducing Sir Hans Sloane – the Sloane Letters Project".
- ↑ "Sir Hans Sloane's Will of 1739 – The Sloane Letters Project". sloaneletters.com.
- ↑ "General history". British Museum. 14 June 2010. Archived from the original on 12 April 2012. Retrieved 4 July 2010.