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Gidan tarihin misra

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Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.

Gidan kayan tarihi ne na kayan tarihi na Masar, wanda aka fi sani da Gidan Tarihi na Masar (Larabci: المتحف المصري, romanized: al-Matḥaf al-Miṣrī, Larabci na Masar: el-Matḥaf el-Maṣri [elˈmætħæf elˈmɑsˤɾi]) (wanda kuma ake kira a cikin babban gidan tarihi na Alkahira, gidan tarihi na Masar) wanda yake a Alkahira. duniya.[1]to Yana ɗaukar abubuwa sama da 120,000, tare da adadin wakilai akan nuni. Da yake a dandalin Tahrir a wani gini da aka gina a shekarar 1901, shi ne gidan tarihi mafi girma a Afirka. Daga cikin fitattun kayanta akwai dukiyar Fir'auna Tutankhamun, ciki har da abin rufe fuska na zinare, wanda aka fi sani da shi a matsayin sananniyar ayyukan fasaha a duniya kuma fitacciyar alama ce ta tsohuwar Masar[2]

Tarihi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Duban iska 1904 daga balloon inda gidan kayan tarihi na Masar ya bayyana a gefen dama.[3] ,,[4] [5] [6] Gidan kayan tarihi na Masar a cikin 1950s Gidan kayan tarihi na Masarautar Masarautar Masarautar Masarautar ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa masu mahimmanci na tsohuwar tarihin Masar. Tana da tarin tarin kayan tarihi na Fir'auna mafi girma a duniya. Gwamnatin Masar ta kafa gidan kayan gargajiya da aka gina a shekara ta 1835 kusa da Lambun Ezbekie kuma daga baya ta koma Babban Kauye na Alkahira. A shekara ta 1855, gwamnatin Masar ta ba Archduke Maximilian na Ostiriya dukkan kayayyakin tarihi; Wadannan yanzu suna cikin Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna.

An kafa sabon gidan kayan gargajiya a Boulaq a cikin 1858 a cikin wani tsohon ma'ajiyar kayayyaki, biyo bayan kafuwar sabon Sashen Antiquities karkashin jagorancin Auguste Mariette. Ginin ya kwanta a bakin kogin Nilu, kuma a shekara ta 1878 ya samu babbar barna sakamakon ambaliyar kogin Nilu. A cikin 1891, an kwashe tarin abubuwan zuwa wani tsohon gidan sarauta, a gundumar Giza na Alkahira.[7] kasance a can har zuwa 1902 lokacin da aka sake mayar da su zuwa gidan kayan gargajiya na yanzu a dandalin Tahrir, wanda kamfanin Italiya na Giuseppe Garozzo da Francesco Zaffrani suka gina don zane na Faransanci Marcel Dourgnon. [8] Babban ɓangaren lambun gidan kayan gargajiya wanda ya shimfiɗa har zuwa lokacin da aka ɗauke kogin Nilu a cikin 1954 don gina ginin gundumar Alkahira.[9]

A cikin 2004, gidan kayan gargajiya ya nada Wafaa El Saddik a matsayin mace ta farko da ta zama darakta janar.[10][11] GidanGidan kayan tarihi na Masar na yanzu== Masanin gine-ginen gidan kayan gargajiya Marcel Dournon na Faransa ne ya kirkiro shi a shekara ta 1897, wanda zai kasance a yankin arewacin dandalin Tahrir (tsohon filin Ismailia), tare da barikin sojojin Burtaniya a Alkahira kusa da Qasr El-Nil. An aza harsashin ginin ne a ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 1897, a gaban Khedive Abbas Hilmi na biyu, firayim minista, da dukkan mambobin majalisarsa.[12] [13] 1,[14] gine-ginen Jamus Hermann Grabe ne ya kammala aikin. A cikin Nuwamba 1903, Ma'aikatar Antiquitiesb ta nada ɗan Italiyanci Alessandro Parazenti, wanda ya karɓi makullin gidan kayan gargajiya a ranar 9 ga Maris, 1902, kuma ya fara aiwatar da canja wurin tarin kayan tarihi daga fadar Khedive Ismail a Giza zuwa sabon gidan kayan gargajiya. Wannan aiki ya hada da amfani da karusai na katako dubu biyar, yayin da wasu manyan kayayyakin tarihi suka yi jigilarsu ta jiragen kasa guda biyu, inda suka yi tafiya kusan goma sha tara tsakanin Giza da Qasr El-Nil. Jirgin na farko yana dauke da akwatunan gawa na dutse kusan arba'in da takwas, wadanda nauyinsu ya haura ton dubu gaba daya. Koyaya, tsarin sufuri ya kasance hargitsi a wasu lokuta. An kammala canja wurin ne a ranar 13 ga Yuli, 1902, kuma an mayar da kabarin Mariette zuwa lambun gidan kayan gargajiya bisa ga burinsa na binne shi a cikin kayan tarihi da

Ci gaban kayan tarihi

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Launi na musamman na wajen gidan kayan gargajiya A cikin 1983, an yi rajistar ginin gidan kayan gargajiya a matsayin wurin tarihi saboda ƙimar gine-gine na musamman. A cikin watan Agustan 2006, an gudanar da aikin ci gaba mafi girma a gidan kayan gargajiya, da nufin mayar da shi wurin kimiyya da al'adu[15] Wannan ya haɗa da kafa cibiymna al'adu da haɗin gwiwar gudanarwa-kasuwanci a gefen yammacin gidan kayan gargajiya, inda aka cire ƙauyuka na yau da kullun.[16] ] Saboda gurbatattun gine-ginen gine-ginen da ginin ya sha a tsawon shekaru, wanda ya boye da yawa daga cikin fara'arsa ta asali saboda dalilai na waje kamar gurbatar yanayi da cunkoson ababen hawa, ma'aikatar kayayyakin tarihi ta kaddamar da wani shiri a watan Mayun 2012 don samar da cikakkiyar gyara.[17] [18] [19] [20]

Tarin kayan tarihi

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Tsawon Zamani: Wannan tarin ya ƙunshi nau'ikan tukwane, kayan ado, kayan aikin farauta, da abubuwan rayuwar yau da kullun waɗanda ke wakiltar samfuran Masarawa na dā kafin zuwan rubutu. Wadannan kayan tarihi sun nuna rayuwar Masarawa na farko da suka zauna a yankuna daban-daban na Masar, ciki har da arewa, tsakiya, da kudancin ƙasar.[21] [22] Lokacin Daular Farko: Wannan tarin ya haɗa da kayan tarihi daga Daular Farko da ta Biyu, kamar su Narmer Palette, mutum-mutumi na Khasekhemwy, da tasoshin ruwa da kayan aiki daban-daban.[23] [24] tarin ya haɗa da kewayon manyan kayan tarihi, irin su mutum-mutumi na Djoser, Khafre, Menkaure, Sheikh El-Balad, dwarf Seneb, King Pepi I, ɗansa Merenre, da kuma akwatuna masu yawa, mutummutumi na mutane, zane-zane na bango, da tarin Sarauniya Hetepheres I. Tsakanin Mulkin Tsakiya: bWannan tarin ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa masu mahimmanci, irin su mutum-mutumi na Sarki Montuhotep II, jerin mutum-mutumi na sarakuna da yawa daga Daular 12, gami da Senusret I da Amenemhat III, da sauransu da dukiyar Gimbiya Masarawa ta dā kamar Mereret, Sithathoriunet da Khenmet. Har ila yau yana da siffofi da yawa na mutane, akwatunan gawa, kayan ado, kayan aikin rayuwar yau da kullun, da guntuwar pyramids daga yankin Faiyum.[25] [26] Samun dama ga gidan kayan gargajiya da shigarwa

Mai daukar hoto na abin rufe fuska na zinare na Tutankhamun Gidan kayan tarihin yana tsakiyar birnin Alkahira, a arewacin dandalin Tahrir (Babban gari). Ana iya isa gare ta ta hanyar sufuri na jama'a, motoci masu zaman kansu tare da filin ajiye motoci a filin ajiye motoci na Tahrir, ko kuma mafi sauƙin zaɓi na amfani da metro, fita a tashar Sadat, wanda ke kallon dandalin Tahrir kai tsaye.[27] Gidan kayan tarihi yana buɗe kullum daga 9:00 na safe zuwa 7:00 na yamma, tare da sa'o'i na musamman a ranar Juma'a daga 9:00 na safe zuwa 11:00 na safe da kuma daga 1:30 na rana zuwa 7:00 na yamma.[[28] 3 Ba a yarda da daukar hoto a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya saboda mummunan tairin walƙiya na kamara a kan ƙananan launukan kayan tarihi. Koyaya, ana ba da izinin ɗaukar hoto na mutum don kuɗi na EGP 50 ga Masarawa da baƙi, sai dai a cikin Hall of the Golden Mask da Royal Mummy Halls.[29] [30] Lokaci-lokaci, ana ba da izinin daukar hoto kyauta akan takamaiman ranaku don ƙarfafa yawon shakatawa da haɓaka baƙi zuwa gidan kayan gargajiya. Masu ziyara kuma za su iya yin hayan jagorar sauti a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya don 25 EGP, yana ba da cikakkun bayanai game da kayan tarihi da aka nuna.[31]

Gudanarwa

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Gidan kayan gargajiya yana kula da Sashen Gidajen Tarihi na Majalisar Koli na Tarihi, wanda wani bangare ne na Ma'aikatar yawon shakatawa da kayan tarihi (Masar). An damka kula da gidan kayan gargajiya a matsayin darektan gidan kayan gargajiya, rawar da wasu fitattun mutane suka yi a fagen ilimin Egiptology, ciki har da:[32]

Ali Abdulhalim Ali (2023-present) Sabah Abdel Razek (Satumba 2016 - 2023). Somaya Abdel Samia (Maris 2016 - Satumba 2016).[33] Khaled al-Anani (2015-2016).[34] Mahmoud Halougi (2014-2015).[35] Sayed Amer (2013-2014).[36] Salwa Abdel Rahman (2012-2013).[37] Sayed Hassan (2012-2012).[38] Tarek al-Awadi (2011-2012).[39] Wafa al-Siddiq (2004-2011).[40] Mamdouh Eldamaty (2001-2004).[41] Ali Hassan[42] Muhammad Saleh[43] Muhammad Musa.[44] Diaa al-Din Abu Ghazi.[45] Henry Riad.[46] Mahmoud Hamza.[47] Stephen Drioton (1936-1952).,[48] Pierre Lacau (1914-1936).[49] Gaston Maspero (1899-1914).[50] Victor Loret (1897-1899).[51] Jacques de Morgan (1892-1897).[52] Eugene Grippo (1886-1892).[53] Gaston Maspero (1881-1886) Augustus Mariette (1858-1881). Open in Google Translate

  1. ↑ "History of the Egyptian Museum – The Egyptian Museum in Cairo". Archived from the original on 27 January 2023. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
  2. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_Museum#
  3. ↑ "For the First Time, All 5,000 Objects Found Inside King Tut's Tomb Will Be Displayed Together"
  4. ↑ original
  5. ↑ "The Egyptian Museum. Cairo Governorate. Archived from the original on 2018-10-02. Accessed on 2016-09-05.
  6. ↑ رامي عصام - معتصم مش بلطجي
  7. ↑ "Supreme Council of Antiquities - Museums". www.sca-egypt.org. Archived from the original on 23 October 2017. Retrieved 28 February 2018
  8. ↑ Kingsley, Patrick (27 January 2015). "Tutankhamun's famous home is undergoing a facelift (no glue involved)". the Guardian. Retrieved 28 February 2018.
  9. ↑ شيل (11 August 2018). "حدائق دمرتها دولة يوليو". manassa.news (in Arabic). Retrieved 1 July 2024.
  10. ↑ Die Zeit
  11. ↑ "Looters destroy mummies during Egypt protests"
  12. ↑ Zahi Hawass (December 7, 2002). "Antiquities and secrets of the Egyptian Museum". Al-Ahram. Archived from the original on 2004-01-09. Accessed on 2015-10-02.
  13. ↑ "Head of Isis crowns the entrance to the Egyptian Museum and the Taliban style characterizes its architecture"
  14. ↑ Egyptian Museum!". Al-Wafd. Archived from the original on 2016-09-27. Accessed on 2016-09-05
  15. ↑ Amani Abdelhamid (December 29, 2014). "With a budget of ten million euros : The Egyptian Museum gets a new lease on life". Dar al-Hilal. Archived from the original on 2016-09-09. Accessed on 2016-09-06.
  16. ↑ "The largest renovation of the Egyptian Museum, one of the oldest antiquities museums in the world"
  17. ↑ Ahmed Osman (July 11, 2016). "EGP 2 mn to develop the Egyptian Museum's lighting to work at night". Al-Wafd. Archived from the original on 2016-09-27. Accessed on 2016-09-05
  18. ↑ Ahmed Osman (July 10, 2016). "Antiquities approves EGP 1.6 million contract to develop the Egyptian Museum." The Seventh Day. Archived from the original on 2020-03-05. Accessed on 2016-09-05
  19. ↑ original
  20. ↑ Razavi Hashem (November 15, 2018). "Minister of Antiquities: Egyptian Museum renovation finished". Al-Watan. Archived from the original on 2018-11-24. Accessed on 2018-11-24.
  21. ↑ "Egyptian Museum". State Information Service (Egypt). Archived from the original on 2016-08-07. Accessed on 2015-10-02.
  22. ↑ Cairo Governorate
  23. ↑ Cairo Governorate
  24. ↑ Tsohon Mulkin Zamani: Egyptian Museum". State Information Service (Egypt). Archived from the original on 2016-08-07. Accessed on 2015-10-02.
  25. ↑ Egyptian Museum". State Information Service (Egypt). Archived from the original on 2016-08-07. Accessed on 2015-10-02.
  26. ↑ "Egyptian Museum"
  27. ↑ "Middle East: Antiquities Chief Says Sites Are Largely Secure"
  28. ↑ Karim Hassan (April 29, 2014). "Minister of Antiquities: 10 rare artifacts stolen from the Egyptian Museum during the January 25 revolution". Al-Ahram. Archived from the origina/l on 2018-08-07. Accessed on 2016-09-05.
  29. ↑ Archived
  30. ↑ "Minister of Antiquities: 10 rare artifacts stolen from the Egyptian Museum during the January 25 revolution"
  31. ↑ original
  32. ↑ "'Antiquities' prepares to light up the Egyptian Museum and the Citadel to open them at night".
  33. ↑ "Soumaya Abdel Samiya assigned to run the Egyptian Museum and Mahrous Said Civilization Museum"
  34. ↑ Ahmed Mansour (October 8, 2015). "Antiquities appoints Khaled El-Enany as general supervisor of the Egyptian Museum". The Seventh Day. Archived from the original on 2020-03-05. Accessed on
  35. ↑ The Egyptian Museum's director says the building is intact and tourism is normal." Al-Shorouk. July 11, 2015. Archived from the original on 2018-08-07. Accessed on 2015-10-05.
  36. ↑ Maged Abdel Qader (June 29, 2013). "Intensified security measures for the Egyptian Museum and the Haram Antiquities Zone during tomorrow's demonstrations". Al-Ahram. Archived from the original on 2018-08-07. Accessed on 2015-10-05.
  37. ↑ Salwa Abdel Rahman as director of the Egyptian Museum. Al-Watan. December 3, 2012. Archived from the original on 2018-08-08. Accessed on
  38. ↑ Dina Abdel Aleem (March 24, 2012). "Sayed Hassan appointed director of the Egyptian Museum, replacing Tarek El Awady". Al-Youm Al-Sabea. Archived from the original on 2020-03-05. Accessed on 2016-09-04.
  39. ↑ The return of 19 pieces of King Tut's artifacts is a great achievement". Al-Ahram. August 2, 2011. Archived from the original on 2018-08-07. Accessed on 2015-10-05.
  40. ↑ "Salwa Abdel Rahman as director of the Egyptian Museum. Al-Watan. December 3, 2012. Archived from the original on 2018-08-08. Accessed on
  41. ↑ "We publish the resume of the new Minister of Antiquities".
  42. ↑ "Former Egyptian Museum director reveals Nasser's connection to 'burning' NDP building, welcomes decision to demolish it". Sada al-Balad. Archived from the original on 2016-09-24. Accessed on 2016-09-06.
  43. ↑ Zahi Hawass
  44. ↑ Moushira Moussa, Jehan Mustafa (December 12, 2002). "Suzanne Mubarak inaugurates centennial celebration"
  45. ↑ Moushira Moussa, Jehan Mustafa (December 12, 2002). "Suzanne Mubarak inaugurates centennial celebration"
  46. ↑ Moushira Moussa, Jehan Mustafa (December 12, 2002). "Suzanne Mubarak inaugurates centennial celebration"
  47. ↑ "113 years since the opening of the Egyptian Museum. A visitor's gateway to the magical time of the pharaohs". Cairo Gate. November 14, 2015. Archived from the original on 2015-11-16. Accessed on 2016-09-04.
  48. ↑ Abdel Azim Mahmoud Hanafi. "The Story of the Egyptian Museum". Cairo Magazine. Archived from the original on 2016-09-13. Accessed on
  49. ↑ aha Ali (August 4, 2011). "Gaston Maspero. The first director of the Egyptian Museum was paid a thousand pounds a year". Asharq Al-Awsat. Archived from the original on 2018-08-07. Accessed on 2016-09-06.
  50. ↑ "Maspero's file unveiled at the archives 95 years after his departure". Al-Ahram. August 1, 2011. Archived from the original on 2018-08-08. Accessed on 2016-09-04.
  51. ↑ . "The Egyptian Museum in Tahrir : Kings, monuments and tales of ancient Egypt"
  52. ↑ . "The Egyptian Museum in Tahrir : Kings, monuments and tales of ancient Egypt"
  53. ↑ . "The Egyptian Museum in Tahrir : Kings, monuments and tales of ancient Egypt"
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