Gine-gine na Cape Dutch
 Gine-gine na Cape Dutch | |
|---|---|
architectural style (en)  | |
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
Dutch Colonial Revival architecture (en) |
Gine-ginen Cape Dutch wani salo ne na gine-ginen da aka fi samu a Yammacin Cape na Afirka ta Kudu, kodayake an yi gyare-gyaren zamani a yankuna kamar Western Australia da New Zealand, galibi akan wuraren ruwan inabi. Salon ya fito a cikin ƙarni na 17 a farkon shekarun Dutch Cape Colony, kuma ana kiransa da sunan mazauna Dutch waɗanda suka taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka ta. Tasiri kan salon za a iya samo shi zuwa al'adun gine-ginen na zamani daga Netherlands, Jamus, Faransa, da Indonesia.[1]
Siffofin gine-gine
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wani sanannen fasalin gine-ginen Cape Dutch shine babban, gable, mai kyan gani, kama da waɗanda aka gani a cikin gidajen ƙauyen Holland a Amsterdam, Netherlands, wanda aka gina a cikin salon Holland. Duk da haka, wannan ba shine ma'anar salon ba, kamar yadda wasu gine-ginen Cape Dutch, irin su gidan Uitkyk manor a Stellenbosch, Afirka ta Kudu, ba su da gables amma har yanzu ana la'akari da su a cikin salon.
A ƙarshen ƙarni na 18, bambancin gine-ginen Cape Dutch wanda ya shafi neoclassicism na Jojiya ya zama sananne. Duk da haka, gidaje uku da aka gina da wannan salon ne suka rage. [2] Tsarin bene na gine-ginen Cape Dutch na yau da kullum yana biye da siffar H, tare da sashin gaba na tsakiya wanda ke gefen fikafikai guda biyu.
Gine-ginen Cape Dutch yana da alaƙa da abubuwa masu ma'ana da yawa, gami da:
- Ganuwar fara
- Rufaffen rufi
- Manya-manyan kwanon rufin katako na katako
- Wuraren katako na waje
- Dogayen sifofi a kwance, yawanci labari ɗaya ko biyu, galibi tare da tagogi masu ɗaki
- Koren ɗaki-ɗaki, wanda aka fi amfani da shi don ƙofofi da masu rufewa
- Gables na tsakiya, sau da yawa suna tunawa da gidajen canal na Holland, ko da yake ba a duniya ba
Tasiri da adanawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yawancin gine-ginen Cape Dutch na asali a Cape Town sun rushe saboda ci gaban birane, musamman a cikin shekarun 1960 lokacin da aka gina manyan gine-gine a cikin Bowl City. Duk da haka, salon ya kasance da kyau a cikin garuruwan tarihi da wuraren ruwan inabi tare da Cape Winelands na Afirka ta Kudu, ciki har da Stellenbosch, Paarl, Swellendam, Franschhoek, Tulbagh, da Graaff-Reinet.
Gables wani yanki ne na musamman na gine-ginen Cape Dutch. Binciken da aka yi a baya ya kwatanta nau'ikan kayan adonsu da na Amsterdam, kodayake a rabin na biyu na ƙarni na 18, ginin gable ya ragu a Amsterdam kanta. Madadin haka, an yi kamanceceniya na gine-gine tsakanin gables na Afirka ta Kudu da waɗanda aka samu tare da kogin Zaan a cikin Netherlands, inda al'adar ta kasance mai ƙarfi a lokacin ƙawancen Dutch na Cape ta Kamfanin Dutch United East India Company (VOC).
Farfaɗowar Cape Dutch
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A tsakiyar ƙarni na 19, gine-ginen Cape Dutch ya ragu sosai, kuma yawancin gine-ginensa sun lalace. An fara farfaɗo da salon a cikin shekarar 1893 lokacin da Cecil John Rhodes ya sayi Groote Schuur ( Samfuri:Lit ) kuma ya ba da izini Sir Herbert Baker ya sake fasalin gidan manor. Baker ya nemi haɓaka salon gine-ginen ƙasar Cape, yana zana wahayi daga tsarin Cape Dutch ɗin da ake da shi. Koyaya, ƙirarsa a ƙarshe ta nuna gidan ƙasar Ingilishi tare da Cape Dutch gables maimakon ginin Cape Dutch ɗin kawai. Wannan aikin ya ba da gudummawa ga fitowar salon Revival na Cape Dutch. [3]
A cikin shekarar 1902, bayan nasarar da Birtaniyya ta samu a yakin Anglo-Boer, Baker ya koma Johannesburg, inda ya gabatar da salon Revival na Cape Dutch ga Witwatersrand, musamman a cikin gidajen da manyan masu hako ma'adinai da aka sani da Randlords suka ba da izini. Bayan kafa Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu a cikin shekarar 1910, salon Revival na Cape Dutch ya sami shahara a matsayin salon gine-ginen ƙasa. Ba kamar na ainihin gine-ginen Cape Dutch ba, sigar farfaɗowa an fi saninsa da ƙayyadaddun gables.[4]
Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Gine-ginen mulkin mallaka na Holland
- Gine-gine na Farfaɗowar Mulkin Mallaka na Holland
- Gine-gine na Netherlands
- Tarihin Cape Town
- Jagora ga Tsohon Gine-gine na Cape
- Jerin salon gida
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "History of the Manor House". Uitkyk Wine Estate. Archived from the original on 9 November 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
- ↑ "History of the Manor House". Uitkyk Wine Estate. Archived from the original on 9 November 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
- ↑ "Cape Dutch Revival".
- ↑ Jona Schellekens, "Dutch Origins of South-African Colonial Architecture," Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 56 (1997), pp. 204–206.
Littattafai
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Fransen, Hans (2006). Old Towns and Villages of the Cape: A Survey of the Origin and Development of Towns, Villages, and Hamlets at the Cape of Good Hope, with Particular Reference to Their Physical Planning and Historical Townscape (in Turanci). Jonathan Ball Publishers. ISBN 978-1-86842-227-2.
- "The Old Buildings Of The Cape by Hans Fransen". I H Pentz Booksellers. Retrieved 2025-02-12.
Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Tarihi da juyin halitta na Cape Dutch gine
- Hotunan hotuna masu yawa na gine-ginen Cape Dutch
- Error in Webarchive template: Empty url. McGregor Archived 2010-11-24 at the Wayback Machine - mafi kyawun adana kuma mafi cikakken misali na tsakiyar karni na 19 a lardin Cape