Gine-gine na Zaman Lafiya da Tsaro na Afirka
 Gine-gine na Zaman Lafiya da Tsaro na Afirka | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Iri | ma'aikata |
Tsarin Tsarin Zaman Lafiya da Tsaro na Afirka (APSA) ya ƙunshi manyan kayan aiki guda uku na rigakafin rikice-rikice. sarrafa rikice-rikice da gina zaman lafiya na Tarayyar Afirka (AU), Ƙungiyoyin Tattalin Arziƙi na Yanki (RECs) da kuma Tsarin Yanki (RMs).
Fage
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]APSA ta samo asali ne a ƙarshen 1990s, lokacin da nahiyar Afirka ta fuskanci munanan rikice-rikice kamar yakin basasa a Somaliya, wanda ke gudana tun 1991, da kisan kare dangi a Rwanda 1994. A sa'i daya kuma, dokokin kungiyar hadin kan Afirka (OAU) ba su ba da damar tsoma baki cikin harkokin cikin gidan wata kasa ba. Domin samun damar shiga tsakani a cikin yanayi na take hakkin dan adam, kasashe mambobin kungiyar OAU sun yanke shawarar kafa kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka (AU) a shekara ta 2002. Bayan shekaru biyu, an ɗauki shawarar kafa APSA. Sa hannun daftarin aiki na AU [1] ya nuna sauyin yanayin dangantakar da ke tsakaninta da Afirka. Mataki na 4 (h) da (j) na kundin tsarin mulki ya bai wa kasashe mambobin AU damar shiga cikin kasa ta uku ko da ba tare da yardar gwamnati ba idan aka aikata laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama, kamar laifukan yaki da kisan kare dangi . Don haka, dokar kafa ta AU ita ce yarjejeniya ta farko a karkashin dokokin kasa da kasa, wadda ta hada da 'yancin shiga tsakani ta hanyar soji a kasa ta uku bisa dalilan jin kai, wanda a yau ake kira da taimakon agaji . Wannan sauye-sauye na al'ada ya karu lokacin da ka'idar kafa kwamitin zaman lafiya da tsaro (PSC) na AU ta fara aiki a ranar 26 ga Disamba, 2003. Yarjejeniyar ta ayyana babban ajanda don zaman lafiya da tsaro, gami da abubuwan tsakiya kamar rigakafin rikice-rikice, faɗakarwa da wuri, diflomasiya na rigakafi, sarrafa rikice-rikice, samar da zaman lafiya da gina zaman lafiya gami da tallafawa da haɓaka manufofin dimokiradiyya, ayyukan jin kai da sarrafa rikice-rikice . Saboda haka, ana iya ganin ƙa'idar kafa PSC a matsayin tushen APSA. Manufar APSA ce ta samar da AU, RECs da RMs tare da duk kayan aikin da ake bukata don cika ayyuka da umarni da suka shafi kundin tsarin AU da ka'idojin kafa PSC.
Tsarin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tsarin APSA ya dogara ne akan ƙa'idar da ta shafi kafa kwamitin zaman lafiya da tsaro na Tarayyar Afirka (PSC Protocol, 2002). Mataki na 2 ya ba da sunayen ginshiƙan ginshiƙan APSA guda biyar masu zuwa, waɗanda suka haɗa da cibiyoyi da matakai na yanke shawara: - Majalisar Zaman Lafiya da Tsaro (PSC), wacce ita ce babbar ƙungiyar AU - the Panel of the Wise (PoW) - the Continental Early Warning System (CEWS) - the African Standby Force (ASF) - the Peace Fund
Kungiyar AU ta yi ikrarin cewa aikinta a fannin zaman lafiya da tsaro ya dace ga daukacin nahiyar Afirka. Baya ga wannan, Ƙungiyoyin Tattalin Arziƙi na Yanki da yawa (RECs) da Tsarin Yanki (RMs) wani ɓangare ne na APSA. Haɗin gwiwar tsakanin RECs da AU ana gudanar da su ne bisa ka'idodin haɗin kai, na haɓakawa da fa'idodin kwatancen. An yi niyyar aiwatar da kayan aikin APSA na ƙarshe har zuwa ƙarshen 2015. Koyaya, matsayin kayan aikin ya bambanta da ƙarfi dangane da kowane kayan kida da ƙungiya.
Taimakon Ƙasashen Duniya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]APSA ta dogara sosai akan hanyoyin waje na kuɗi. A shekarar 2015, kashi 95 cikin 100 na kasafin kudin kungiyar AU, abokan hulda ne na waje (EU, kasashe mambobin EU, Japan da Sin). A cikin 2016, an kiyasta kudaden waje zuwa kashi 52% na kasafin kudin; duk da haka, ba a san cikakken shirin kasafin ba tukuna. [2]
Kalubale
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An kimanta ta
• Ƙimar APSA ta 2010
• 2015 APSA Tantance
Suka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]• dogaro mai ƙarfi akan hanyoyin samun kuɗi na waje
Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kwamitin zaman lafiya da tsaro
Kungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Kasashen Yammacin Afirka
Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasar Afirka ta Tsakiya
Ƙungiyar Cigaban Afirka ta Kudu
Adabi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Ulf Engel, João Gomes Porto (Ed.): Sabon Tsarin Zaman Lafiya da Tsaro na Afirka. Haɓaka Ka'idoji, Ƙaddamar da Magani. Ashgate, Farnham 2010.
- Ulf Engel, João Gomes Porto (Ed.): Zuwa Tsarin Zaman Lafiya da Tsaro na Afirka. Ashgate, Farnham 2013.
- Tarayyar Turai (Ed.): Tsarin Zaman Lafiya da Tsaro na Afirka: Har yanzu ana kan gini. Brussels 2014.
- Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (Hrsg.): Tsarin Zaman Lafiya da Tsaro na Afirka. Littafin Jagora. Addis Ababa 2014.
Magana
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Constitutive Act of the African Union 2000" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-07-06. Retrieved 2016-02-15.
- ↑ "African Union Executive Council 26th Ordinary Session" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2016-02-15.