Ginin kore a Bangladesh

Ginin kore a Bangladesh
aspect in a geographic region (en)
Bayanai
Fuskar	green building (en)
Ƙasa	Bangladash

Bangladesh tana daya daga cikin kasashe masu rauni a duniya saboda canjin yanayi. A matsayin Kasar ta tara mafi yawan jama'a'a da kuma ta goma sha biyu mafi yawan jamaʼa a duniya, yawan jama'arta da iyakantaccen sararin ƙasa sun sanya matsananciyar damuwa a cikin yanayin birane. Babban birnin Dhaka kanta ya sami canje-canje masu tsanani a cikin 'yan shekarun nan don kama karuwar yawan birane. Wannan canjin ya kasance daidai da ci gaba a cikin ƙasa, gine-gine da masana'antar gidaje. A cewar Asusun Jama'a na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNFPA), Dhaka tana ɗaya daga cikin biranen da aka fi gurɓata a duniya.

An karɓi matakai masu haɗin kai daga al'ummar ƙasa a ƙoƙarin kauce wa ƙarin bala'o'i da mutum ya haifar saboda Canjin yanayi da ƙarancin hayaki. Akwai manyan bangarori shida da sauyin yanayi zai iya shafar su a Bangladesh - albarkatun ruwa da yankunan bakin teku, ababen more rayuwa da mazaunan mutane, noma da tsaro na abinci, gandun daji da bambancin halittu, kamun kifi, da lafiyar ɗan adam. Kashe gandun daji ya haifar da mutane da yawa da suka haifar da bala'o'i a tarihin kasar. Gine-gine masu kore suna tabbatar da ingantaccen amfani da ruwa da makamashi kuma al'ummar tana gwagwarmaya wajen samar da wutar lantarki kuma tana fama da karancin ruwa.

Cibiyar Nazarin Gidaje da Gine-gine ta dauki Shirin Gidaje na Gidaje ta Gwamnati na farko a cikin 2007 The Eco-Gousing Project wanda Ar ta tsara. Md Nafizur Rahman. Tare da goyon bayan bankin IFC-duniya HBRI ta tsara Jagora don Gren Building Code a cikin 2012, a cikin wannan shekarar an haɗa sabon babi kan Ingancin Makamashi da Ci gaba a cikin BNBC. Tsarin Ingancin Makamashi da Rarraba Muhalli (BEEER) na Bangladesh an tsara shi ne ta hanyar Md. Nafizur Rahman a cikin 2018 don Hukumar Kula da Makamashi mai dorewa da Sabuntawa (SREDA) . A ranar 31 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2024 Gwamnati ta amince da BEEER. Ar. Nafiz ya kuma haɓaka wani Green Building Rating System "Green Affordable Resilience Certification for Habitats (GreenARCH) don Cibiyar Nazarin Gidaje da Gine-gine. Bankin Bangladesh tare da goyon bayan SREDA ya kuma kirkiro tsarin ƙididdigar ma'ana "Green Building Features" don tsarin sake fasalin su a cikin 2017. A cikin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, ginin kore na farko a Bangladesh ya kasance ta ƙungiyar EPIC a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2011. Tun daga shekara ta 2008, Cibiyar Gudanar da Muhalli mai dorewa - wanda ya kafa Bangladesh (daga baya Majalisar Ginin Green ta Bangladesh), Sanwar Azam ya yi aiki don haɗa masu riƙe da gungumen azaba zuwa ƙasa mai kyau, yana mai cewa tare da karuwar yawan jama'a a cikin ƙasa mai raguwa da saurin birane zuwa manyan birane, 'Going green' ya zama dabarar tallace-tallace ga ƙungiyoyi daban-daban saboda babu wata hanyar da za a iya tantancewa don yin hukunci game da dorewar tsarin. Ya ba da kwamitin tsakiya don bayar da takaddun shaida na jagoranci a cikin makamashi da ƙirar muhalli (LEED) ga ayyukan da kamfanoni masu sha'awar. Bugu da kari, ya ba da shawarar irin wannan kayan aikin ƙididdigar gini na son rai wanda ya fi arha a samu kuma wanda ya dace da yanayin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki na ƙasar kuma ya dace da mahallin gini da al'adun gini.

Azam ya kuma jaddada bukatar shirye-shiryen ilimi a cikin kayayyaki masu ɗorewa da jami'o'i daban-daban a Bangladesh sun shirya inganta ka'idodin Green Building a cikin tsarin karatun su, kamar a Jami'ar Injiniya da Fasaha ta Bangladesh, Jami'ar Jihar Bangladesh-SUB, Jami'an Arewacin Kudu, Jami'in BRAC da Jami'ar Asiya Pacific. Dokta Saleh Uddin shi ne Kwamitin Ayyuka da Ilimi na Majalisar Green Building ta Bangladesh . Da yake ambaton cewa a cikin yanayin da ba shi da kyau, irin waɗannan gine-gine da tsarin za su kasance masu jin daɗi da gamsarwa amma mafi mahimmanci kai tsaye suna magance wasu batutuwan ƙasa, kamar kiyaye ruwa da makamashi. Gwamnatin Bangladesh a cikin 2009 ta dakatar da ba da haɗin kai ga sababbin gine-ginen da ke nufin cewa sababbin gidaje ba za su sami damar samun makamashi ba, har ma da ruwa saboda karancin. Masana sun amince da cewa kayan aiki na kimantawa ba kawai zai sauƙaƙa ƙarfafawar gwamnati ga al'ummomi masu ɗorewa ba amma ya cimma burin maki shida na Manufar Ruwa ta Kasa ta 1999 ta Bankin Duniya da kuma Manufar Sabunta Makamashi ta 2008 ta Ma'aikatar Wutar Lantarki da Makamashi.

A wani taron tare da masana gine-gine da gine-gine, ya bukaci bukatar kasa don Ci gaba mai ɗorewa a cikin masana'antar gine-gine mai girma na kasar kuma ya kawo wani taro tare don aiki a matsayin GBC na kasa na Bangladesh. Ya jaddada raguwar hayakin carbon daga gine-gine. Kamfanonin makamashi na kasa da kasa kamar Energpac da Siemens sun halarci taron don tantance matsayin masu ruwa da tsaki yayin da Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Canjin Yanayi (UNFCCC) da kuma Kwamitin Gwamnati kan Canjin Canjin Yanki (IPCC) suka yi sharhi game da muhimmancin duniya na irin wannan shirin. Kayan aiki na farko da aka gabatar da shi ya yi niyyar cika burin na bakwai daga Manufofin Ci gaban Millennium na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (MDGs), kamar yadda a karo na farko majalisar ta ba da tallafi ga takaddun shaida na gine-gine. Da farko tare da ƙananan tallafin gwamnati, shirin shine canza kasuwa tare da matakan da suka dace. A wata hira da The Independent, Sanwar ya ce "akwai babban kuskuren ra'ayi game da tasirin tsada na ƙirar kore da gini," kuma cewa karuwar yawan aiki da tanadin makamashi na ginin kore ya wuce farashin farko. Game da yiwuwar yaduwar amfani da takaddun shaida na LEED, ya ce yana da tsada sosai kuma Bangladesh tana cikin aiwatar da haɓaka tsarin ƙididdigar gine-gine a cikin yanayin yankin. Wadannan ayyukan sun kuma inganta ta hanyar masana na kasa da na yanki. Shahararrun gine-ginen da suka lashe lambar yabo ta kasa kamar Mustapha Khalid Palash, wanda ya lashe gasar cin kofin Holcim Green Built Sustainable Design Competition na 2010 shi ne Shugaban Kwamitin Kwararru, kuma Rafiq Azam, ya bayyana dandalin BGBC a matsayin hanyar da Bangladesh za ta ayyana 'Green' bisa ga yanayin ƙasa. Cibiyar Gine-gine ta Bangladesh, wacce ke aiki tare da kungiyoyi daban-daban na gwamnati don bayar da ilimi da kuma goyon bayan gwamnati sun yi sharhi game da daidaitawa da ka'idoji masu ɗorewa a cikin al'ummar gine-gine ta ƙasa a cikin hanyar kayan aikin BGBC.

A cikin 2011, wanda ya kafa BGBC ya nuna cewa irin wannan ka'idojin gine-gine da kayan aiki zasu haifar da kiyayewa kamar yadda gine-gine za su rage amfani da wutar lantarki da ruwa, da kuma 'bukatar rage hayakin carbon' a cikin tsarin gini da gine-gine na yanzu. A wannan taron, Babban Babban Masanin Gine-gine na Ma'aikatar Gidaje da Ayyukan Jama'a, Bangladesh ya yi magana game da rawar da gwamnati ke takawa. A shekara ta 2012, Ma'aikatar Ayyukan Jama'a ta fara aiki tare da Bankin Duniya don nazarin makamashi da ingancin ruwa da rage fitar da hayaki ta hanyar Green Building Codes.