Gregory na Nyssa

Gregory na Nyssa (/ ˈnɪsə/; Koine Greek: Γρηγόριος Νύσσης, romanized: Grēgórios Nýssēs, grc-x-koinegrc-x-koinegrc-x-koine); kuma aka sani da Gregory. 35≀ Nyssen (/ ˈnɪsən/; Γρηγόριος Νυσσσηνός, Grēgórios Nyssēnós, grc-x-koine), malamin tauhidi na Kirista ne na farko wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin bishop na Nyssa daga 38 zuwa 374 a shekara ta 38 har zuwa mutuwarsa. ana girmama shi azaman saint a cikin Orthodoxy na Gabas, Cocin Katolika, Cocin Orthodox na Gabas, Anglicanism, da Lutheranism. Gregory, da ɗan'uwansa Basil na Kaisariya, da abokinsu Gregory na Nazianzus ana kiransu da sunan Ubannin Kapadokiya.

Gregory ba shi da ikon gudanarwa na ɗan'uwansa Basil ko tasirin zamani na Gregory na Nazianzus, amma Asalin tauhidin Kirista ne wanda ya ba da gudummawa sosai ga koyarwar Triniti da Nicene Creed. Rubutun falsafar Gregory sun rinjayi Origen. Tun daga tsakiyar karni na ashirin, an sami karuwar sha'awar ayyukan Gregory daga al'ummar ilimi, musamman ma ceto na duniya, wanda ya haifar da ƙalubale ga yawancin fassarorin gargajiya na tauhidin sa. Gregory kuma sananne ne saboda kasancewa mutum na farko a tarihin da aka rubuta wanda ya rubuta game da duk wani nau'in Bautar, yana bayyana ma'aikatar ta asali.

Tarihi

Ayyukan Manzanni sun nuna cewa a ranar Fentikos akwai Yahudawa masu ziyara waɗanda suka kasance "mazauna ...Kappadocia" a cikin halartar Ayyukan Manzanni 2:9. A cikin Wasikar Firimiya ta Bitrus, wadda aka rubuta bayan 65, marubucin ya gaishe da Kiristoci waɗanda suka kasance "masu gudun hijira da suka warwatse a ko'ina cikin ... Kapadokiya". Babu wani karin ambaton Cappadocia a cikin sauran Sabon Alkawari.

Kiristanci na Farko ya tashi a Kappadocia da wuri, ba tare da wata shaida ta al'ummar Kirista ba kafin ƙarshen ƙarni na biyu. Alexander na Urushalima shine bishop na farko na lardin a farkon zuwa tsakiyar karni na uku, lokacin da Kiristoci suka sha wahala daga tsanantawa daga hukumomin Romawa na gida. Al'ummar sun kasance ƙananan a cikin karni na uku: lokacin da Gregory Thaumaturgus ya shiga bishopric a c. 250, a cewar Gregory na Nyssa, akwai mambobi goma sha bakwai na Cocin a Kaisariya.

Bishops na Cappadocian suna daga cikin wadanda ke Majalisar farko ta Nicaea . Saboda yaduwar yawan jama'a, an nada bishops na karkara (Koine Greek) don tallafawa Bishop na Kaisariya. A ƙarshen ƙarni na huɗu, akwai kusan hamsin daga cikinsu. A rayuwar Gregory, Kiristoci na Cappadocia sun kasance masu ibada, tare da girmama shahidai arba'in na Sebaste da Saint George suna da mahimmanci kuma suna wakiltar su da kasancewar monastic. Akwai wasu masu bin rassan ridda na Kristanci, musamman Arians, Encratites da Messalians.

Tarihin rayuwa

Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi

Gregory ɗan Girka ne na Cappadocian, [1] an haife shi a kusa da 335, mai yiwuwa a cikin ko kusa da birnin Neocaesarea, Pontus. [2] Iyalinsa sun kasance masu aristocratic kuma Krista - a cewar Gregory na Nazianzus, mahaifiyarsa ita ce Emmelia na Kaisariya, kuma mahaifinsa, mai magana, an gano shi ko dai a matsayin Basil the Elder ko kuma a matsayin Gregory.[2][3] Daga cikin 'yan uwansa takwas akwai St. Macrina the Younger, St. Naucratius, St. Peter na Sebaste da St. Basil na Kaisariya . Cikakken adadin yara a cikin iyali ya kasance mai rikitarwa a tarihi: sharhi a ranar 30 ga Mayu a cikin Acta Sanctorum, alal misali, da farko ya bayyana cewa suna da tara, kafin ya bayyana Bitrus a matsayin yaro na goma. An tabbatar da cewa wannan rikice-rikice ya faru ne saboda mutuwar ɗa ɗaya tun yana jariri, wanda ya haifar da rashin tabbas a cikin rubuce-rubucen Gregory.[4] Iyayen Gregory sun sha wahala saboda bangaskiyarsu: ya rubuta cewa "an kwace dukiyarsu don yin ikirarin Kristi. " Kakar mahaifin Gregory, Macrina the Elder, ana girmama ta a matsayin mai tsarki kuma kakan mahaifiyarsa shahadar ne, kamar yadda Gregory ya sanya shi "ya kashe ta fushin Daular" a ƙarƙashin tsanantawar Sarkin sarakuna Maximinus II.[5][6][7] Tsakanin 320s zuwa farkon 340s, iyalin sun sake gina dukiyarsu, tare da mahaifin Gregory yana aiki a birnin Neocaesarea a matsayin mai ba da shawara da mai magana.[8]