Gudanar da ƙasa

Gudanar da ƙasa

Gwamnatin ƙasa tana nufin manufofi, dabaru, da hanyoyin yanke shawara da jihohin ƙasa da kananan hukumomi suka yi amfani da su game da amfani da ƙasa. A duniya, mulkin ƙasa an iyakance shi ga hangen nesa na noma saboda karuwar Rashin tsaro na abinci daga yankunan da suka fi yawan jama'a a duniya. Kungiyar Abinci da Aikin Gona (FAO) da membobinta ne suka fara haɗin gwiwar Duniya don inganta tsarin mulki na iyakantaccen albarkatun ƙasa na duniya don tabbatar da ƙasa mai kyau da mai amfani don duniya mai aminci, da kuma tallafawa wasu muhimman ayyukan muhalli.

Haɗin gwiwar Duniya

Canje-canje a cikin amfani da ƙasa, haɓaka yawan jama'a, da tasirin Canjin yanayi sun haifar da sannu a hankali na lalacewar ƙasa. Rashin lalacewar ƙasa tsari ne na sannu a hankali wanda ya shafi tsarin halitta da na ɗan adam wanda ke haifar da asarar jiki (rugujewa) da raguwar Ingancin ƙasa. Sanin Tasirin ɗan adam akan lalacewar ƙasa ya rinjayi maganganun kula da ƙasa na birane, da kuma tsara manufofi ta ƙungiyoyin yanki. Koyaya, ƙasa ta kasance a matsayin matsakaici na farko don samar da abinci, don haka ana jagorantar mulkin ƙasa na duniya zuwa ga tasirin lalacewar ƙasa akan samar da abinci da rikice-rikice da ke tasowa tsakanin buƙatar ƙauyukan ɗan adam da sararin samaniya don samar da kayan abinci. Tasirin canjin yanayi kuma yana ba da gudummawa ga rikici saboda hayakin carbon dioxide ya ci gaba da haifar da matsakaicin yanayin zafi na duniya, wanda ya haifar da karuwar lalacewar ƙasa ta hanyar rushewa, karuwar salinity, da raguwar tsire-tsire da fauna waɗanda ke ba da guddina ga ingancin sa.

Kwamitin Fasaha na Gwamnati a kan Kasa (ITPS)

Kwamitin Fasaha na Intergovernmental a kan Kasa, wanda aka kafa a shekara ta 2003, yana wakiltar dukkan yankuna na duniya kuma ya kunshi wakilan kwararru 27 na ƙasa. ITPS tana nan don ba da shawara ga GSP kan ilimin kimiyya da fasaha, ba da shawara don haɗa gudanar da ƙasa mai ɗorewa a cikin jadawalin daban-daban, sake duba Shirin Aiki na GSP, bi kan Shirin Aikin kuma neman kafa kwamitoci don lokuta na musamman.

Matsayin kimiyya da fasaha

Taswirar ƙasa ta duniya ƙungiya ce ta duniya tsakanin cibiyoyin kimiyya na ilimi, yanki da na ƙasa waɗanda masu ruwa da tsaki suka tsara bisa ga yankuna masu dacewa. Yin amfani da Tsarin Bayanai na Yanayi (GIS), nesa da fasahar da ke fitowa za a ƙirƙiri taswirar ƙasa ta duniya don wakiltar nau'ikan ƙasa daban-daban. Kungiyar tana karkashin jagorancin ISRIC-World Soil Information, wanda ke da alhakin kara ilimi a kan ƙasa ta hanyar tattara bayanai da watsawa da ci gaban fasahohi da hanyoyin taswirar ƙasa ta dijital. Ana amfani da GIS don nunawa, nazarin da tattara bayanan ƙasa da matakai, da kuma gano nau'ikan ƙasa daban-daban ta hanyar taswira da software na yanar gizo. Ana amfani da Kimiyya ta ƙasa tare da GIS don gano dukiyar ƙasa ta mutum da ta dace da aikin gona da kuma kula da ƙasa ta birane. Shirin Katin Lafiya na Kasa a Indiya yana amfani da kimiyyar ƙasa don ba da shawara ga manoma game da amfani da taki da juyawa na amfanin gona da kuma yin rikodin bayanai a kan hanyar sadarwa ta ƙasa wacce za'a iya amfani da ita don tsara nau'ikan ƙasa daban-daban a duk faɗin ƙasar.

Dubi kuma

Amurka

• Dokar Kare Kasa da Rarraba Gida ta 1936