Gwajin damuwa na zuciya

Gwajin damuwa na zuciya
Wani namiji mai haƙuri yana tafiya a kan gwajin gwaji don a bincika aikin zuciyarsa.
Sauran sunaye	Gwajin motsa jiki na zuciya
ICD-9-CM	89.4
MeSH	D025401
MedlinePlus	003878

Gwajin damuwa na zuciya
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	Gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin bincike na zuciya da exercise test (en)

Gwajin damuwa na zuciya shine gwajin zuciya wanda ke kimanta Mataki na Tsarin zuciya ga damuwa na waje a cikin tsarin asibiti mai sarrafawa. Ana iya haifar da wannan amsawar damuwa ta hanyar motsa jiki (yawanci treadmill) ko motsawar magunguna na zuciya.

Yayin da zuciya ke aiki da wuya (mai damuwa) ana saka idanu ta amfani da mai saka idanu na electrocardiogram (ECG). Wannan yana auna sautin lantarki na zuciya da kuma ilimin lantarki mai zurfi. Yawan bugun jini, hawan jini da alamomi kamar rashin jin daɗi na kirji ko gajiya ana saka idanu a lokaci guda ta hanyar halartar ma'aikatan asibiti. Ma'aikatan asibiti za su tambayi mai haƙuri a duk lokacin da ake yin tambayoyi da suka shafi ciwo da rashin jin daɗi. Rashin daidaituwa a cikin hawan jini, bugun zuciya, ECG ko kara alamun jiki na iya nuna Cutar jijiyoyin zuciya.

Gwajin damuwa ba ya gano duk lokuta na cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya, kuma sau da yawa yana iya nuna cewa yana cikin mutanen da ba su da yanayin. Gwajin kuma na iya gano cututtukan zuciya kamar su arrhythmias, da yanayin da ke shafar gudanar da wutar lantarki a cikin zuciya kamar nau'ikan fascicular daban-daban.

Gwajin damuwa "na al'ada" ba ya ba da tabbaci mai mahimmanci cewa ƙwayar zuciya mai banƙyama a nan gaba ba za ta fashe ba kuma ta toshe jijiya, tana haifar da ciwon zuciya. Kamar yadda yake tare da duk hanyoyin bincike na likita, bayanai ne kawai daga lokaci guda. Babban dalilin da ya sa ba a gane gwajin damuwa a matsayin hanya mai ƙarfi na gano CAD ba - shine gwajin damuwa gabaɗaya kawai yana gano jijiyoyin da suka ragu sosai (~ 70% ko fiye).

Gwajin damuwa da echocardiography

Gwajin damuwa na iya kasancewa tare da echocardiography. Ana yin echocardiography kafin da kuma bayan motsa jiki don a iya kwatanta bambance-bambance na tsari.

Ana samun echocardiogram na hutawa kafin damuwa. Hotunan ultrasound da aka samu suna kama da waɗanda aka samu a lokacin cikakken echocardiogram, wanda aka fi sani da Transhoracic echocardiogram. Mai haƙuri yana fuskantar damuwa ta hanyar motsa jiki ko ta hanyar sunadarai (sau da yawa Dobutamine). Bayan an cimma burin zuciya, ana samun hotunan echocardiogram na 'matsi'. Ana kwatanta hotunan echocardiogram guda biyu don tantance duk wani abu mai banƙyama a cikin motsi na zuciya. Ana amfani da wannan don gano cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya.

Gwajin motsa jiki na zuciya

Gwajin motsa jiki na zuciya da huhu ta amfani da treadmill.

Lokacin da kuma auna iskar numfashi (misali, satar iskar oxygen, yawan amfani da iskar oxygen), ana kiran gwajin a matsayin gwajin motsa jiki na zuciya (CPET ko CPX). Alamun da aka saba da su don gwajin motsa jiki na zuciya sun haɗa da kimantawa na ƙarancin numfashi, aiki kafin transplantation na zuciya, da hangen nesa da kimanta haɗari na marasa lafiya na gazawar zuciya.

Ana iya yin gwajin CPX a kan treadmill ko ergometer na sake zagayowar. A cikin batutuwa marasa horo, V̇O₂ max yana da 10% zuwa 20% ƙasa yayin amfani da ergometer na sake zagayowar idan aka kwatanta da treadmill.

Gwajin damuwa ta amfani da alamun nukiliya da aka yi amfani da su

Gwajin damuwa na nukiliya yana amfani da kyamarar gamma don ɗaukar hoto na radioisotopes da aka yi amfani da su cikin jini. Misali mafi kyau da aka fi sani da shi shine hotunan myocardial perfusion. Yawanci, ana iya yin allurar radiotracer (Tc-99 sestamibi, Myoview ko Thallous chloride 201) yayin gwajin. Bayan lokacin jira mai dacewa don tabbatar da rarraba radiotracer yadda ya kamata, ana samun scans tare da kyamarar gamma don ɗaukar hotuna na jini. Ana bincika binciken da aka samu kafin da kuma bayan motsa jiki don tantance yanayin jijiyoyin zuciya na mai haƙuri. Ta hanyar nuna adadin dangi na radioisotope a cikin tsokoki na zuciya, gwaje-gwajen damuwa na nukiliya sun fi gano yankunan yankin da aka rage jini.[1]

Damuwa da yiwuwar lalacewar zuciya daga motsa jiki yayin gwajin matsala ce ga marasa lafiya tare da cututtukan ECG a hutawa ko kuma a cikin marasa lafiya tare le mummunar nakasa. Ana iya amfani da motsawar magunguna daga vasodilator kamar dipyridamole ko adenosine, ko kuma masu amfani da lokaci mai kyau kamar Dobutamine. Ma'aikatan gwaji na iya haɗawa da likitan radiology na zuciya, likitan likitan nukiliya, masanin fasahar maganin nukiliya. Yawan radiation da aka karɓa a lokacin wannan hanya na iya kasancewa daga 9.4 zuwa 40.7 millisieverts.