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Gyaran jiki

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Gyaran jiki
physical medicine and rehabilitation (en) Fassara, academic discipline (en) Fassara da type of medical treatment (en) Fassara
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na therapy (en) Fassara
Gudanarwan physiotherapist (en) Fassara da rehabilitation assistant (en) Fassara

Samfuri:Infobox medical intervention


Sana'ar tana da fannoni da yawa da suka haɗa da musculoskeletal, orthopedics, cardiopulmonary, neurology, endocrinology, sports medicine, geriatrics, pediatrics, pediatrics, health of women, care pain and electromyography . PTs suna yin aiki a wurare da yawa, na gwamnati da na masu zaman kansu. [1]

Baya ga aikin asibiti, wasu fannoni na aikin motsa jiki sun haɗa da bincike, ilimi, shawarwari, da kuma kula da lafiya . Masu ilimin motsa jiki suna ba da kulawar farko ga marasa lafiya tare da sauran ayyukan likita. A wasu yankuna, kamar Burtaniya, masu ilimin motsa jiki na iya samun ikon rubuta magani.  

Bayani

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Gyaran jiki yana magance cututtuka ko raunuka da ke iyakance ikon mutum na motsawa da yin ayyukan da suka dace a rayuwarsa ta yau da kullun. [2] Likitocin PT suna amfani da tarihin mutum da gwajin jiki don isa ga ganewar asali da kuma kafa tsarin gudanarwa, kuma idan ya cancanta, suna haɗa sakamakon nazarin dakin gwaje-gwaje da hotuna kamar X-ray, CT scans, ko MRIs. Masu ilimin motsa jiki na iya amfani da sonography don gano da kuma sarrafa yanayin tsoka, jijiyoyi, da huhu na yau da kullun. [3] [4] [5] Ana iya amfani da gwajin ganewar asali na lantarki (misali, gwajin electromyograms da gwajin saurin sarrafa jijiyoyi). [6]

Gudanar da PT yawanci ya haɗa da rubutaccen magani, ko taimako tare da, motsa jiki na musamman, maganin hannu, da kuma sarrafa jiki. Ƙarin jiyya sun haɗa da na'urorin injiniya kamar jan hankali; ilimi; hanyoyin lantarki waɗanda suka haɗa da zafi, sanyi, wutar lantarki, raƙuman sauti, da radiation; na'urorin taimako; prostheses; da orthoses . Bugu da ƙari, PTs suna aiki tare da mutane don hana asarar motsi kafin ya faru ta hanyar haɓaka shirye-shiryen motsa jiki da lafiya don rayuwa mai lafiya da aiki, da kuma samar da ayyuka ga mutane da al'ummomi don haɓaka, kiyayewa, da dawo da matsakaicin motsi da ƙarfin aiki a duk tsawon rayuwa. Wannan ya haɗa da samar da magani a cikin yanayi inda motsi da aiki ke fuskantar barazana daga tsufa, rauni, cuta, ko abubuwan muhalli. Motsin aiki yana da mahimmanci ga abin da ake nufi da zama lafiya .

Jinyar motsa jiki sana'a ce da ke da fannoni da yawa ciki har da musculoskeletal, orthopedics, zuciya da huhu, ilimin jijiyoyi, ilimin endocrinology, likitancin wasanni, ilimin tsofaffi, ilimin yara, lafiyar mata, kula da rauni da kuma electromyography . Likitocin PT suna aiki a wurare da yawa, kamar asibitoci masu zaman kansu, asibitoci ko ofisoshi na waje, asibitoci, asibitoci na lafiya da walwala, asibitoci na gyara, wuraren jinya masu ƙwarewa, wuraren kulawa na dogon lokaci, gidaje masu zaman kansu, cibiyoyin ilimi da bincike, makarantu, asibitoci, wuraren aiki na masana'antu ko wasu wurare na aiki, cibiyoyin motsa jiki da wuraren horar da wasanni . [1]

Masu ilimin motsa jiki kuma suna aiki a cikin ayyukan kula da marasa lafiya kamar manufofin lafiya, [7] [8] inshorar lafiya, gudanar da harkokin kiwon lafiya, da kuma a matsayin shugabannin kula da lafiya. Masu ilimin motsa jiki suna da hannu a fannin likitanci-doka suna aiki a matsayin ƙwararru, suna yin bita na takwarorinsu da kuma gwaje-gwajen likita masu zaman kansu . [9]

Ilimi ya bambanta sosai daga ƙasa zuwa ƙasa. Tsawon lokacin ilimi ya kama daga wasu ƙasashe waɗanda ba su da ilimi na yau da kullun zuwa wasu kuma waɗanda ke da digirin digirgir da kuma wuraren zama na bayan digirin digirgir da kuma guraben karo ilimi. [10]

Dangane da alaƙarta da sauran sana'o'in kiwon lafiya, ilimin motsa jiki yawanci ɗaya ne daga cikin sana'o'in kiwon lafiya da ke da alaƙa . [11] [12] [13] World Physiotherapy ta sanya hannu kan "takardar fahimtar juna" tare da sauran membobi huɗu na Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Lafiya ta Duniya "don haɓaka haɗin gwiwarsu kan karewa da saka hannun jari a cikin ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya don samar da kulawa mai aminci, inganci da adalci a kowane fanni". [14]

Tarihi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ana ba wa wani majiyyaci soja motsa jiki ta kafada da gwiwar hannu don ƙara motsi bayan karyewar ƙashi da kuma yankewar ƙashin humerus .

Ana kyautata zaton likitoci kamar Hippocrates da Galen daga baya su ne likitoci na farko da suka fara yin aikin motsa jiki, suna ba da shawarar tausa, dabarun gyaran hannu da kuma maganin ruwa don magance mutane a shekarar 460. BC.

A cikin littafin "De Arte Gymnastica" (Fasaha ta Gymnastics, wanda aka buga a 1569), likitan Italiya Hieronymus Mercurialis (1530–1606) ya gabatar da kalmar "gymnastics na likitanci," yana nuna ɗaya daga cikin ma'anonin "gymnastics" a matsayin kayan aikin gyara ga marasa lafiya na kowane zamani.

Masanin ilimin halittar jiki kuma masanin lissafi ɗan ƙasar Italiya Alfonso Borelli (1608–1679) ya sami sakamako mai mahimmanci a fannin kimiyyar halittu na dabbobi da na ɗan adam. Littafinsa mai suna "De Motu Animalium" (Akan Motsi na Dabbobi), wanda aka buga a shekarar 1680, jim kaɗan bayan rasuwarsa, ya samar da tsarin aiki don fahimtar yanayin motsi na marasa lafiya da nakasassu.

A ƙarni na 18, likitan Faransa Nicolas Andry de Bois-Regard (1658–1742) ya kafa ingantacciyar alaƙa tsakanin lafiyar na'urorin tsoka da motsa jiki, kuma a cikin littafinsa "Traité d'orthopédie" (Treatise on Orthopedics, 1741), ya gabatar da sabon kalmar "orthopedics". Bayan Nicolas Andry de Bois-Regard, wannan ilimin ya zama ginshiƙi don fahimtar motsa jiki daidai a cikin gyaran jiki. Bayan haɓaka na'urorin ƙafafu a ƙarni na 18, an ƙirƙiri injuna kamar Gymnasticon don magance gout da cututtuka makamantan su ta hanyar motsa jiki na haɗin gwiwa, kama da ci gaban da aka samu daga baya a cikin aikin motsa jiki. [15]

Asalin farko da aka rubuta na ainihin maganin motsa jiki a matsayin ƙungiyar ƙwararru ya samo asali ne daga Per Henrik Ling, "Uban Gymnastics na Sweden," wanda ya kafa Cibiyar Royal Central of Gymnastics (RCIG) a 1813 don yin amfani da haɗin gwiwa da motsa jiki. Har zuwa 2014, kalmar Sweden don mai ilimin motsa jiki shine sjukgymnast, ko kuma wani wanda ke da hannu a cikin motsa jiki ga waɗanda ke rashin lafiya, amma daga baya aka canza sunan zuwa fysioterapeut (mai ilimin motsa jiki), kalmar da aka yi amfani da ita a sauran ƙasashen Scandinavia. [16] A 1887, Hukumar Lafiya da Jin Daɗi ta Ƙasa ta Sweden ta ba wa PTs rajista a hukumance. Sauran ƙasashe ba da daɗewa ba suka biyo baya. A 1894, ma'aikatan jinya huɗu a Burtaniya sun kafa Chartered Society of Physiotherapy . [17] Sauran ƙungiyoyin farko na masu ilimin motsa jiki sun haɗa da Makarantar Ilimin Jiki a Jami'ar Otago da ke New Zealand a 1913, [18] da Kwalejin Reed ta Amurka a 1914 a Portland, Oregon, wacce ta kammala karatun "masu taimakawa wajen sake ginawa." [19] Tun lokacin da aka fara wannan sana'a, maganin rage radadi na kashin baya ya kasance babban ɓangare na aikin motsa jiki. [20]

An kafa tsarin motsa jiki na zamani a ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 saboda abubuwan da suka shafi lafiyar jiki a duniya, wanda ya buƙaci ci gaba cikin sauri a fannin motsa jiki. Bayan haka, likitocin ƙashi na Amurka sun fara kula da yara masu nakasa kuma sun ɗauki mata da aka horar a fannin ilimin motsa jiki, da motsa jiki na gyara. An ƙara amfani da waɗannan magungunan kuma an ƙarfafa su a lokacin barkewar cutar shan inna ta 1916. [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ]

A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, an ɗauki mata aiki don su yi aiki tare da kuma dawo da aikin jiki ga sojojin da suka ji rauni, kuma an kafa fannin kula da lafiyar jiki a matsayin cibiyar kula da lafiyar jiki. A shekarar 1918, an yi amfani da kalmar "Mataimakin Sake Ginawa" don nufin mutanen da ke yin aikin kula da lafiyar jiki. An kafa makarantar farko ta kula da lafiyar jiki a Asibitin Sojoji na Walter Reed da ke Washington, DC, bayan barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya. [21] Maganin a cikin shekarun 1940 ya ƙunshi motsa jiki, tausa, da jan hankali . An fara amfani da hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su wajen sarrafa kashin baya da haɗin gwiwa na gaɓoɓi, musamman a ƙasashen Commonwealth na Burtaniya, a farkon shekarun 1950. [22]

A lokacin da aka samar da alluran rigakafin cutar shan inna, kasancewar masu ilimin motsa jiki ya zama ruwan dare a asibitoci a duk faɗin Arewacin Amurka da Turai. [23] A ƙarshen shekarun 1950, masu ilimin motsa jiki sun fara wuce asibitoci kawai zuwa asibitocin ƙashi na waje, makarantun gwamnati, cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya na kwaleji/jami'a, wuraren tsofaffi (wuraren jinya masu ƙwarewa), cibiyoyin gyara da cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya. Ƙwarewar ilimin motsa jiki a Amurka ta faru ne a shekarar 1974, inda aka kafa Sashen Ƙashi na APTA ga waɗannan masu ilimin motsa jiki waɗanda suka ƙware a fannin ƙashi. A wannan shekarar, aka kafa Ƙungiyar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Masu Ilimin motsa jiki ta ƙashi, [24] wanda tun daga lokacin ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ci gaba da aikin hannu a duk duniya.

Ƙungiyar ƙasa da ƙasa ta wannan sana'a ita ce Ƙungiyar Duniya ta Kula da Lafiyar Jiki (WCPT). An kafa ta a shekarar 1951 kuma tana aiki da sunan World Physiotherapy tun daga shekarar 2020. [25] [26]

Ilimi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Page Module:Message box/ambox.css has no content.Ka'idojin ilimi ga masu ba da maganin motsa jiki sun bambanta daga jiha zuwa jiha, ƙasa zuwa ƙasa, kuma daga cikin matakai daban-daban na alhakin ƙwararru. Duk jihohin Amurka suna da ayyukan aikin motsa jiki waɗanda ke gane masu ilimin motsa jiki (PTs) da mataimakan masu ilimin motsa jiki (PTAs) kuma wasu yankuna suna kuma gane masu fasahar motsa jiki (PT techs) ko mataimakan. Yawancin ƙasashe suna da hukumomin ba da lasisi waɗanda masu ilimin motsa jiki dole ne su zama membobi kafin su fara aiki a matsayin ƙwararru masu zaman kansu. [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ]

Kanada

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ƙungiyar Kula da Lafiyar Jiki ta Kanada (CAPR) [27] tana ba wa waɗanda suka kammala karatun digiri na farko damar neman Jarrabawar Ƙwarewar Lafiyar Jiki ta ƙasa (PCE). Cika PCE yana ɗaya daga cikin buƙatun da ake buƙata a yawancin larduna da yankuna don yin aiki a matsayin likitan motsa jiki mai lasisi a Kanada. [28] Membobin CAPR ƙungiyoyi ne na kula da lafiyar jiki da aka amince da su a larduna da yankuna daban-daban:

  • Gwamnatin Yukon, Ayyukan Masu Amfani [29]
  • Kwalejin Masu Ilimin Jiki na British Columbia [30]
  • Kwalejin Masana Ilimin Jiki ta Alberta [31]
  • Kwalejin Masu Ilimin Jiki ta Saskatchewan [32]
  • Kwalejin Masana Ilimin Jiki ta Manitoba [33]
  • Kwalejin Masana Ilimin Jiki ta Ontario [34]
  • Ordre professionalnel de la physiotherapie du Québec [35]
  • Kwalejin Likitocin Jiki na New Brunswick/College des physiothérapeutes du Nouveau-Brunswick [36]
  • Kwalejin Likitocin Jiki ta Nova Scotia [37]
  • Kwalejin Masana Ilimin Jiki ta Prince Edward Island [38]
  • Kwalejin Likitocin Jiki ta Newfoundland da Labrador [39]

Ana bayar da shirye-shiryen motsa jiki a jami'o'i goma sha biyar, galibi ta hanyar kwalejin likitanci ta jami'ar. Kowace makaranta ta fannin motsa jiki ta Kanada ta sauya daga shirye-shiryen digiri na uku a fannin ilimin motsa jiki (BScPT) waɗanda ke buƙatar shekaru biyu na darussan jami'a na farko (digiri na farko na shekaru biyar) zuwa shirye-shiryen digiri na biyu na ilimin motsa jiki (MPT) waɗanda ke buƙatar digiri na farko na farko. Jami'ar Kanada ta ƙarshe da ta biyo baya ita ce Jami'ar Manitoba, wacce ta koma shirin MPT a shekarar 2012, wanda ya sanya takardar shaidar MPT ta zama sabuwar hanyar shiga aiki a duk faɗin Kanada. Ba a buƙatar masu aikin da ke da takardar shaidar BScPT su haɓaka cancantarsu ba.

A lardin Quebec, ana buƙatar masu son yin aikin tiyatar jiki su kammala difloma ta kwaleji a fannin kimiyyar lafiya, wadda ke ɗaukar matsakaicin shekaru biyu, ko kuma fasahar gyaran jiki, wadda ke ɗaukar akalla shekaru uku, don neman shiga shirin motsa jiki ko shiri a jami'a. Bayan shiga, ɗaliban da ke yin aikin tiyatar jiki suna aiki a kan digiri na farko a fannin kimiyya tare da babban digiri a fannin gyaran jiki da gyaran jiki. BSc yawanci yana buƙatar shekaru uku kafin a kammala. Sannan ɗalibai dole ne su shiga makarantar digiri na biyu don kammala digiri na biyu a fannin gyaran jiki, wanda yawanci yana buƙatar shekaru ɗaya da rabi zuwa biyu na karatu. Waɗanda suka kammala karatun digiri na biyu waɗanda suka sami digiri na biyu dole ne su ci jarrabawar zama memba cikin nasara don zama membobin Ordre Professionnel de la physiothérapie du Québec (PPQ). Masu ilimin motsa jiki za su iya ci gaba da karatunsu a fannoni na musamman kamar kimiyyar gyaran jiki, likitancin wasanni, kinesiology, da kuma ilimin halittar jiki.

Quebec ta rarraba masu ilimin gyaran jiki a matsayin kwararrun likitocin da ke kula da lafiyar jiki waɗanda ake buƙatar kammala shirin difloma na kwaleji na shekaru huɗu a fannin gyaran jiki kuma su zama membobin Ordre Professionnel de la physiothérapie du Québec (OPPQ) [40] don yin aiki bisa doka a ƙasar a cewar ƙwararre De Van Gerard.

Yawancin masu ilimin gyaran jiki suna kammala difloma a kwaleji a Collège Montmorency, Dawson College, ko Cégep Marie-Victorin, duk suna cikin yankin Montreal da kewaye.

Bayan kammala karatunsu na kwaleji na fasaha, waɗanda suka kammala karatun suna da damar ci gaba da karatunsu a matakin jami'a don wataƙila su sami digiri na farko a fannin ilimin motsa jiki, kinesiology, kimiyyar motsa jiki, ko ilimin motsa jiki . Jami'ar Montréal, Jami'ar Laval da Jami'ar Sherbrooke suna cikin jami'o'in Québécois waɗanda ke shigar da masu ilimin gyaran jiki zuwa shirye-shiryen karatu da suka shafi kimiyyar lafiya da gyaran jiki don darussan bashi da aka kammala a kwaleji .

Zuwa yanzu, babu shirye-shiryen haɗin gwiwa da ake da su don sauƙaƙe haɓakawa daga BScPT zuwa takardar shaidar MPT. Duk da haka, ana samun shirye-shiryen digiri na biyu a fannin kimiyya (MSc) da digiri na uku a fannin falsafa (PhD) a kowace jami'a. Baya ga binciken ilimi, masu aiki za su iya haɓaka ƙwarewarsu da cancantarsu ta hanyar ci gaba da darussa da manhajoji na ilimi. Ci gaba da ilimi buƙatu ne na hukumomin kula da larduna.

Ƙungiyar Kula da Lafiyar Jiki ta Kanada tana ba da manhajar koyar da ci gaba da koyarwa a fannin kula da ƙashi da kuma kula da hannu. Shirin ya ƙunshi matakai 5 (darussa 7) na horo tare da ci gaba da jagoranci da kimantawa a kowane mataki. Manhajar koyar da ƙashi da jarrabawa tana ɗaukar aƙalla shekaru 4 kafin a kammala. Duk da haka, bayan kammala mataki na 2, masu ilimin motsa jiki za su iya neman shiga wani shiri na musamman na digiri na biyu wanda ya dogara da kwas na shekara 1 a fannin kula da ƙashi da kuma kula da hannu a Jami'ar Western Ontario don kammala horonsu. Wannan shirin yana karɓar masu ilimin motsa jiki 16 kawai a kowace shekara tun daga 2007. Kammala karatun da aka yi cikin nasara a ɗayan waɗannan hanyoyin ilimi da jarrabawarsu yana ba wa masu ilimin motsa jiki damar yin rajista a Kwalejin Kula da Lafiyar Jiki ta Kanada (CAMPT) don samun haɗin gwiwa. Ana ɗaukar membobin Kwalejin Kula da Lafiyar Jiki ta Kanada (FCAMPT) a matsayin jagora a fagen, suna da ilimi mai zurfi bayan kammala karatun digiri a fannin kula da ƙashi da kuma kula da hannu. FCAMPT takardar shaida ce da aka amince da ita a duniya baki ɗaya, domin CAMPT memba ce ta Ƙungiyar Masu Jinya da Gyaran Jiki ta Duniya (IFOMPT), wani reshe na Ƙungiyar Jinya ta Duniya (wadda a da ake kira Ƙungiyar Jinya ta Duniya (WCPT)) da kuma Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO).

Scotland

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ana bayar da digirin ilimin motsa jiki a jami'o'i huɗu: Jami'ar Edinburgh Napier da ke Edinburgh, Jami'ar Robert Gordon da ke Aberdeen, Jami'ar Caledonian da ke Glasgow, da Jami'ar Sarauniya Margaret da ke Edinburgh. Dalibai za su iya cancanta a matsayin masu ilimin motsa jiki ta hanyar kammala digirin farko na kimiyya na shekaru huɗu ko digiri na biyu na biyu (idan sun riga sun sami digiri na farko a wani fanni mai alaƙa).

Domin amfani da taken 'Mai ba da shawara kan harkokin motsa jiki', dole ne ɗalibi ya yi rijista da Majalisar Kula da Lafiya da Kulawa, wata hukuma mai kula da harkokin motsa jiki a faɗin Burtaniya, idan ya cancanta. Yawancin masu ba da shawara kan motsa jiki mambobi ne na Ƙungiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Chartered (CSP), [41] wacce ke ba da inshora da tallafi na ƙwararru.

Amurka

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Babban likitan da ke kula da lafiyar jiki shine likitan motsa jiki (PT) wanda aka horar kuma aka ba shi lasisi don dubawa, kimantawa, ganowa da sarrafa rauni ko cuta a cikin marasa lafiya ko abokan ciniki. [42] Idan aka nuna, masu ilimin motsa jiki suna yin odar gwaje-gwaje/nazari na bincike, gami da amma ba'a iyakance ga gwaje-gwajen hoto da dakin gwaje-gwaje ba. Masu ilimin motsa jiki kuma suna iya yin ko fassara zaɓaɓɓun hotuna ko wasu gwaje-gwaje/nazari. [43] Manhajojin ilimin ilimin motsa jiki a Amurka sun kai ga digirin Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT), [44] tare da wasu PT masu aiki suna da digirin Master of Physical Therapy, wasu kuma suna da digirin Bachelor. Ba a sake bayar da digirin Master of Physical Therapy da Master of Science a Physical Therapy ba, kuma digirin matakin shiga shine digirin Doctor of Physical Therapy, wanda yawanci yana ɗaukar shekaru 3 bayan kammala digirin farko. [45] Ana ƙarfafa PT waɗanda ke da digirin Master ko digirin farko a PT su sami DPT ɗinsu saboda burin APTA shine duk PT su kasance a matakin digiri na uku. [46] Hukumar Kula da Ilimin Jinya ta Jiki (CAPTE) ta amince da shirye-shiryen DPT a Amurka. A cewar CAPTE, As of 2025 Akwai ɗalibai 39,448 da suka yi rajista a shirye-shiryen PT guda 322 da aka amince da su a Amurka yayin da ɗaliban PTA guda 10,077 ke shiga shirye-shiryen PTA guda 390 a Amurka. [47]

Manhajar kwararrun masu ilimin motsa jiki ta ƙunshi abubuwan da ke cikin kimiyyar asibiti (misali, abubuwan da ke ciki game da tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, huhu, endocrine, metabolism, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, integumentary, musculoskeletal, da neuromuscular da kuma yanayin likita da tiyata da masu ilimin motsa jiki ke yawan gani). Horarwa ta yanzu an yi ta ne musamman don baiwa masu ilimin motsa jiki damar gane da kuma tura cututtukan da ba na tsoka ba waɗanda za su iya kasancewa iri ɗaya da waɗanda tsarin da ba su dace da maganin motsa jiki ke haifarwa, wanda ya haifar da samun damar kai tsaye ga masu ilimin motsa jiki a jihohi da yawa. [48]

Yawan zama bayan digirin digirgir da kuma ilimin zumunci yana ƙaruwa akai-akai tare da amincewa da shirye-shiryen zama 219 da shirye-shiryen zumunci 42 a shekarar 2016. Makarantun suna da nufin horar da masu ilimin motsa jiki a fannoni daban-daban kamar kula da lafiya mai tsanani, cututtukan zuciya da huhu, ilimin lantarki na asibiti, malamai, ilimin tsofaffi, ilimin jijiyoyi, ilimin ƙashi, ilimin yara, wasanni, lafiyar mata, da kula da rauni, yayin da makarantu ke horar da ƙwararru a wani fanni na musamman (misali kulawa mai tsanani, maganin hannu, da wasanni na sashe na 1 ), kamar tsarin likitanci. Shirye-shiryen zama suna ba da damar zama don samun takardar shaidar ƙwararru a fannin aikinsu. Misali, kammala zama a fannin motsa jiki na ƙashi yana ba wa waɗanda suka kammala karatun damar yin rajista da zama don gwajin ƙwararrun likitoci a fannin ƙashi, cimma nasarar tantancewa ta OCS bayan cin jarrabawar. [49] Takaddun shaida na hukumar ƙwararrun likitocin motsa jiki yana da nufin gane mutanen da ke da ilimin asibiti da horo na ƙwarewa a fannin aikinsu, kuma yana misalta yanayin zuwa ga ilimi mafi girma don kula da mutanen da ke da matsalar motsi yadda ya kamata. [50]

Mataimakan masu ilimin motsa jiki na iya bayar da magani da kuma hanyoyin motsa jiki ga marasa lafiya da abokan ciniki a ƙarƙashin tsarin kulawa da aka kafa ta kuma ƙarƙashin kulawar mai ilimin motsa jiki. Mataimakan masu ilimin motsa jiki a Amurka a halin yanzu ana horar da su a ƙarƙashin manhajojin ilimin da aka yi amfani da su musamman ga sana'ar, kamar yadda CAPTE ta bayyana kuma ta amince da su. Ya zuwa Disamba 2022, akwai shirye-shirye 396 na shekaru biyu ( mataimakan masu ilimin motsa jiki ) waɗanda aka amince da su don mataimakan masu ilimin motsa jiki a Amurka. [51]

Aiki

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ayyukan da suka shafi aikin motsa jiki a Arewacin Amurka sun nuna ci gaba cikin sauri a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, amma ƙimar aiki da matsakaicin albashi na iya bambanta sosai tsakanin ƙasashe daban-daban, jihohi, larduna, ko yankuna. Wani bincike daga 2013 ya bayyana cewa kashi 56.4% na masu ilimin motsa jiki sun gamsu da ayyukansu a duk duniya. [52] Albashi, sha'awar aiki, da gamsuwa a cikin aiki sune mahimman abubuwan da ke nuna gamsuwar aiki. [52] A cikin wani bincike na Poland, gajiyar aiki tsakanin masu ilimin motsa jiki ya bayyana ta hanyar ƙaruwar gajiyar motsin rai da raguwar jin daɗin cimma burin mutum. [53] Gajiyawar motsin rai ta fi yawa a tsakanin masu ilimin motsa jiki waɗanda ke aiki tare da manya kuma suna aiki a asibitoci. Sauran abubuwan da ke ƙara gajiya sun haɗa da aiki a asibiti da samun matsayi daga shekaru 15 zuwa 19. [53]

Amurka

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cewar Ofishin Kididdiga na Ma'aikatar Kwadago ta Amurka, akwai kimanin masu ilimin motsa jiki 267,200 da aka yi aiki a Amurka a shekarar 2024, suna samun matsakaicin dala $101,020 a kowace shekara a shekarar 2024, ko dala $48.57 a kowace awa, tare da hasashen karuwar kashi 11% a aikin yi nan da shekarar 2034. [54] Ofishin Kididdiga na Ma'aikata ya kuma bayar da rahoton cewa akwai kimanin mataimakan masu ilimin motsa jiki 128,700 da aka yi aiki a Amurka a shekarar 2014, suna samun matsakaicin dala $42,980 a kowace shekara, ko dala $20.66 a kowace awa, tare da hasashen karuwar kashi 40% a aikin yi nan da shekarar 2024. Don biyan bukatunsu, cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya da na motsa jiki da yawa suna daukar "masu ilimin motsa jiki na tafiya", wadanda ke aiki na wucin gadi tsakanin makonni 8 zuwa 26 don samun karin albashi; kimanin dala $113,500 a kowace shekara." [55] Bayanan kididdiga na Ofishin Ma'aikata kan PTAs da fasaha na iya zama da wahala a fayyace su, saboda yadda suke bayar da rahoton bayanai kan waɗannan fannoni na aiki tare maimakon a ware su daban. O-Net ta ba da rahoton cewa a cikin 2015, PTAs a Amurka sun sami matsakaicin albashi na $55,170 kowace shekara ko $26.52 a kowace awa kuma mataimaka/masu fasaha sun sami matsakaicin albashi na $25,120 kowace shekara ko $12.08 a kowace awa a cikin 2015. [56] [57] Ƙungiyar Kula da Lafiyar Jiki ta Amurka ta ba da rahoton ƙimar guraben aiki ga masu ilimin motsa jiki kamar 11.2% a cikin asibitoci masu zaman kansu na marasa lafiya, 10% a wuraren kulawa mai tsanani, da 12.1% a cikin wuraren jinya masu ƙwarewa. APTA ta kuma ba da rahoton ƙimar juzu'i ga masu ilimin motsa jiki kamar 10.7% a cikin asibitoci masu zaman kansu na marasa lafiya, 11.9% a wuraren kulawa mai tsanani, 27.6% a cikin wuraren jinya masu ƙwarewa. [58] [59] [60]

Ma'anoni da buƙatun lasisi a Amurka sun bambanta tsakanin yankuna, kamar yadda kowace jiha ta zartar da dokar aikin tiyatar jiki da ke bayyana sana'ar a cikin ikonta, amma Hukumar Kula da Lafiyar Jiki ta Jiha [61] ta kuma tsara wani tsari don iyakance wannan bambancin. Hukumar Kula da Ingantaccen Ilimi a Ilimin Jinya [62] (CAPTE) ce ke da alhakin amincewa da manhajojin ilimin motsa jiki a duk faɗin Amurka. [63]

Ƙasar Ingila

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

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  1. 1 2 American Physical Therapy Association (17 January 2008). "APTA Background Sheet 2008". American Physical Therapy Association. Archived from the original on 29 May 2008. Retrieved 29 May 2008.
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