Hakkin LGBTQ a Jamaica
 Hakkin LGBTQ a Jamaica | |
|---|---|
| Hakkokin LGBT ta ƙasa ko yanki | |
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙasa | Jamaika |
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, da Queer (LGBTQ) mutane a Jamaica suna fuskantar batutuwan shari'a da zamantakewa waɗanda 'yan ƙasa masu jima'i da cisgender ba su fuskanta ba. Yin jima'i tsakanin ma'aurata na jinsi guda ana hukunta shi ta hanyar doka har zuwa shekaru 10 a kurkuku a kasar. [1][2]
Jamaica ta daɗe tana da ra'ayoyi masu ra'ayin mazan jiya game da luwaɗi, tare da binciken da aka yi kwanan nan da ke nuna cewa yawancin jama'ar Jamaica suna adawa da yarda da luwadi. Yawancin jama'a suna da alaƙa da Kiristanci da ƙungiyar Rastafari, waɗanda dukansu sun ƙarfafa mummunan ra'ayi game da luwadi. Nuna bambanci da tashin hankali ga mutanen LGBTQ sun zama ruwan dare gama gari kuma mutanen LGBTQ a Jamaica galibi suna kasancewa a ɓoye don kauce wa nuna bambanci ko cin zarafi. A shekara ta 2006, mujallar Time ta lakafta Jamaica "wurin da ya fi nuna wariyar launin fata a duniya", kuma a cikin 2013 yawancin mutanen LGBTQ a kasar sun ce suna fuskantar tashin hankali na nuna wariyar jinsi a cikin jama'a. [3]
Gwamnatin Jamaica ta ce a shekarar 2012 cewa "ta himmatu ga daidaito da adalci ga 'yan ƙasa kuma ta tabbatar da cewa duk wani mutum wanda ake zargin an keta hakkokinsa yana da damar neman gyara. " Gwamnati ta kuma yi iƙirarin cewa "babu nuna bambanci na doka ga mutane bisa ga yanayin Jima'i" kodayake akwai yaduwar homophobia da Dokar sodomy (The Offenses Against the Person Act of 1864) wanda har yanzu yana aiki.[4]
Dokoki, manufofi, da kuma kundin tsarin mulkin Jamaica
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Samfuri:Same-sex marriage map Central America
Tarihin aikata laifuka na mutane LGBT
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tsibirin da ke cikin Commonwealth Caribbean sun karɓi dokokin buggery na Birtaniya; duk da haka waɗannan dokoki ba a tsara su sosai a cikin Caribbean kamar yadda suke a cikin Ƙasar Ingila har zuwa Zamanin Victorian. Kafin wannan zamanin, an yi lissafi game da mazaunan tsibirin na Burtaniya da ke shiga sodomy, wanda zai iya danganta da gaskiyar cewa masu mulkin mallaka na farko galibi maza ne. Al'ummomin bayi a Jamaica da sauran yankin Caribbean na Burtaniya sun hada da maza da mata daga Afirka ta Yamma, maza suna neman su ta hanyar masu bautar.[5] A Ingila, Dokar Buggery ta 1861 ta sami 'yanci a shekarar 1967. A wannan lokacin, Jamaica ta riga ta sami 'yancin kanta a 1962, kuma ta haka ne dokar buggery da aka karɓa daga kundin tsarin mulkin Burtaniya, ta kasance ba ta da kyau kuma har yanzu tana aiki har zuwa yau.[6]
Dokoki game da jima'i na jinsi ɗaya: Laifukan da aka yi wa Dokar Mutum (1864)
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Dokokin Jamaica sun aikata laifuka game da matsayin LGBTQ kuma sun aikata laphuka game da halayyar ɗan luwaɗi, gami da Jima'i na baya, jima'i da kowane jima'i tsakanin maza 2 ko mata 2.[4][7] : shafi: 97 Dokar Laifuka akan Mutum (OAPA) ta ba da kamar haka:
Sashe na 76. Laifukan da ba na halitta ba. Duk wanda za a same shi da laifin aikata laifuka, wanda aka aikata ko dai tare da bil'adama ko tare da kowane dabba, za a ɗaure shi kuma a ci gaba da aiki tuƙuru na tsawon lokaci wanda bai wuce shekaru goma ba.[8]
Sashe na 77. Ƙoƙarin. Duk wanda zai yi ƙoƙari ya aikata laifin da aka ambata, ko kuma zai kasance da laifi na duk wani hari da niyyar yin hakan, ko kuma duk wani mummunan hari a kan kowane namiji, zai kasance da laifin aikata laifi, kuma idan aka same shi da shi, zai kasance yana da alhakin ɗaure shi na tsawon lokaci wanda bai wuce shekaru bakwai ba, tare da ko ba tare da aiki mai tsanani ba.[8]
Sashe na 79. Rashin mutunci game da mutunci. Duk wani namiji wanda, a cikin jama'a ko sirri, ya aikata, ko kuma ya kasance wani bangare ne ga kwamiti na, ko sayen ko ƙoƙarin samun kwamiti daga kowane namiji na, duk wani aikin mummunar lalata tare da wani namiji, zai kasance da laifi na laifi, kuma kasancewa da alhakin hakan zai kasance a kan ikon kotun don a ɗaure shi na tsawon lokaci wanda bai wuce shekaru biyu ba, tare da ko ba tare da aiki mai tsanani ba.[8]
OAPA ba ta bayyana "mummunan lalata" ba amma an fassara shi a matsayin "yana nufin kowane irin kusanci na jiki", gami da riƙe hannu kawai. [4]
A cewar Human Rights Watch, ba tare da la'akari da sau da yawa ana yanke wa mutane hukunci game da lalata ko mummunar lalata ba, "kwararrun kansu suna aika saƙo. " Jaridar Jamaica ta buga sunayen mutanen da aka kama saboda waɗannan laifuka, "suna jin kunya da kuma sanya su cikin haɗarin rauni na jiki". [9] Dokar mummunar lalacewa a Sashe na 79 ta sanya mutanen LGBT "masu fuskantar cin hanci daga maƙwabta waɗanda suka yi barazanar kai su ga 'yan sanda a matsayin wani ɓangare na makircin cin zarafi".[3]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "41-year-old Gay Man Was Murdered and Burnt By Unknown Assailants In Jamaica". Archived from the original on 11 November 2013.
- ↑ "Jamaica's Gays: Protection from Homophobes Urgently Needed". Amnesty International, compiled by GayToday.com. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 14 June 2013.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "2012 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Jamaica" (PDF). Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State. pp. 20–22. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 March 2017. Retrieved 25 May 2019. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "State" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Andrew Reding (December 2003). "Sexual Orientation and Human Rights in the Americas" (PDF). World Policy Reports. Project for Global Democracy and Human Rights, World Policy Institute. p. 79. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 July 2012. Retrieved 26 June 2013. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "WPR" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Gaskins Jr, Joseph (2013). "Buggery'and the Commonwealth Caribbean: a comparative examination of the Bahamas, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago" (PDF). Human Rights, Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in the Commonwealth: Struggles for Decriminalisation and Change. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved February 26, 2016.
- ↑ Gaskins Jr, Joseph (2013). "Buggery'and the Commonwealth Caribbean: a comparative examination of the Bahamas, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago" (PDF). Human Rights, Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in the Commonwealth: Struggles for Decriminalisation and Change. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved February 26, 2016.
- ↑ "Chapter VII: Discrimination Based on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity, Report on the Situation of Human Rights in Jamaica, Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, Organization of American States, 2012" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 October 2013. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 "Offenses Against the Person Act" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 January 2013. Retrieved 8 December 2012. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "OAPA" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "Hated to Death". Archived from the original on 29 June 2013. Retrieved 23 May 2015.