Hanna Suchocka
Hanna Stanisława Suchocka (mai suna [ˈxanna suˈxɔt͡ska] i; an haife ta 3 ga Afrilu 1946) 'yar siyasa ce kuma lauya ta Poland wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin Firayim Minista na Poland daga 8 ga Yuli 1992 zuwa 26 ga Oktoba 1993 a lokacin shugabancin Lech Wałęsa . Ita ce mace ta farko da ta rike wannan mukamin a Poland (wanda ya riga ya wuce Ewa Kopacz da Beata Szydło wadanda dukansu suka rike mukamin a cikin shekarun 2010) kuma ita ce mace ta 14 da aka nada kuma ta zama Firayim Minista a duniya.[1]plplpl
Suchocka a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin farfesa a Jami'ar Adam Mickiewicz da ke Poznań da kuma Shugaban Sashen Shari'ar Tsarin Mulki. Har ila yau, ita ce tsohuwar Mataimakin Shugaban kasa na farko kuma Shugaban girmamawa na Hukumar Venice . [2] [3][4]
Rayuwa ta farko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Suchocka a Pleszew, Poland, a cikin iyalin Katolika na likitoci. Kakanta malamin jami'a ne kuma kakarta Anna ta zama memba na majalisar dokokin Poland ta farko don Poznań bayan samun 'yancin kai a 1918 lokacin da mata suka sami damar jefa kuri'a. Suchocka ya tafi makarantar shari'a kuma ya zama mai bincike a Jami'ar Poznań (UAM), inda ya sami digirin digirin digirgir a fannin Shari'ar Tsarin Mulki. Daga baya ta yi aiki a matsayin mai karatu a fannin shari'a a jami'ar Lublin kuma ga mafi yawan rayuwarta ta sana'a a wani wurin makarantar kimiyya ta Poland a Poznań har zuwa 2013. Ta sami izini a UAM a shekarar 2015. [5]
Ayyukan siyasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A shekara ta 1969, ta shiga wata karamar jam'iyyar 'satellite' da ba ta Marxist ba, Jam'iyyar Democrat (SD), kuma ta kasance memba na majalisar dokokin Sejm na Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Poland a 1980-1985. [1] A lokaci guda, ta kasance memba kuma mai ba da shawara kan shari'a ga Solidarity . Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin 'yan majalisa kalilan da ba su jefa kuri'a ba don amincewa da dokar soja a 1981 da kuma aikata laifuka na Solidarity a 1984. Jam'iyyar ta dakatar da ita (ko ta yi murabus), amma tare da goyon bayan Solidarity, an sake zabar ta a majalisa a shekarar 1989. Lokacin da magoya bayan Solidarity suka rabu zuwa jam'iyyun siyasa da yawa, Suchocka ya shiga jam'iyyar Democratic Union (DU) mai sassaucin ra'ayi kuma an sake zabarsa a majalisa a shekarar 1991.
Firayim Minista na Poland (1992-1993)
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ta zama Firayim Minista a shekarar 1992. Gwamnatoci a lokacin sun dogara ne akan hadin gwiwa daban-daban kuma suna canzawa akai-akai. An zabi Suchocka ga mamakin 'yan siyasa maza da yawa amma an san ta da ƙarancin matsayi da shirye-shiryen yin sulhu da inganta sulhu. Mutanen da ke da ƙiyayya ga manyan shugabannin DU na iya karɓar ta. Bugu da kari, a matsayin mai sassaucin ra'ayi, yayin da take adawa da zubar da ciki a matsayin Katolika, bangarorin biyu na bangarorin siyasa na iya karbar ta kuma ta gamsar da bukatun mafi rinjaye a majalisa da ta kunshi jam'iyyu bakwai, gami da Kirista da jam'iyya mai sassaucinni ra'ayi.[6]
Hanna Suchocka ta bayyana cewa gwamnatinta ta kasance don sulhu na zamantakewa kuma za ta jagoranci kasar gaba a cikin canji daga kwaminisanci zuwa jari-hujja. An amince da ita da kuri'u 233 da kuri'un 61 da 113 da suka ƙi. Nan da nan ta kafa majalisar ministoci, amma ba ta haɗa da wasu ministocin mata ba, kodayake tana son su. Babu wani daga cikin abokan haɗin gwiwa da ke son karɓar wata mace kuma ta sami mataimakan firaminista maza biyu. Ta zauna tsawon lokaci a matsayin Firayim Minista fiye da kowane daga cikin wadanda suka riga ta hudu, amma ba ta zauna na dogon lokaci ba. Akwai yunkurin yajin aiki kuma Suchocka ya kasance mai goyon bayan sauye-sauyen kasuwa kuma ya bi layin da ya dace da masu yajin aiki. Lokacin da ba ta ba da karin albashi ga malamai da ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya ba, majalisa ta zartar da kuri'un rashin amincewa da mafi rinjaye na kuri'a daya. Wałęsa ya rushe majalisa kuma ya gudanar da sabon zabe. Kafin farkon Zaben majalisar dokoki na 1993, gwamnatin Suchocka ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya tare da Mai Tsarki See, wanda shine abin zargi na nasarar Democratic Left Alliance, wanda ya soki gaskiyar cewa yarjejeniyar ta sanya hannu a majalisar ministoci ba tare da umarnin majalisa ba. Suchocka ya yi murabus da zaran sabuwar majalisa ta kasance.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Skard, Torild (2014) "Hanna Suchocka" in Women of Power - Half a century of female presidents and prime ministers worldwide, Bristol: Policy Press, ISBN 978-1-44731-578-0
- ↑ Skard, Torild (2014) "Hanna Suchocka" in Women of Power - Half a century of female presidents and prime ministers worldwide, Bristol: Policy Press, ISBN 978-1-44731-578-0
- ↑ "MSZ: Banaszak i Muszyński nowymi członkami Komisji Weneckiej | Aktualności | Polska Agencja Prasowa". www.pap.pl. Retrieved 2016-06-08.
- ↑ "Former Polish PM named honorary president of Venice Commission | News_ | Polish Press Agency". www.pap.pl. Archived from the original on 15 January 2017. Retrieved 2016-06-12.
- ↑ Skard, Torild (2014) "Hanna Suchocka" in Women of Power - Half a century of female presidents and prime ministers worldwide, Bristol: Policy Press, ISBN 978-1-44731-578-0
- ↑ Skard, Torild (2014) "Hanna Suchocka" in Women of Power - Half a century of female presidents and prime ministers worldwide, Bristol: Policy Press, ISBN 978-1-44731-578-0