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Hannun daji

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Hannun daji
Alaafin

- Ajaka
Rayuwa
Haihuwa 13 century
Ƴan uwa
Mahaifi Oduduwa
Abokiyar zama Moremi Ajasoro
Yara
Sana'a
Imani
Addini Regla Osha Ifa afrocubana (en) Fassara

Ọ̀rànmíyàn, wanda aka fi sani da Ọranyan, sanannen sarki ne na Yoruba daga masarautar Ile-Ife, kuma wanda ya kafa Masarautar Benin da Daular Oyo . [1] Kodayake shi ne ƙarami daga cikin zuriyar Oduduwa, ya zama babban magajin Oduduwa a lokacin da ya dawo ya yi ikirarin kursiyin kakansa.[2]

A cewar bayanan farko, ya kafa Oyo a matsayin Alaafin na farko a cikin shekara ta 1300 jim kadan bayan kafa sabon daular a Igodomigodo . Bayan mutuwar Oranmiyan, an yi la'akari da danginsa cewa sun gina dutsen tunawa da aka sani da Staff of Oranmijan - Opa Oranmiyan a cikin yaren Yoruba - a wurin da kakan su ya mutu. Wannan obelisk yana da tsayi 5.5m kuma game da 1.2m a kewayon a gindinsa. A lokacin guguwa a shekara ta 1884 kimanin 1.2m an karya shi daga samansa kuma ya fadi sau biyu kuma an sake gina shi a kowane lokaci. A halin yanzu yana tsaye a cikin wani daji a Mopa, Ile-Ife . Gwaje-gwaje na radiocarbon sun nuna cewa an gina wannan alamar sarauta ƙarni da yawa kafin farkon daular Oduduwa.

Rayuwa ta farko

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ba a san abubuwa da yawa game da yarantakar Oranmiyan ba kuma yawancin bayanai game da rayuwarsa ta farko sun fito ne daga tushe na Ife. An kira shi mutum ne mai iyaye biyu - Oduduwa da Ogun - wanda dukansu suna da dangantaka da mahaifiyarsa Lakange Anihunka (wani bawa da Ogun ya kama a daya daga cikin tafiye-tafiyen yaƙi). Mahaifiyarsa, a wasu fassarar baki, an ce ta fito ne daga Yagba ko Nupe.

Labarin ya kara da rikice-rikice ta hanyar bayyana cewa Oranmiyan yana da sautin biyu a cikin jiki: rabin jikinsa yana da fata mai haske (kamar Ogun), yayin da ɗayan rabin ya kasance baƙar fata (kamar Oduduwa). Daga hangen nesa na kimiyya, wannan bayanin na iya nuna cewa yana da vitiligo. Ko ta yaya, saboda wannan, an ba shi sunan Oranmiyan (ko Oran ni Omo ni yan, wanda ke nufin "Yaron ya zaɓi ya zama mai kawo rigima"). Wani sunansa Odede yana nuna babban mafarauci, wani abu da aka sani da shi a duk rayuwarsa ta farko a Ife. Ya kuma kasance babban jarumi kamar iyayensa biyu. Shi ne Odole Oduduwa na farko (matashi na gidan oduduwa) saboda shi dan sarki ne mai karfi da kuma magana da gaskiya na zuriyar Oduduwa. Ƙarfinsa da baiwarsa a yaƙi ya sa ya ɗauki matsayin kare Ife - wanda ba shi da soja a lokacin - a matsayin Akogun na farko na Ife.

Oranmiyan a Benin

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Rikicin tsakanin masu gudanarwa na Igodomigodo ya tilasta musu su taru don sabon mai mulki. Oranmiyan, wanda Ooni na Ife ya aiko, ya kafa sansani a wani wuri da ake kira Use, ma'ana "yin birni" ko " siyasa". Bayan ya shiga, sai ya fara mulkin Igodomigodo daga can. Sarautarsa a matsayin Oba baƙo ne a cikin salon gudanarwa kuma bai tafi da kyau tare da wasu shugabannin ba, don haka sun aika da wakilai don yin leken asiri a kansa. Duk wannan ya sa Oranmiyan ya bayyana cewa dan ƙasa ne kawai zai iya jimrewa da halin mutanen Igodomigodo. Ya kira ƙasar Ile - Ibinu, ma'ana "Land of Vexation".

Bayan barin Ile-Ibinu (daga baya Ibini, kuma ya lalace zuwa "Benin" ta Portuguese), ya tsaya a takaice a Egor inda ya ɗauki Erinmwide, 'yar Enogie (ko Duke) na Egor, a matsayin matarsa. A sakamakon hadin gwiwarsu, Oranmiyan ya kirkiro sabon daularsa, kuma dansa Eweka zai ci gaba da kafa mulkin mallaka na Benin yadda ya kamata. Wannan daular har yanzu tana mulki a yau.[3]

Oranmiyan a Oyo

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Bayan ya bar Benin a kusan shekara ta 1290, ya koma arewa tare da magoya bayansa masu aminci kuma ya zauna kusa da kogin Moshi (mai ba da gudummawa ga Kogin Neja). Ya kafa wani birni a can, Oyo-Ile, wanda zuriyarsa suka fadada zuwa Daular Oyo.[4] Ya shiga yaƙi da Bariba, maƙwabtanta na kusa a arewa, kuma daga baya ya auri Torosi, yarima Tapa, wacce ta zama mahaifiyar Sango Akata Yẹri-Yẹri. Ya kuma auri Moremi Ajasoro.[5]

Bikin Oranyan

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An fara bikin farko na Oranyan na Fasaha, Al'adu da Yawon Bude Ido a shekarar 2012 ta zuriyarsa kuma magajinsa, Oba Lamidi Adeyemi III na Oyo, wanda ya ba da umarnin cewa daga baya za a yi bikin a kowace shekara tsakanin 8th da 15th ranakun Satumba a Oyo, Najeriya.[6]

  1. "Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria". 9 (3–4). Historical Society of Nigeria (University of California). 1978. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  2. Ogumefu, M. I (1929). "The Staff of Oranyan". Yoruba Legends. Internet Sacred Text Archive. p. 46. Retrieved 2007-01-21.
  3. "The Origins of the Benin Kingship in the Works of Jacob Egharevba". JSTOR (1995).
  4. Falola, Toyin. "The role of Nigerian women | Britannica". www.britannica.com (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-01-28.
  5. Eldred Durosimi Jones; Marjorie Jones (1996). "New Trends & Generations in African Literature: A Review". African Literature Today. James Currey Publishers. 20: 113. ISBN 9780852555200.
  6. "1st Oranyan Festival". Nigerian Tribune. Retrieved 2012-06-21.