Harshen Akuntsu
| Harshen Akuntsu | |
|---|---|
| Lamban rijistar harshe | |
| ISO 639-3 |
aqz |
| Glottolog |
akun1241[1] |
Akuntsu yare ne na Tupian na Brazil.[2] An yi hulɗa ta zaman lafiya tare da Mutanen Akuntsu ne kawai a cikin 1995; masu kiwon shanu sun kashe su a cikin shekarun 1980.
An yi la'akari da cewa ba zai yiwu ba cewa yaren Akuntsu ko al'ada za ta tsira bayan mutuwar sauran mambobin kabilar.[3] Saboda wannan dalili masu kallo da yawa sun bayyana kabilar a matsayin wadanda ke fama da kisan kare dangi. An rage yawan mutanen Kanoê da ke makwabtaka da su ta hanyar hulɗa da mazauna, kamar yadda mutanen wani mutum da aka haɗu da shi kwanan nan yana zaune shi kaɗai a cikin ajiyar Igarapé Omerê wanda a bayyane yake shi kaɗai ne ya tsira daga kabilarsa. [4][5]
Rarraba
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Akuntsu yare ne na Tupian wanda ke cikin iyalin Tupari . Yana da alaƙa da Tuparí, Kepkiriwát, Makuráp, Mekéns, Waratégaya, da Wayoró. Daga cikin wadannan, yana da alaƙa da Mekéns, yana raba kusan 79% na ƙamus.
Fasahar sauti
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Abubuwan da suka dace da Akuntsu sune:
| Biyuwa | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | Rashin murya | p | t | k kw | |
| Magana | b | d | g | ||
| Rashin lafiya | tʃ | ||||
| Hanci | m | n | ŋ | ||
| Flap | ɾ | ||||
| Kusanci | w | j | |||
Velar nasal ba zai iya faruwa da farko ba.
Akwai wasula 5.
| A gaba | Tsakiya | Komawa | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kusa | i | Ƙari | |
| Tsakanin | kuma (ɛ) | o (u) | |
| Bude | a |
Gabaɗaya, ana iya kafa sautin Akuntsu tare da wasali ɗaya (V), kamar a cikin /i'top/ ("duba"); sautin da sautin (CV), misali a cikin /taˈɾa/ ("mai faɗi"); ko ma sautin ɗaya da sautin biyu (CCV, VCC ko CVC), duba /ˈhat/ ("macijin"), /ˈkwini/ ("fork") da /oˈajt/ ("butt"). Daga cikin wadannan, CV shine mafi yawanci.[6]
Yanayin Yanayi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Akwai nau'o'i huɗu na kalmomi a cikin Acuntsú (sunayen, adverbs, adjectives da verbs) da kuma nau'o-nau'i biyar na rufewa (sunayayen, postpositions, idiophones, interjections da barbashi).
Sunaye
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Sunaye suna nufin abubuwan da suka dace (kamar epapap, "wata"). Za su iya ɗaukar ayyukan haɗin kai na muhawara na kalmomi da postpositions, kazalika da kasancewa masu ƙayyadewa ko masu ƙayyaddwa a cikin alaƙar ƙuduri da ƙunshe da ƙwayoyin ƙididdigar suna.
Canjin dangantaka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Canjin dangantaka yana faruwa ta hanyar prefixes waɗanda ke canza sunan. Abinda ke ƙayyade sunayen shine maganganun da ke gaba.
Ba kamar Tuparí da Makuráp ba, duka biyu kuma daga dangin Tuparí, inda prefixes na musamman ke nuna kusanci da rashin kusanci na masu tantancewa, Akuntsu ya bambanta tsakanin sunayen da suka haɗu da ø-allomorph da waɗanda suka haɗu tare da t allomorph. - (wanda ke nuna kusanci na mai ƙayyadewa, wanda ba kusanci ba shine yanayin da ba a san shi ba).
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harshen Akuntsu". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ Aragon 2014.
- ↑ "Akuntsu: The future". Survival International. Archived from the original on 21 December 2010. Retrieved 8 March 2011.
- ↑ Instituto Socioambiental (ISA). "Introduction > Kanoê". Povos Indígenas no Brasil. Retrieved 8 March 2011.
- ↑ Survival International (9 December 2009). "Last survivor of uncontacted Amazon tribe attacked". Retrieved 8 March 2011.
- ↑ Couto, Fábio Pereira; Isidoro, Edineia Aparecida (2018-07-30). "Evidências Acústicas da Laringalização Vocálica na Língua Tuparí". Revista Brasileira de Linguística Antropológica (in Harshen Potugis). 10 (1): 59–74. doi:10.26512/rbla.v10i1.19054. ISSN 2317-1375.