Harshen Japhug

Harshen Japhug
ja phug
Dangin harshen	Sino-Tibetan (en) Burmo-Qiangic (en) Qiangic (en) Gyalrongic (en) Gyalrong (en) Japhug
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	japh1234

Japhug yaren Gyalrong ne da ake magana da shie a gundumar Barkam, Rngaba, Sichuan, a kasar China, a cikin garuruwa uku na Gdong-brgyad ( Chinese ,jya Gsar-rdzong ( Chinese ,jya ) da Da-tshang ( Chinese ,jya ).

Ma'anar harshen Japhug ita ce jya. Sunan Japhug ([jya]; Tibet: ja phug; Sinanci: 茶堡; : ) yana nufin a cikin Japhug zuwa yankin da ya ƙunshi Gsar-rdzong da Da-tshang, yayin da na Gdong-brgyad kuma an san shi da jya (Jacques 2004), amma masu magana da Situ Gyalrong suna amfani da wannan sunan don komawa ga dukan yankin da ake magana da Japhug.

Fasahar sauti

Japhug ita ce kawai yaren Gyalrong mara sauti. Yana da ƙwayoyin 49 da wasula bakwai.

Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi

Alamar /w/ tana da allophones [β] da [f].

Ana gane phoneme /ʁ/ a matsayin Fricative na epiglottal a cikin coda ko gaba da wani consonant.

Ana nazarin sassan da aka tsara a matsayin raka'a saboda dalilai biyu. Na farko, akwai sautin /, kamar yadda yake a cikin /oɕna / "babban gizo-gizo", amma babu sautin / ko / sautin / sautin. Na biyu, akwai tarin fricatives da kuma dakatarwar murya, kamar yadda yake a cikin / zambar / "willow", amma ba a taɓa yin tarin fricatives ba da kuma dakatar da murya ba.

Japhug ya bambanta tsakanin palatal plosives da velar plosive + j jerin, kamar a cikin /co/ "kwari" vs. /kjo/ "drag". Wadannan duka sun bambanta da alveolo-palatal affricates.

Akwai akalla 339 consonant clusters a Japhug (Jacques 2008:29), fiye da a Tsohon Tibet ko a yawancin Indo-Turai harsuna. Wasu daga cikin wadannan tarin ba su da yawa: ban da tarin da aka ambata a baya na fricatives da kuma tsayawa, akwai tarin inda kashi na farko shine semivowel, kamar a cikin /jla / "haɗe-haɗe na yak da saniya".