Harshen Larabci na Berber

Harshen Larabci na Berber;
Type	Arabic-script alphabet (en)
Parent systems	Hotunan Masar; Proto-Sinaitic (en) ; Phoenician script (en) ; Imperial Aramaic alphabet (en) ; Nabataean script (en) ; Baƙaƙen larabci; Harshen Larabci na Berber; ; ; ; ; ; ;

Harshen Larabci na Berber (Berber) haruffa ne na Larabci wanda aka yi amfani da shi don rubuta Harsunan Berber daban-daban a Zamanin Tsakiya. A zamanin yau masu amfani sun koma ko dai haruffa na Tifinagh a Maroko, ^[1] ko haruffa Latin na Berber a Aljeriya.

Tarihi

Harshen Larabci ya shiga Maghreb tare da mamayar Musulmi na Maghreb, godiya ga kafa makarantun Kur'ani. An buga rubuce-rubuce da yawa game da tauhidin, shari'a, da kimiyya kuma an fassara su cikin Berber, tare da rubutun daban-daban dangane da marubucin. Yankunan da suka fi amfani da rubutun, wato Kabylia (يگواون), Souss (سوس), da Mzab (الواد نمزاب ko الواد نم́اب), sune yankunan da sukafi amfani da wannan haruffa: na farko (Kabylia) godiya ga cibiyoyin sadarwa na Sufi Zaouias, na ƙarshe saboda al'adun Almoravid, kuma na ƙarshe saboda Rostemids. An yi amfani da rubutun da ya dace a cikin 'yan rubutun Berber da suka wanzu daga ƙarni na 11 zuwa 14 AZ. Wadannan an rubuta su ne a cikin tsohuwar yaren Berber wanda zai iya kasancewa da alaƙa da Tashelhiyt. An rubuta ma'anar 'g' tare da jīm (ج) ko kāf (ک), ẓ tare da ṣād (ص) ko kuma wani lokacin zāy (ز) da ḍ tare da ṭāʼ (ط), to, waɗannan haruffa sun samo asali, an rubuta sautin /g/ bisa ga yankuna a matsayin ک a Maroko, غ a kan tsaunuka da ق a tsakiyar da gabashin Maghreb, sannan waɗannan haruffan sun samo asali ne a cikin Con, ڠ da ːz don rubuta wannan sautin, kamar yadda aka samo asali a matsayin ض. An rubuta sautin a, i, u a matsayin sautin da ke da tsawo ‹ā›, ‹ī›, ‹ū›. Kalmomin karshe wāw yawanci ana tare da alif al-wiqāyah . Alamun sautin fatḥah ko kasrah suna wakiltar sautin shwa /ə/ wanda ya ɓace a cikin yaren post-medieval, misali tuwərmin ‹tūwarmīn› (تووَرمين) 'haɗin kai, magana'. Labialization na iya wakiltar ḍammah, misali tagwərsa ‹tāgursā› (تاكُرسا) 'ploughshare'. Gabatarwa, abubuwan da suka dace da irin su ana rubuta su a matsayin kalmomi daban-daban. Littattafan zamani na tsakiya suna nuna archaisms da yawa a cikin phonology, morphology, da lexicon.

Rubuce-rubuce da Codification

A cikin tarihi, ba a taɓa tsara haruffa na Larabawa-Berber ba, kuma marubuta sun yi amfani da rubutun Larabci ko, don wasu tsoffin takardu, haruffa ta Perso-Arabic. An yi ƙoƙari mai sauƙi a tsawon lokaci don rubuta Berber a Larabci, amma a banza. Wannan yafi saboda jahilci da rashin sha'awar rubuce-rubuce tsakanin kabilun Berber, musamman Zenata (يزناتن). Koyaya, saboda rashin iyawar yawancin jama'a don fahimtar da karanta Larabci, kodayake yawancin su sun halarci makarantun Alkur'ani kuma sun koyi alamun Larabci. Malamai da masu ilimi sun fara rubuta littattafai a cikin Berber (yayinda yawancin littattafai suna cikin Larabci), tare da misalai masu yawa na ƙarin haruffa da ainihin tsari. Ba har zuwa ƙarshen karni na 19 ba ne aka tsara haruffa na Larabawa-Berber

Manazarta

↑ Larbi, Hsen (2003). "Which Script for Tamazight, Whose Choice is it ?". Amazigh Voice (Taghect Tamazight). New Jersey: Amazigh Cultural Association in America (ACAA). 12 (2). Retrieved December 17, 2009.

[choice-1] Larbi, Hsen (2003). "Which Script for Tamazight, Whose Choice is it ?". Amazigh Voice (Taghect Tamazight). New Jersey: Amazigh Cultural Association in America (ACAA). 12 (2). Retrieved December 17, 2009.

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