Harshen Marringarr

Harshen Marringarr
Dangin harshen	abu; abstract entity (en) ; languoid (en) ; language (en) ; human language (en) ; indigenous language (en) ; Australian Aboriginal languages (en) ; Non-Pama-Nyungan (en) ; Harsunan Yammacin Daly; Bringen (en) ; Harshen Marringarr; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	mari1418

Harshen Maringa' ('Marri Ngarr, Marenggar, Maringa) yare ne na asalin Australiya wanda ake magana a arewa maso yammacin gabar tekun Arewacin Yankin .

Marti Ke (Magati Ke, Matige, Magadige, Mati Ke, kuma Magati-ge, Magati Gair) yana cikin wannan rukunin harshe. Mutanen Mati Ke ne ko kuma sun yi magana da shi. Ya zuwa shekarar 2020 an haɗa shi a cikin aikin farfado da harshe wanda ke da niyyar adana harsuna masu haɗari.

Yankin da aka rarraba

An yi magana da yaren a Yankin Arewa, Wadeye, tare da Tekun Timor, bakin tekun kudu daga Kogin Moyle zuwa Port Keats, kudu maso yammacin Darwin. ^[2]

Dattawan Marringarr guda uku waɗanda suka kasance sanannun masu magana da Magati Ke (2007)

Dangane da Bayanan Harshe, tun daga shekara ta 2005 harshen Mati Ke yana da yawan mutane uku (Patrick Nudjulu, Johnny Chula, Agatha Perdjert).^[3] Masu magana da Mati Ke da farko sun sauya zuwa amfani da Turanci da harshen Aboriginal mai tasowa Murrinh-Patha . ^[4] Yawan ƙabilanci kusan 100, kuma akwai masu amfani da harshe na biyu 50.

Kamar yadda harshe kusan ba ya wanzu har zuwa yau, masana harsuna suna aiki akan tattara bayanai da yin rikodin muryoyin sauran masu magana.

Aikin farfado da harshe

Ya zuwa shekarar 2020, Mati Ke yana ɗaya daga cikin harsuna 20 da aka ba da fifiko a matsayin wani ɓangare na Shirin Taimako na Harsuna na Farko na Ostiraliya kuma Ma'aikatar Sadarwa da Fasaha ce ke tallafawa. Shirin yana da niyyar "bayyanawa da kuma rubuta harsunan da ke cikin haɗari - waɗancan harsunan waɗanda kaɗan ko babu takardun da suka wanzu, inda ba a taɓa yin rikodin ba, amma inda akwai masu magana da rai".^[5]

Fasahar sauti

Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi

		Labari	Dental	Alveolar	Retroflex	Palatal	Velar
Dakatar da	<small id="mwcQ">ba tare da murya ba</small>	p	t̪	t	(Sai)	c	k
Dakatar da	<small id="mwew">murya</small>	b		d	(ɖ)
Fricative		β			Sanya	Sanya	ɣ
Hanci		m		n	Ƙarshen	ɲ	ŋ
Hanyar gefen				l	(Sai)
Rhotic				r	Sanya
Kusanci		w				j

/p/ kuma ana iya jin sa a matsayin fricative na bilabial a cikin matsayi na intervocalic.
/c/ kuma ana iya jin sa a matsayin fricative [ʒ] a cikin matsayi na intervocalic.
/r/ kuma ana iya jin sautin [ɾ], kuma ana iya gane shi a matsayin a cikin matsayin sautunan da ba su da murya.
Sauti /t, d, l/ sau da yawa ana iya gane su azaman sautunan retroflex lokacin da suke bin wasula ba na gaba ba.
/t̪/ kuma ana iya jin sa a matsayin fricative [ð] a cikin matsayi na intervocalic.
/β/ kuma ana iya jin sa a matsayin mara murya, a wurare daban-daban na farko.

Sautin sautin

	A gaba	Komawa
Babba	i	u
Tsakanin	ɛ
Ƙananan	ɐ ~ æ

Sauti /i, u/ suna da allophones na [ɪ, ʊ] a cikin kalma-tsakiya da matsayi mara damuwa. Ana jin su galibi a matsayin [i, u] a cikin matsayi na damuwa, a cikin matsayi-ƙarshe ko bin sautunan sautin.
/u/ za a iya gane shi a matsayin [ɔ] lokacin da aka riga ko kuma ya biyo bayan ma'anar kewaye. Lokacin da ya riga ya wuce ma'anar baki, ana gane shi azaman diphthong [ɔɪ].
/ɐ/ sau da yawa ana jin sa a matsayin [æ] lokacin da yake bin sautin baki. Lokacin da ya riga ya wuce ma'anar palatal, ana gane shi azaman diphthong [aɪ].

Harshen harshe

Kalmomin suna da iyaka, saboda haka dangantaka da matsayi na kalmomin suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar ma'anar ginin bisa ga halin da ake ciki. Harshen polysynthetic ne. Marringarr kuma ya ƙunshi ergativity, wanda kuma aka yi alama da postposition -ŋarrin .

Rarrabawar sunaye ya zama ainihin harshen da ke samar da fahimtar duniya ga masu magana da ita. Akwai nau'o'i 10 da suka hada da: itatuwa, abubuwa na katako da abubuwa masu tsawo; kayan aiki da na halitta; kayan lambu; makamai da walƙiya; wurare da lokutan; dabbobi; halittu mafi girma kamar ruhohi da mutane, da magana da harsuna.

Kundin suna	Rarraba
itatuwa, abubuwa na katako da abubuwa masu tsawo	thawurr
halittu mafi girma	Ni
Dabbobi	a
kayan ƙera da na halitta	Harshen
kayan lambu	Ni

Kalmomin da aka zaɓa

Maringarr	Turanci
mi bakulin	gashin gashi na billygoat
Harshen Marri	cycad
a marri	kwari na daji
a wayelh	Goanna lizard
Dhan gi	prawn na ruwan gishiri

Manazarta

↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harshen Marringarr". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
↑ "Marti Ke". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2015-12-14.
↑ "The Language Database - Mati Ke". www.hermanboel.eu. Archived from the original on 2015-12-22. Retrieved 2015-12-14.
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :0
↑ "Priority Languages Support Project". First Languages Australia. Archived from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 13 January 2020.

Haɗin waje

Marri Ngarr a Shafin yanar gizon Dalylanguages.org.

[Glottolog-1] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harshen Marringarr". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

[2] "Marti Ke". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2015-12-14.

[3] "The Language Database - Mati Ke". www.hermanboel.eu. Archived from the original on 2015-12-22. Retrieved 2015-12-14.

[:0-4] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :0

[5] "Priority Languages Support Project". First Languages Australia. Archived from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 13 January 2020.

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