Harshen Sandawe

Harshen Sandawe
'Yan asalin magana	40,000
Dangin harshen	Harsunan Khoisan Harshen Sandawe
Baƙaƙen rubutu	Baƙaƙen boko
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-2	sad
ISO 639-3	sad
Glottolog	sand1273

Sandawe yare ne da kusan mutane 60,000 ke magana a Yankin Dodoma na Tanzania . Amfani da Sandawe na dannawa, wani fasalin da ba a saba gani ba tare da wasu harsuna biyu na Gabashin Afirka, Hadza da Dahalo, sun kasance tushen rarraba shi a matsayin memba na tsohuwar Iyalin Khoisan na Kudancin Afirka tun Albert Drexel a cikin 1920s. An ba da shawarar, duk da haka, cewa Sandawe na iya kasancewa da alaƙa da Iyalin Khoe, ba tare da la'akari da ingancin Khoisan gaba ɗaya ba (G промеemann 2010). Ana iya samun tattaunawa game da rarraba harshe na Sandawe a cikin Sands (1998).

Amfani da harshe yana da ƙarfi tsakanin manya da yara, tare da mutane a wasu yankuna suna da yare ɗaya. Sandawe tana da yare biyu, arewa maso yamma da kudu maso gabas. Bambance-bambance sun haɗa da saurin magana, saukowar wasali, wasu kalmomi masu haramtacce, da ƙananan bambance-bambancen ƙamus da na nahawu. Wasu Alagwa da Kw'adza sun koma Sandawe, kuma yanzu sun kafa takamaiman dangin tsakanin su.

Fasahar sauti

Sautin sautin

Shafin wasula na Sandawe, daga Eaton (2006:237)

	A gaba	Komawa
Kusa	i	u
Tsakanin	e	o
Bude	a

Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi

Glyphs a cikin Shaanbrackets shine rubutun da Hunziker da Hunzikers suka haɓaka, tare da kusan kwatankwacin su a cikin IPA.

		Labial	Coronal		Palatal	Velar	Glottal
				Sibilant
Nasal		m ⟨m⟩	n ⟨n⟩
Plosive and Affricate	Voiced	b ⟨b⟩	d ⟨d⟩	dʒ ~ dz ⟨dz⟩	ɟ͜ʎ̝ ⟨dl⟩	ɡ ⟨g⟩
	Tenuis	p ⟨bp⟩	t ⟨dt⟩	tʃ ~ ts ⟨tc⟩	c͜𝼆 ⟨tl⟩	k ⟨gk⟩	ʔ ⟨ʼ⟩
	Aspirated	pʰ ⟨p⟩	tʰ ⟨t⟩	tʃʰ ~ tsʰ ⟨tch⟩		kʰ ⟨k⟩
	Ejective		tsʼ ⟨tsʼ⟩		c͜𝼆ʼ ⟨tlʼ⟩	kʼ ⟨kʼ⟩
Fricative		f ⟨f⟩	ɬ ⟨lh⟩	s ⟨s⟩		x ⟨kh⟩	h ⟨h⟩
Rhotic			ɾ ⟨r⟩
Approximant			l ⟨l⟩		j ⟨y⟩	w ⟨w⟩