Harshen Savosavo
| Harshen Savosavo | |
|---|---|
| |
| Lamban rijistar harshe | |
| ISO 639-3 |
svs |
| Glottolog |
savo1255[1] |
 | |
Savo yare ne mai haɗari wanda ake magana a Savo, wani ƙaramin tsibirin dutsen wuta a arewacin Guadalcanal a Tsibirin Solomon . Savosavo yana daya daga cikin yarukan Solomon na Tsakiya, waɗanda Harsunan Papua ne, ba kamar yawancin harsunan da ke kusa ba, waɗanda membobin reshen Oceanic ne na dangin yaren Austronesian. Akwai kusan masu magana da Savosavo 3,000, kuma shine harshen Papuan mafi gabashin Pacific. Harshen Papuan mafi kusa da Savosavo shine Tsakiyar Solomon Lavukaleve, wanda ake magana a Tsibirin Russell zuwa yamma. Sauran harsunan makwabta sune Bughotu, Ghari, da Lengo, Bughotu yana arewa, yayin da Ghari da Lengo ke kudu, kuma ana magana da su a Guadalcanal.[2]
Masu magana
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Masu magana a kan Savo an san su da masu aikin gona. Abincin lambu da 'ya'yan itace sune babban tushen abinci yayin da kifi, kaza, da shinkafa suka cika abincin gaba ɗaya. Shinkafa kuma muhimmiyar kaya ce, amma dole ne a saya kuma ba a shuka shi a Savo ba. Mutane da yawa a kan Savo ba su da aikin biyan kuɗi na yau da kullun. Don samun kudin shiga, suna sayar da kayayyaki kamar wake ko kayan lambu a kasuwannin gida ko a babban birnin Honiara.[2]
Halin dangin suna da mahimmanci ga mutanen Savo, saboda ya zama Ƙungiyar zamantakewa. An san shugaba na dangi a matsayin 'shugaba' kuma akwai daya ga kowane ɗayan dangi shida a Savo. Wadannan shugabannin duk suna cikin Gidan Shugabannin Savo Ghizi Kato kuma suna da mahimmanci a matakan gida. Ƙungiyoyin shida sune Ghaubata, Kakau, Lakuili, Kiki, Tanakidi, da Zoqo. Ƙasa a Savo mallakar dangin ne ba mutane ba. Kowane memba na dangin yana da haƙƙin wani yanki na ƙasa, amma dole ne a haɗa shi da kakannin mahaifiyarsa.[2]
An san Lardin Tsakiya da mafi ƙarancin ƙwarewa a cikin tsibirin Solomon. A sakamakon haka, ilimin harsuna kamar Savosavo karami ne. Ba a amfani da yaren a rubuce-rubuce, tunda yawancin mutane suna wucewa ne kawai ta 'yan shekaru na makaranta. Ana amfani da Savosavo a cikin ƙananan yanayi kamar haruffa, bayanin kula, da sanarwa ga jama'a.
Fasahar sauti
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Savosavo yana da wasula biyar da ƙwayoyi 17. Wasula ba su da bambancin tsawo, kuma wasula /e/, /i/, /o/, da /u/ sun bambanta da yardar rai tsakanin allophones daban-daban.
Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gabaɗaya akwai wurare huɗu da hanyoyi shida na magana don ƙamus.
Akwai tashoshin murya guda uku: /p/, /t/, da /k/ da tashoshin sauti guda huɗu: /b/, /d/, /ɟ/ da /g/ .
| Farko | Tsakanin labarai | |
|---|---|---|
| shafi na:b | puzu 'kwatangwalo'
buzu 'ya'yan itace' |
kapu 'don cikawa'
kabu 'don gudu' |
| p:v | pazu 'shafin dabino'
vazu 'zuwa bud' |
Saɓ 'don bi'
ceto 'ƙarshen' |
| b:v | boli 'ƙwanƙwasawa'
v-li-li 'don sayen' |
"Lab" maɓallin ciki
lavu 'wuri' |
| b:m | barata 'dutse'
Marara 'don yin haske' |
kaba 'shell'
kama 'arfin hannu' |
| t:d | Tadu 'mutum'
dada 'don jin tsoro' |
pata-li 'don raba igiya'
Pad-li-li 'don ƙidaya' |
| d:n | bayanai 'a waje'
nata 'yanki mai laushi' |
Vudu 'aboki)
Vun-li-li 'don ƙanshi' |
| d:r | doi 'duniya'
sarki 'don nutsewa' |
Babu wani abu da ya faru
kuro 'pot' |
| r:l | raju 'mataki na ƙasa'
l-Aju 'don gama' |
kuro 'pot'
kulo 'yan teku' |
| r:n | Rat 'don zama mai santsi'
nata 'yanki mai laushi' |
ura 'crayfish'
'Zafin' |
| s:z | Sala 'don bi'
zala-li 'don neman' |
posovata 'yellow'
pozogho 'ƙasa' |
| g:ng | q-li-li 'don rufewa'
ngasi 'don zama mai wuya' |
koq-li-li 'don gina matakai'
kong-li-li 'don bauta' |
Sautin sautin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wasula ba su da bambancin tsawo, kuma wasula /e/, /i/, /o/ da /u/ sun bambanta da yardar rai tsakanin allophones daban-daban.
Ba a ba da izinin jerin wasula iri ɗaya a Savosavo ba. Duk sauran jerin an yarda da su.
- a da e - ae (don yin aure)
- e da a - onea (don sauraro)
- i da o - pio (mutum)
- o da e - Dodoe (4th gen dangi)
- u da i - koi (takwas)
| Farko | Ƙarshe | |
|---|---|---|
| a:e:i | ya ce 'mu'
misali 'Ngali nut tree' ighe 'kwanan nan' |
Kathaa 'bushwards'
k-ate 'don riƙe' kati 'bushwards' |
| o:u | ora 'don ƙonewa'
ura 'crayfish' |
kao 'bushwards'
K-au 'don ɗaukar' |
Rubutun kalmomi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Harshen Savosavo yana da sautuna 5 (a, e, i, o, u) da kuma ƙwayoyi 17 (b, d, g, gh, j, k, l, m, n, gn, ng, p, r, s, t, v, z). Wannan shi ne rubutun Anglican. A cikin rubutun Katolika, an rubuta G Q, kuma an rubuta Gh G. A wasu rubutun, an rubuta Gn Ñ, kuma an buga Ng N̄ . [3]
Harshen harshe
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kalmomin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kalmomin yawanci suna nuna lokaci, fasalin da yanayi. Su ne mafi girman kalma a Savosavo, suna da kashi 47% na jimlar kalma. Akwai nau'ikan aikatau guda uku a cikin Savosavo .
Kalmomin da ke wucewa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Magana mai wucewa yana da alamar abu. Wadannan kalmomi yawanci sun yarda da abin da suke da shi a cikin mutum (lambar) kuma a cikin mutum na uku (jima'i) ta amfani da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadadden ƙayyadamuran, prefixes, da gyare-gyaren tushe.
- Tushen da ke ɗaukar duka prefixes da suffixes:
- l-ave-li 'don kashe'
- l-ogho-li 'don cika'
- l-ova-li 'don cinyewa'
- l-ogha-li 'don mallaka'
- l-ame-li 'don bayarwa'
- l-esgangi-li 'don cinyewa'
- Tushen da ke nuna gyare-gyare
- Sala 'don bi'
- solo 'don jefa'
- pala 'don yin'
- kwallon 'don harbi'
- Tushen da ke ɗaukar ƙayyadaddun kalmomi kawai:
- aghi-li 'don ja'
- jura-li-li 'don fashewa'
- rami-li 'don harbi'
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harshen Savosavo". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Individual Research Activities". Oceanic Linguistics. 1 (1): 12–28. 1962. doi:10.2307/3622765. JSTOR 3622765.
- ↑ "Savosavo Language, Alphabet and Pronunciation". omniglot.com. Retrieved 2018-06-07.