Harshen Ulithian

Harshen Ulithian
	yal’ool Yiuldiy
Dangin harshen	Austronesian (en) ; Malayo-Polynesian (en) ; Nuclear Malayo-Polynesian (en) ; Harsunan Malay-Polynesian na Tsakiya da Gabas; Eastern Malayo-Polynesian (en) ; Oceanic (en) ; Central–Eastern Oceanic (en) ; Micronesian (en) ; Chuukic–Pohnpeic (en) ; Chuukic (en) ; Harshen Ulithian; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Baƙaƙen rubutu	Baƙaƙen boko
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-3	uli
Glottolog	ulit1238

Ulithian shine yaren da ake magana a Ulithi Atoll da tsibirai makwabta. Ulithian yana ɗaya daga cikin harsuna shida na Tarayyar Tarayyar Micronesia . Akwai wasu masu magana 3,000, kodayake 700 ne kawai daga cikin waɗannan ke zaune a Ulithi Atoll.

A cikin 2010, Habele, wata ƙungiyar agaji ta Amurka ce ta buga ƙamus na Ulithian – Turanci da Ingilishi – Ulithian. Manufar marubutan ita ce samar da daidaitaccen tsari mai dacewa na rubutun haruffan Romawa mai amfani ga masu magana da harshen Ulithian na asali da na Ingilishi.

Gabatarwa

Tarihi

Ulithian yare ne da ake magana a Micronesia . Takamaiman tsibirai da ake magana da Ulithian sune Ulithi, Ngulu, Sorol, Tsibirin Fais da Tsibirin Gabashin Caroline. Har ila yau, akwai wasu masu magana da za a iya samu a Amurka. Ulithian yana da kusan masu magana 3039, 700 daga cikinsu suna zaune a Ulithi kanta. Yawancin sauran harsunan Pacific da ake magana a tsibirai da ke kewaye da su suna kama da Ulithian wanda ke sauƙaƙa wasu su fahimta. A wata hanya, yare ne na duniya don yankin.^[2] Mutanen da ke zaune a ciki da kewayen Ulithi an rarraba su a matsayin Micronesians. Bayyanarsu sun bambanta sosai saboda dukkan mutane daban-daban da suka ratsa yankin a tsawon lokaci.^[2] Ulithi tana da dimokuradiyya mai karfi tare da sarki da sunan da mutane suka zabe.^[2] Saboda an san yaren Ulithian sosai, yana da matsayi mai kyau a cikin tsibirai. Har ila yau, yana ɗaya daga cikin harsuna shida na hukuma a cikin Tarayyar Tarayyar Micronesia .

Fasahar sauti

Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi

	Biyuwa		Hanci da hakora<br id="mwNQ">	Dental	Alveolar		Palatal	Velar
	fili	<small id="mwQw">Lab.</small>	Hanci da hakora<br id="mwNQ">	Dental	fili	<small id="mwSA">Abin baƙin ciki.</small>	Palatal	Velar
Hanci	m	mʷ				n̻		ŋ
Plosive	p					t̻	tɕ	k
Fricative		βʷ	f	ð	s		(Lalle ne)	x
Trill					r
Kusanci		w			l		j

Sautin sautin

Ulithian yana da wasula takwas wanda shine babban adadin ga harshen Pacific, yana kirkirar abubuwa daga tsohuwar tsarin wasula guda biyar a cikin Proto-Oceanic. Su ne /i/, /u/, /e/, /ə/, /o/, /ɔ/, /æ/, /a/. Ana rubuta su a cikin, a cikin,, a cikin.^[3]

Harshen harshe

Maimaitawa

Ana iya amfani da cikakken reduplication a hanyoyi da yawa. Ana iya amfani da shi don nuna motsin rai mai ƙarfi, alal misali, sig yana nufin 'kishirwa' kuma sigsig yana nufin 'gajeren lokaci' ko 'mai sauƙi ya tashi'. Hakanan ana iya amfani dashi don irin waɗannan abubuwa; alal misali, bbech yana nufin 'launi fari', kuma bbechbbech shine 'haske' ko 'haskakawar rana'.^[4]

Manazarta

↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harshen Ulithian". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 The Armed Forces Radio Station 1945.
↑ Sohn & Bender 1973.
↑ Mellen & Uwel 2005.

[Glottolog-1] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harshen Ulithian". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

[FOOTNOTEThe_Armed_Forces_Radio_Station1945-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 The Armed Forces Radio Station 1945.

[FOOTNOTESohnBender1973-3] Sohn & Bender 1973.

[FOOTNOTEMellenUwel2005-4] Mellen & Uwel 2005.

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