Harsunan Benin
 Rukuni:Harsunan Benin | |
|---|---|
languages of a country (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
languages of the Earth (en) |
| Bangare na |
culture of Benin (en) |
| Ƙasa | Benin |
Benin ƙasa ce mai banbanci a harsuna.[1] Daga cikin waɗannan, Faransanci shine harshen hukuma, kuma yawancin harsunan asali ana ɗaukar su Harsunan ƙasa.[2]
Benin ƙasa ce mai magana da Faransanci, kuma a cikin 2023, mutane miliyan 4.6 ne ke magana da Farisanci daga cikin miliyan 13.7 (33.68%). [3]
Daga cikin yarukan Beninese, Fon (harshe na Gbe) da Yoruba sune mafi mahimmanci a kudancin kasar. A arewa akwai harsuna biyu masu mahimmanci na yanki, gami da Bariba (harshe na Gur) da Fulfulde.
Ilimi ga kurame a Benin yana amfani da Harshen Kurame na Amurka, wanda kurma na Amurka mai wa'azi Andrew Foster ya gabatar.
Halin Harsuna da yawa na al'ummar Beninese ana nuna shi da yawan harsuna ake magana, bambancin kabilanci da harshe, rarraba amfani da harshe (inda ake amfani da Faransanci a hukumance da sauran harsuna ana amfani da su a wasu fannoni na aiki), da kuma gaskiyar cewa yawancin Beninese polyglots ne.
Faransanci
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Harshen hukuma na Benin shine Faransanci, bisa ga taken I, labarin I na Kundin Benin" id="mwOA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Constitution of Benin">Tsarin Mulki na Benin. An gabatar da Faransanci a Lokacin mulkin mallaka kuma an riƙe shi a matsayin harshen hukuma a kan 'yancin kai. A yau yana da mahimmanci tsakanin kabilun daban-daban.[4] A cewar Ethnologue, mutane miliyan 3.8 ne ke magana da shi (2016) daga cikin yawan jama'a sama da miliyan 10. Ga mafi yawan masu magana da Faransanci a Benin shine yare na biyu.[5]
Yana da mahimmanci a san Faransanci don samun matsayi na gudanarwa ko aiki a cikin birane gabaɗaya, kuma magana alama ce ta daraja. Dangane da binciken da Amadou Sanni da Mahouton Atodjinou suka yi a shekarar 2012, an kiyasta cewa Benin za ta kasance gaba ɗaya Francophone nan da shekara ta 2060. Marubutan sun lura cewa, a shekara ta 2002, kashi 43 cikin dari na maza suna magana da yaren idan aka kwatanta da kashi 25.8 cikin dari na mata. A shekara ta 2002, fiye da rabin mazaunan Cotonou suna magana da Faransanci.[6]
Harsunan ƙasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Dangane da taken II, Mataki na 11 na Kundin Tsarin Mulki, duk al'ummomin da suka hada da al'ummar Benin za su ji daɗin 'yancin amfani da yarensu da aka rubuta da kuma bunkasa al'adunsu yayin da suke girmama na wasu, kuma Jiha dole ne ta inganta ci gaban harsunan sadarwa na kasa.
Fon shine yaren asalin da aka fi magana da shi, wanda kashi 24% na yawan jama'a ke magana. Ita ce yare na farko na fiye da 17% na yawan mutanen Benin.[7] Ana magana da yaren ne a cikin sassan Atlantique, Littoral, Collines da Zou.
Other important languages are Yoruba, Bariba, Mina, Dendi, Mokole, Yom, and Aja. Benin implemented a National Literacy and Adult Education Policy, which allowed adult speakers of national languages to use their languages for cultural advancement.[8]
Rubutun kalmomi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ma'aikatar Ilimi da Inganta Harsunan Kasa (Ministère de l'Alphabétisation et de la Promotion des langues nationales) da Cibiyar Nazarin Harsuna ta Kasa (Centre national de linguistique appliquée) sun tsara rubutun harsuna na ƙasar kuma suna sabuntawa lokaci-lokaci.
Harshen haruffa na yau da kullun na harsunan ƙasa na Benin ya dogara ne akan haruffa Latin, tare da ƙara haruffa Ɓ ɓ, Ɖ ɖ, Ɗ ɗ, Ɛ ɛ, ̆ ̆ ♡ ̆ ♂ ̆ ン ̆ ː ̆ ʊ, ̆, ̆ Ana amfani da alamun diacritical don yin alama da sautin nasalization:
Harsunan waje
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]English is studied as a foreign language in secondary schools. There is a high demand for English teachers in Benin. English is emerging as an important language of trade in Benin due to its being the national tongue of Benin's regionally powerful neighbour Nigeria.
Haɗin waje
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/country/Benin Archived 2025-08-04 at the Wayback Machine
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Benin". Ethnologue. Retrieved 19 October 2016.
- ↑ (in French) LaClerc, Jacques Bénin" dans L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde, Québec, TLFQ, Université Laval, 1 Feb 2010 (accessed 2 Nov 2012)
- ↑ "Accueil-Francoscope".
- ↑ "Les formes de français à Cotonou". Oridev.org (in Faransanci). Archived from the original on 9 March 2008. Retrieved 19 October 2016.
- ↑ "Benin". Ethnologue (in Turanci). Retrieved 2019-01-06.
- ↑ "La langue française dans le monde, Édition 2014". Francophonie.org (in Faransanci). p. 7. Archived from the original on 2015-07-02. Retrieved 2016-10-17.
- ↑ "Benin Description". Elan Afrique. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2016.
- ↑ "The Languages Spoken in Benin". Study Country. EU Business School. Retrieved 19 October 2016.