Harsunan Tungusic

Harsunan Tungusic
Linguistic classification	abu; abstract entity (en) ; languoid (en) ; language (en) ; human language (en) ; Harsunan Tungusic; ; ; ; ; ;
ISO 639-5	tuw
Glottolog	tung1282

'Harsunan Tungus' (/ HTMLˈɡʊsɪk/; wanda aka fi sani da Manchu-Tungus da Tungus) sun samar da dangin harshe da ake magana a Gabashin Siberia da Manchuria ta Mutanen Tungusic. Yawancin harsunan Tungusic suna cikin haɗari. Akwai kusan masu magana da harsuna 75,000 na harsuna masu rai da yawa na dangin yaren Tungusic. Kalmar "Tungusic" ta fito ne daga sunan waje ga Mutanen Evenk (Ewenki) da Yakuts ("harshe") suka yi amfani da su.

Rarraba

Masana ilimin harshe da ke aiki a kan Tungusic sun ba da shawarar rarrabuwa daban-daban bisa ga ka'idoji daban-daban, gami da halaye na morphological, lexical, da phonological. Wasu malamai sun soki tsarin bishiyoyi na rarraba Tungusic kuma suna jayayya cewa dogon tarihin hulɗa tsakanin harsunan Tungusic ya sa aka fi bi da su a matsayin ci gaba da yaren.^[2]

arewa da reshe na kudu (Georg 2004) kodayake rassan biyu ba su da rarrabuwa, kuma rarraba ƙungiyoyi na tsakiya yana da muhawara.

Hölzl (2018), wato Ewenic, Udegheic, Nanaic, da Jurchens sun gane ƙungiyoyi huɗu na matsakaici.

Population distribution of total speakers of Tungusic languages, by speaker

Xibe (55%)

Evenki (28.97%)

Even (10.45%)

Others (5.58%)

manazarta

↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/tung1282 |chapterurl= missing title (help). Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
↑ Lindsay J. Whaley, Lenore A. Grenoble and Fengxiang Li (June 1999). "Revisiting Tungusic Classification from the Bottom up: A Comparison of Evenki and Oroqen". Language. 75 (2): 286–321. doi:10.2307/417262. JSTOR 417262.

[Glottolog-1] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/tung1282 |chapterurl= missing title (help). Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

[2] Lindsay J. Whaley, Lenore A. Grenoble and Fengxiang Li (June 1999). "Revisiting Tungusic Classification from the Bottom up: A Comparison of Evenki and Oroqen". Language. 75 (2): 286–321. doi:10.2307/417262. JSTOR 417262.

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