Harsunan Yeniseian
| Harsunan Yeniseian | |
|---|---|
| Linguistic classification |
|
| Glottolog | yeni1252[1] |
Harsunan Yeniseian / / ˌjɛn ɪˈ s eɪən / YEN -ih- SAY YEN ; wani lokacin ana kiransa Yeniseic, Yeniseyan, ko Yenisei-Ostyak ; wani lokacin ana rubuta shi da -ss -) dangin harsuna ne da mutanen Yenisei ke magana da su a yankin Kogin Yenisei na tsakiyar Siberia . A matsayin wani ɓangare na dangin harshen Dene-Yeniseian da aka gabatar, an yi jayayya cewa harsunan Yeniseian suna cikin "nunawa na farko na alaƙar asali tsakanin iyalan harsunan Tsohuwar Duniya da Sabuwar Duniya wanda ya cika ƙa'idodin harsunan tarihi na kwatantawa ". Harshe ɗaya tilo da ya rage a ƙungiyar a yau shine Ket .
Daga bayanan hydronymic da kwayar halitta, an ba da shawarar cewa ana magana da yarukan Yeniseian a wani yanki mafi girma a zamanin d ̄ a, gami da sassan arewacin China da Mongolia. An ci gaba da ba da shawarar cewa rarrabawar yarukan Yeniseian daga karni na 17 zuwa gaba yana wakiltar ƙaura zuwa arewacin kwanan nan, kuma Yeniseian Urheimat yana kudu da Tafkin Baikal.[2]
Yeniseians suna da alaƙa da Ƙungiyar Xiongnu, waɗanda masu mulki na iya magana da yaren "Yeniseian na kudancin" mai kama da yaren Pumpokol da ya ƙare yanzu.[3] Jie, wanda ya mallaki jihar Zhao ta arewacin kasar Sin, an kuma yi imanin cewa sun yi magana da Harshen Pumpokol bisa ga bayanan harshe da na al'adu.[4]
Ga waɗanda ke jayayya cewa Xiongnu suna magana da yaren Yeniseian, ana zaton yarukan Yeniseian sun ba da gudummawa da yawa ga kalmomin aro ga harshen Turkic da Mongolian, kamar Khan, Tarqan, da kalmar 'allah', Tengri . [5] Wannan ƙaddamarwa da farko an samo shi ne daga nazarin rubutun Xiongnu da aka adana a cikin nau'ikan Haruffa na Sinanci.[6]
Rarrabe rarrabensa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Rarraba harsunan Yeniseian ya canza daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. An gabatar da rarrabuwa ta gargajiya a ƙasa: [7]
Georg 2007 da Hölzl 2018 suna amfani da rarrabuwa daban-daban, suna sanya Pumpokol a cikin rassan biyu:[8]
manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/yeni1252
|chapterurl=missing title (help). Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. - ↑ Vajda, Edward. "Yeniseian and Dene Hydronyms" (PDF). Language Documentation & Conservation Special Publication. 17: 183–201.
- ↑ Vovin, Alexander (2000). "Did the Xiong Nu Speak a Yeniseian Language?". Central Asiatic Journal (in Turanci). 44 (1).
- ↑ Vovin, Alexander; Vajda, Edward J.; de la Vaissière, Etienne (2016). "Who were the *Kyet (羯) and what language did they speak?". Journal Asiatique. 304 (1): 125–144.
- ↑ Vovin, Alexander (2000). "Did the Xiong Nu Speak a Yeniseian Language?". Central Asiatic Journal (in Turanci). 44 (1).
- ↑ Vovin, Alexander (2020). "Two Newly Found Xiong-nú Inscriptions and Their Significance for the Early Linguistic History of Central Asia". International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics (in Turanci). 2 (2): 315–322. doi:10.1163/25898833-12340036.
- ↑ Vajda 2007.
- ↑ Georg 2007.