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Hasken wuta na Catatumbo

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Hasken wuta na Catatumbo
meteorological phenomenon (en) Fassara
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare naThunderstorm
ƘasaVenezuela
Wuri
Map
 9°20′43″N 71°44′12″W / 9.34519°N 71.73661°W / 9.34519; -71.73661
Ƴantacciyar ƙasaVenezuela
State of Venezuela (en) FassaraZulia (en) Fassara
Municipality of Venezuela (en) FassaraMunicipio Catatumbo (en) Fassara
Hasken wuta na Catatumbo da dare

Walƙiya Catatumbo (Spanish: Relámpago del Catatumbo) [1] al'amari ne na yanayi wanda ke faruwa a kusa da tafkin Maracaibo a Venezuela, yawanci akan wani yanki na bogin da aka kafa inda kogin Catatumbo ke gudana cikin tafkin.[2]. Catatumbo na nufin "Gidan Tsawa" a yaren mutanen Bari.[3] Ya samo asali ne daga tarin gajimare mai tsayi a tsayi fiye da kilomita 1 (0.62 mi), kuma yana faruwa tsawon dare 140 zuwa 160 a shekara, sa'o'i tara a kowace rana, da walƙiya daga sau 16 zuwa 40 a minti ɗaya.[4] Lamarin yana ganin mafi girman girman walƙiya a duniya, a kan 250 kowace km2.[5] A lokacin rani, lamarin na iya faruwa kamar busasshiyar walkiya ba tare da ruwan sama ba.[6]

Hasken yana canza sautin walƙiya a ko'ina cikin shekara, kuma ya bambanta daga shekara zuwa shekara. Misali, ya ƙare daga Janairu zuwa Maris 2010, a bayyane yake saboda fari, wanda ya haifar da hasashe cewa ana iya kashe shi har abada.[1][2]

Wurin da kuma tsarin

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Hasken wuta na Catatumbo yana faruwa a kan da kewayen Tafkin Maracaibo

Hasken Catatumbo yawanci yana tasowa tsakanin 8°30′N 71°0′W / 8.500°N 71.000°W / 8. 500; -71.000 (Kimanin iyakar waje) da 9°45′N 73°0′ W / 9.750°N 73.000°W/9.750; -73.000 (Kayanin iyakar বাহin), zuwa yammacin Tafkin Maracaibo. Ana zaton guguwar ta kasance sakamakon iskõki da ke hurawa a fadin tafkin da filayen da ke kewaye da shi. Wadannan iska sun haɗu da tsaunuka masu tsawo na Andes, tsaunukan Perijá (3,750 metres (12,300 ft) m (12,000 ), da kuma Mérida Cordillera, suna kewaye da filayen daga bangarori uku. Zafin da danshi da aka tattara a fadin filayen suna haifar da cajin lantarki kuma, yayin da iska ke lalacewa ta hanyar tsaunuka, yana haifar da aikin tsawa.[1] Wannan abu yana da kusan walƙiya mai ci gaba, galibi a cikin girgije. Hasken wuta yana samar da ozone mai yawa, kodayake ko wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga ozonosphere batun rashin jituwa ne, saboda rashin kwanciyar hankali na guguwar.[3]

Dalilin da ya sa

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Mai binciken Rasha Andrei Zavrotsky ya bincika yankin sau da yawa. Ya kammala cewa walƙiya tana da wurare da yawa a cikin marshes na Juan Manuel de Aguas National Park, Claras Aguas Negras, da yammacin Tafkin Maracaibo. A shekara ta 1991, ya ba da shawarar cewa lamarin ya faru ne saboda iska mai sanyi da dumi da ke haɗuwa a yankin. Binciken ya kuma yi hasashen cewa wani dalili na walƙiya na iya zama kasancewar uranium a cikin dutse.[4]

Tsakanin shekara ta 1997 zuwa shekara ta 2000, jerin binciken hudu sun ba da shawarar cewa methane da aka samar da maras kyau da kuma babban man fetur a yankin sune babban dalilin lamarin.[5] Misali na methane ya dogara ne akan halaye na methane. [bayyanawa da ake buƙata] Sauran binciken sun nuna cewa wannan samfurin ya saba wa halin da aka lura da walƙiya, saboda zai yi hasashen cewa za a sami karin walƙiya a lokacin fari (Janairu-Fabrairu), kuma ƙasa da haka a lokacin rigar (Afrilu-Mayu da Satumba-Oktoba). [6][7] 

Tawaga daga Universidad del Zulia sun binciki tasirin mabambantan yanayi daban-daban akan sauye-sauyen walƙiya na Catatumbo na yau da kullun, yanayi da canjin shekara zuwa shekara, gano alaƙa tare da Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Low-Level Jet Caribbean, da kuma iskar da ke cikin gida. (CAPE).[1][2][3][4] Yin amfani da bayanan tauraron dan adam, NASA tana ƙididdige cewa akwai kusan sau 250 na walƙiya a kowace km2.[5][6][7]

Tsinkaya

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Wani binciken da aka yi a shekarar 2016 ya nuna cewa yana yiwuwa a yi hasashen walƙiya a cikin Tafkin Maracaibo har zuwa 'yan watanni a gaba, bisa ga bambancin Lake Maracaibo Low-Level Jet da hulɗarsa tare da yanayin yanayi kamar ENSO da Caribbean Low-Leval Jet. Binciken ya kuma nuna cewa daidaito na hasashen ya fi girma lokacin da aka yi amfani da alamar da ta danganci haɗuwa da iskõki da ƙarfin da ake samu (CAPE). Alamar tana da alama tana kama tasirin mahaukaci na direbobi masu yawa.[8]

Bayanan tarihi

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Akwai nassoshi da yawa daga tushen mulkin mallaka na Portuguese da Mutanen Espanya, wanda ya kira wannan sabon abu a matsayin "Lanterns of Saint Anthony" ko "Lighthouse of Maracaibo", kamar yadda Alexander Walker ya lura a 1822. Bisa ga littafin M. Palacios "Viage de Varinas", masanin halitta na Prussian kuma mai bincike Alexander von Humboldt ya bayyana walƙiya a cikin 1826. Masanin ilimin ƙasa na Italiya Agustin Codazzi ya bayyana shi a cikin 1841 a matsayin "kamar walƙiya mai ci gaba, da kuma matsayinsa irin wannan, wanda yake kusan a kan meridian na bakin tafkin, yana jagorantar masu ba da hanya a matsayin hasumiya".

An san wannan abu ga al'adun 'yan asalin ƙasar (misali, Wayuu, Yukpa, da Barí) na dubban shekaru kuma an yi imanin cewa koyaushe yana nan. An haɗa shi cikin ilimin sararin samaniya. A cikin Yankewar Wayuu, an yi imanin cewa abin da ya faru alama ce daga yanayi don girmamawa da ƙarfi.

Tasirin al'adu

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Alamar Zulia
Alamar makamai ta Zulia. Hasken yana kan kwata na sama na dama.

Wannan abu yana wakiltar tutar da makamai na jihar Zulia, wanda kuma ya ƙunshi Tafkin Maracaibo, kuma an ambaci shi a cikin taken jihar. An san wannan abin da ya faru na ƙarni da yawa a matsayin "Lighthouse of Maracaibo", tunda ana iya ganinsa da mil a kusa da Tafkin Maracaibo.[9]

Wasu marubutan sun yi kuskuren fassara wani nuni ga haske a sararin samaniya a cikin bayanin Lope de Vega a cikin tarihinsa, "La "Dragontea"" na harin da Sir Francis Drake ya kai wa San Juan de Puerto Rico a matsayin farkon wallafe-wallafen da aka yi game da walƙiya (tun da a cikin wani aya mawaki ya ambaci Maracaibo), amma a zahiri yana nufin hasken da aka samar ta hanyar ƙone jiragen ruwa yayin yakin.[10]

Dubi kuma

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  • Hector (dukiya)

Manazarta

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  1. 1 2 "Catatumbo Lightning". Wondermondo. 2010-08-21. Archived from the original on 2018-06-13. Retrieved 2025-11-16.
  2. ↑ Guttman, Matt; Robert Rudman. "Venezuela's Mysterious Catatumbo Lightning Phenomenon Vanishes for Months, Then Reappears". ABC News. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
  3. ↑ Maddicks, Russell. "In Venezuela, nature's most electrifying lightning show". www.bbc.com (in Turanci). Retrieved 23 November 2022.
  4. ↑ Cárdenas, Yamile (1997). "Una vida consagrada a los números" [A life dedicated to numbers, Andrés Zavrotsky] (PDF) (in Sifaniyanci). Archived from the original (PDF) on April 20, 2009.
  5. ↑ Nicholls, H. (2002-10-17). "Phenomena – A science salon hosted by National Geographic Magazine". PLOS Biology. Blogs.ngm.com. 4 (2): e50. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0040050. PMC 1363710. PMID 16464130. Archived from the original on 2012-01-29. Retrieved 2013-02-08.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  6. ↑ Bürgesser, R. E.; Nicora, M. G.; Ávila, E. E. (2012). "Characterization of the lightning activity of "Relámpago del Catatumbo". Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics. 77: 241–247. Bibcode:2012JASTP..77..241B. doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2012.01.013.
  7. ↑ Muñoz, Á.G.; Díaz-Lobatón, J.; Chourio, X.; Stock, J. (2016). "Seasonal prediction of lightning activity in North Western Venezuela: Large-scale versus local drivers". Atmospheric Research. 172–173: 147–162. Bibcode:2016AtmRe.172..147M. doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2015.12.018.
  8. ↑ Muñoz, Á.G.; Díaz-Lobatón, J.; Chourio, X.; Stock, J. (2016). "Seasonal prediction of lightning activity in Northwestern Venezuela: Large-scale versus local drivers". Atmospheric Research. 172–173: 147–162. Bibcode:2016AtmRe.172..147M. doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2015.12.018.
  9. ↑ Nicholls, H. (2002-10-17). "Lightning Up, 4 Feb 2010". PLOS Biology. Blogs.ngm.com. 4 (2): e50. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0040050. PMC 1363710. PMID 16464130. Archived from the original on 2012-01-29. Retrieved 2013-02-08.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  10. ↑ Muñoz Garcia, Ángel Vicente (July 2016). "Dislates y Disparates sobre el Relámpago del Catatumbo: La expedición de Drake, de 1595" [Nonsense about the Catatumbo Lightning: Drake's expedition of 1595]. Centro de Modelado Científico. Archived from the original on November 3, 2016. Retrieved September 20, 2024.

Hanyoyin haɗin waje

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