Hassib Ben Ammar
 Hassib Ben Ammar | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||
12 ga Yuni, 1970 - 29 Oktoba 1971
1963 - 1969 ← Ahmed Zaouche (en)  - Fouad Mebazaa (en) → | |||||
| Rayuwa | |||||
| Haihuwa | Tunis, 11 ga Afirilu, 1924 | ||||
| ƙasa |
French protectorate of Tunisia (en) Tunisiya | ||||
| Mutuwa | Tunis, 15 Disamba 2008 | ||||
| Makwanci |
Jellaz cemetery (en) | ||||
| Ƴan uwa | |||||
| Ahali |
Radhia Haddad (en) | ||||
| Sana'a | |||||
| Sana'a |
ɗan siyasa, edita, Mai kare ƴancin ɗan'adam da independence activist (en) | ||||
| Kyaututtuka | |||||
| Imani | |||||
| Jam'iyar siyasa |
Neo Destour (en) Socialist Destourian Party (en) | ||||
Hassib Ben Ammar (11 Afrilu 1924 - 15 Disamba 2008) babban ɗan siyasan Tunisiya ne kuma ɗan jarida/edita. Ya kasance mai fafutukar kare hakkin ɗan Adam. [1]
Rayuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Dan siyasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tun yana matashi ya taka rawar gani sosai a gwagwarmayar neman 'yancin kai na Tunusiya, musamman a matsayin mawallafin jaridar "El Hilal" na sirri.
Bayan samun ‘yancin kai na ƙasa, a shekarar 1961 aka naɗa shi shugabancin “Ofishin Ma’adinai na ƙasa”. A ranar 2 ga watan Fabrairun 1961 ya shiga cikin Majalisar Tsarin Mulki a sabuwar Cibiyar Kasuwanci ta Tunusiya: kwamitin gudanarwa na mambobi 24 sun zaɓi Ben Ammar a matsayin shugabansu na farko.
Daga baya ya riƙe manyan muƙamai a rayuwar jama'a: ya kasance shugaban reshen matasa na jam'iyyar Socialist Destourian Party, [2] kuma ya kasance gwamnan Tunis (lardi) daga watan Yuli 1965 har zuwa Satumba 1969. Ben Ammar ya kasance magajin garin Tunis tsakanin shekarun 1963 zuwa 1969. [3] A cikin shekarar 1967, a lokacin da shi da kansa yake haɗa ayyukan gwamnan lardi da magajin gari, ya kafa kungiyar kula da Madina a Tunis (<i id="mwJw">Association de sauvegarde de la médina de Tunis)</i>, wanda ya zama shugaban kungiyar har zuwa shekara ta 1969. [4]
An naɗa Ben Ammar jakadan Tunisiya a Italiya na wucin gadi bayan takaddama da Ahmed Ben Salah kan batun haɗin gwiwa, kafin a naɗa shi darektan jam'iyyar Socialist Destourian Party, muƙamin da ya riƙe tsakanin 27 ga watan Satumba 1969 zuwa 23 ga Yuni 1970. Ya zama Ministan Tsaro na ƙasa a watan Yuni 1970, a gaji Beji Caid Essebsi. Duk da haka, ya ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin wannan matsayi har zuwa Oktoba 1971, wanda shine lokacin da ya yi murabus saboda rashin amincewa da Shugaba Bourguiba ya yi don tabbatar da jam'iyyar Socialist Destourian Party (PSD / <i id="mwOA">Parti socialiste destourien</i>): Béchir M'hedhbi ya maye gurbinsa a ma'aikatar tsaro. .
Ɗan rajin kare hakkin ɗan Adam kuma ɗan jarida
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An cire shi daga PSD a cikin shekarar 1970s, [5] Hassib Ben Ammar ya yi murabus daga muƙamansa na siyasa don shiga tare da Ahmed Mestiri wajen gina ƙungiyar adawa da ta fito daga Movement of Socialist Democrats (MDS/<i id="mwQw">Mouvement des démocrates socialistes</i>) . A cikin shekarar 1977, ya kasance kuma wanda ya kafa Kungiyar Kare Hakkokin Ɗan Adam ta Tunisiya, [6] ya zama shugaban girmamawa na wannan ƙungiya.
Har ila yau, ya kasance shugaban "Kwamitin 'Yanci" (wani lokaci ana kiransa "Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya don 'Yancin Jama'a" [7] ) wanda ya samo asali ne a matsayin buƙatar mutunta 'yancin ɗan adam, da kuma taron kan 'yanci da 'yancin ɗan adam. [8] Masu ilimi 528 (malaman jami'a, likitoci, lauyoyi da sauransu) ne suka sanya hannu kan buƙatar [5] kuma aka rarraba a cikin watan Afrilu 1977. Ben Ammar ya gudanar da rangadi a ƙasashen waje don gayyatar kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama na ƙasashen waje don shiga. [9] Taron da kansa, duk da haramcinsa, a ƙarshe ya faru a ranar 9 ga watan Yuni 1977. Ba a cikin Otal ɗin Afirka kamar yadda aka tsara ba, [7] amma a cikin babban taron filin jirgin sama na Tunis-Carthage. Babban ɗan takara ɗaya shine Atoni-Janar na Amurka Ramsey Clark. [7]
A cikin shekarar 1977 Ben Ammar ya kaddamar da jarida mai zaman kanta ta farko ta Tunisia, Erraï (Ra'ayi), wanda ya bayyana a matsayin "gudumawa ga yaɗa ra'ayoyin Dimokuraɗiyya".
A cikin shekarar 1978 ya ƙaddamar da harshen Faransanci na mako-mako (ko kowane wata: maɓuɓɓuka sun bambanta) ɗaba'ar, "Democracy", a matsayin cibiyar da aka buga don ƙungiyar adawa ta Socialist Democrats, ta zama darektan ɗaba'ar. Jam’iyyar adawa a wannan lokacin ta saba doka kuma ya tsinci kansa a gaban hukuma da kararraki sama da ashirin.
A cikin watan Disamba 1987, 'yan makonni bayan Shugaba Zine El Abidine Ben Ali ya hau kan ƙaragar mulki, Ben Ammar ya rufe Eraï. Majiyoyin da ke kusa da jaridar sun yi iƙirarin cewa sabon shugaban ya fusata da buga wani labarin da Oum Zied ya wallafa mai take "The drift towards authoritarianism of the Ben Ali régime," [10] ya haramta fitowar da ke ɗauke da labarin tare da kaddamar da wani yaƙin neman zaɓe ga Ben Ammar, wanda ake zargin ya tilasta masa kawo ƙarshen wallafar. [10]
Haka kuma a ƙarshen shekarar 1987, a ranar 15 ga watan Disamba, shugaban ƙasar ya naɗa shi zama memba a Constitutional Council (Tunisia) da aka kafa kwanan nan. . Bugu da ƙari, a wannan lokacin ya kasance mai haɗin gwiwa tare da goyon bayan Ben Ali na "Cibiyar Kare Hakkokin Bil'adama ta Larabawa", wacce ke da tushe a Tunis kuma wanda ya zama shugaban farko.
Tsakanin shekarun 1994 zuwa 1995 Ben Ammar ya yi aiki a kwamitin Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya na Yaki da azabtarwa. [11] Shugaban ya kuma naɗa shi a babban kwamitin kare hakkin ɗan Adam da ’yancin walwala, kuma ya yi aiki a kwamitin kungiyar da ke yaki da azabtarwa.
Iyali
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Shi ɗan Salah Ben Ammar ne kuma ɗan'uwan Radhia Haddad, ya auri Hayet Ferjani, yana da 'ya mace, Zeineb, da 'ya'ya maza uku, Kais, Khalil da Maher.
Mutuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Hassib Ben Ammar ya rasu a ranar 15 ga watan Disamba, 2008. Jana'izar tasa, wadda ta gudana a makabartar Jellaz da ke gefen birnin Tunis, ta samu halartar jiga-jigan manyan jami'an gwamnati da na 'yan adawa, da manyan jami'an kasa da na birni, tare da 'yan uwansu masu fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama. Fouad Mebazaa wanda a wancan lokacin shi ne shugaban majalisar wakilai ta ƙasa ne ya gabatar da jana'izar, amma ya gabatar da jawabin bisa umarnin shugaba Ben Ali da kansa. Shugaban ya kuma gabatar da cikakken sakon ta'aziyya da tausayawa kai tsaye ga iyalan waɗanda suka rasu.
A cikin shekarar 2011, titi no.8811 a Tunis an sake masa suna don girmama shi.
Kyaututtuka da karramawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1992 UNESCO Prize for Human Rights Advocacy da Ben Ammar samu a madadin Larabawa Cibiyar 'Yancin Ɗan Adam [12]
- 1993 Kyautar 'Yancin Ɗan Adam ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya akan bikin cika shekaru 45 na Yarjejeniyar 'Yancin Ɗan Adam ta Duniya
- 1993 Kyautar Shugaban Ƙasa Kan Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam
- Umarni na 7 ga watan Nuwamba daga Shugaban [1]
A cikin shekarar 2011 Hanyar lamba 8811 a Tunis an sake masa suna Hassib Ben Ammar. [13]
Bambance-bambance
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Babban Jami'in Tsarin 'Yancin Tunisiya (1968)
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Boubaker Sghaïer (18 December 2008). "Hommage à ... Hassib Ben Ammar". "Leaders" (PR Factory, Ennour Building, Cité des Sciences - BP 200 - 1082 Tunis - Tunisie). Retrieved 15 June 2015.
- ↑ Noura Borsali (20 April 2006). "Les deux premières manifestations de la Tunisie indépendante" (PDF). en mémoire de Lazhar Chraïti. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
- ↑ "Anciens Maires ....Dés sa fondation en 1858, la commune de Tunis a été administrée par une trentaine de maires qui se sont activés à diriger les affaires de la cité, à gérer les intérêts municipaux et à contribuer à la promotion sociale, économique et culturelle de la ville de Tunis". Municipality of Tunis. Archived from the original on 3 April 2023. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
- ↑ "Association de Sauvegarde de la Médina de Tunis (A.S.M)". Asmtunis.com. Archived from the original on 12 August 2015. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Larbi Chouikha; Eric Gobe (21 August 2009). "Les organisations des droits de l'Homme dans la formule politique tunisienne : acteurs de l'opposition oufaire-valoir du régime ?" (PDF). L'Annee du Maghreb, CNRS, Editions, p. 163-182 <halshs-00410603>. The open archive HAL. p. 3. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedbusinessnews - ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Hichem Skik (21 December 2008). "Adieu, Hassib !". Attariq Aljadid. Retrieved 16 June 2015.
- ↑ Hassib Ben Ammar (1997). "La Prévention de la Torture, Une Œuvre de Longue Haleine". 1977-1997: historique d’une idée vue par l’APT et ses partenaires .... Recueil d’articles en l’honneur de Jean-Jacques Gautier. Association for the Prevention of Torture, Geneva. pp. 77–82. Retrieved 16 June 2015.[dead link]
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedgaron52 - ↑ 10.0 10.1 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedcamaugeisser - ↑ "Question des Droits de L'Homme de Toutes Les Personnes Soumises a Une Forme Quelconque de Detention ou D'Emprisonnment ... Etat de la Convention Contre La Torture et Autres Peines ou Traitments Cruels, Inhumains ou Degradants ... Rapport du Secrétaire général". United Nations (Haut Commissariat aux Droits de l'Homme, Genève). 24 November 1994. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
- ↑ "Droits de l'Homme en Tunisie : 1987-2000". Archived from the original on 24 October 2007. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
- ↑ "Hommage posthume de la municipalité de Tunis à quatre tunisiens illustres". "Leaders" (PR Factory, Ennour Building, Cité des Sciences - BP 200 - 1082 Tunis - Tunisie). 13 September 2011. Retrieved 17 June 2015.