Hatsarin baƙo
 Hatsarin baƙo | |
|---|---|
phrase (en)  | |
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | Hadari |
| Name (en) | stranger danger |
Haɗarin baƙo shine ra'ayi ko gargaɗin cewa duk baƙi na iya zama haɗari. An yi nufin kalmar ne don ɓoye haɗarin da ke tattare da manya waɗanda yara ba su sani ba. Kalmomin sun sami amfani da yawa kuma yara da yawa za su ji ta a lokacin ƙuruciyarsu. Littattafai da yawa, fina-finai da sanarwar hidimar jama'a sun keɓe don taimaka wa yara su tuna wannan shawarar.
Ko da yake akwai wasu hatsarori kamar satar mutane don neman kudin fansa, babban abin da ya shafi yaƙin neman zaɓen baƙi shi ne cin zarafin yara. Hotuna a cikin kafofin watsa labaru sun kasance suna ƙarfafa tsoron jama'a na baƙi a matsayin masu cin zarafi, duk da cin zarafin yara na iya faruwa a cikin iyalai.[1] A farkon shekarun 2000 an dan damkawa irin wadannan kamfen din, don nuna hadarin cin zarafi daga mutanen da aka san yaron.[2][3]
Shawara
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ko da yake akwai wasu hatsarori kamar satar mutane don neman kudin fansa, babbar barazanar da ke tattare da kamfen ɗin haɗari da baƙon shine cin zarafi. A farkon shekarun 2000, an dangana da irin wadannan kamfen din, don nuna hadarin cin zarafi daga mutanen da aka san yaron. Kalmomin gama gari da yara za su ji sun haɗa da:
•Kada ku amince da baki.
•Kada ku yi magana da baƙi.
•Kada ku yi tafiya tare da baƙi.
•Kada ku je ko'ina tare da baƙi.
•Kada ku karɓi kome daga baƙi; wannan ya hada da kyaututtuka, abinci, abin sha da kayan zaki.
•Kada ku yi magana da baƙo ko da sun nemi hanya, neme ku don dabbobin kare su ko gaya muku iyaye sun ji rauni ko cikin haɗari.
•Idan wani baƙo ya zo kusa da ku, gaya wa babban amintaccen amintaccen mutum. Akwai wasu abubuwa da za ku iya yi kamar yin watsi da su da tuntubar wani babban amintaccen mutum.
•Kada ku shiga abin hawa tare da baƙi ko shiga gidan baƙo.
•Idan wani baƙo ya tunkare ku kusa da makarantarku, ku koma makarantar ku nan da nan kuma ku gaya wa ma'aikaci.[4]
•Kar a yi sadarwa da baki ta hanyar saƙon rubutu a wayar salula ko imel a kwamfuta. Idan baki yunƙurin tuntuɓar ku ta hanyar saƙonni akan wayoyin hannu ko imel a kan kwamfutar, gaya wa 'yan sanda, iyaye, ko duk wani amintaccen balagagge.
•Jikinku shine keɓaɓɓen dukiyar ku. Babu wanda ke da hakkin ya taba shi. (Lokacin da kake matashi, watakila membobin gidanka, kamar mahaifiyarka, mahaifinka, kakarka, kakanka, kanwarka, ko kawunka suna bukatar su taba jikinka lokacin da suka taimake ka a cikin wanka ko canza diaper tun da kake ƙarami don yin shi da kanka. Har ila yau, likitoci suna buƙatar taba jikinka don kiyaye lafiyarka, saboda suna cikin kasuwancin jiki.)
Wasu masu goyon bayan koyar da haɗari na baƙo suna ba da shawara ga gaya wa yara cewa yana da lafiya a yi magana da baƙi a yanayin da yaron yake cikin haɗari, kamar idan yaron ya ɓace ko ya ji rauni. A irin wannan yanayi, guje wa baƙi masu taimako na iya, kanta, yana da haɗari. Akasin haka, wasu suna ba da shawarar koya wa yara kada su kusanci wasu ba tare da izinin iyaye ba. Wannan wa'azin ya kai ga rashin shiga mota, ko da yaron ya gane direban.
Bayyanar yara
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Baya ga gargaɗin haɗari na baƙo, shirye-shirye daga Ofishin Bincike na Tarayya, hukumomin tilasta bin doka da sauran ƙungiyoyi suna ba da sabis na buga yatsa kyauta wanda galibi ana yin su a makarantu, wuraren kula da yara, kantuna, shaguna, da bukukuwa. Ana ba iyaye/masu kula da takaddun shaida na yara don amfani da su a lokuta na sace yara da sauran abubuwan gaggawa. Taswirar tantance yara sun haɗa da sawun yatsa, hoto da sauran bayanan sirri. Babu FBI ko wata hukumar tilasta bin doka da ke riƙe wannan bayanin. Ana kuma bayar da samfuran DNA ga iyaye.[5]
Doka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bayan kisan da aka yi wa Leiby Kletzky a watan Yuli na 2011, dan majalisar birnin New York David Greenfield ya ce zai ba da shawarar "Dokar Leiby", wani kudiri wanda a karkashinsa 'yan kasuwa za su iya ba da kansu don a sanya su a matsayin wuraren aminci ga yaran da suka bata ko kuma cikin matsala. Ma'aikata za su fuskanci binciken bayan fage kuma masu kasuwanci za su sanya alamar kore a cikin tagogin kantin sayar da su don yara su san kasuwancin wuri ne mai aminci don samun taimako. A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 2011, ofishin lauyan gundumar Brooklyn ya sanar da irin wannan shirin mai suna "Safe Stop". Tun daga watan Agusta 2011, shaguna 76 sun yi rajista don nuna koren siti na "Safe Haven" a cikin tagoginsu don taimakawa yaran da suka ɓace.
Matsayin haɗari
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Labarun kafofin watsa labarai sau da yawa suna yin karin gishiri game da haɗarin "haɗarin baƙo" ta hanyar jaddada abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba da keɓantacce. Musamman game da lalata da yara, babban haɗari yana zuwa daga dangin yaron. Duk da haka, "haɗarin baƙo" ya fi zama abin da ake mayar da hankali kan kanun labarai da yaƙin neman zaɓe na ilimi.
A cewar ma’aikatar shari’a ta Amurka, yawancin yaran da suka bace sun gudu ne, kuma kashi 99 cikin 100 na yaran da aka sace ‘yan’uwa ne ke daukar su, galibi uba ne da ba ya kula da su. Dangane da waɗannan ƙididdiga, Cibiyar Kula da Yara da Bacewar Yara ta Ƙasa ta sauya kamfen ɗinsu tare da mai da hankali kan "haɗarin baƙo".[6]
- ↑ Kitzinger, Jenny (2002). "The Ultimate Neighbour From Hell? Stranger Danger and the Media Framing of Paedophiles". In Jewkes, Yvonne; Letherby, Gayle (eds.). Criminology: A Reader. London, UK: SAGE Publications. pp. 145–6. ISBN 0-7619-4710-8
- ↑ Abusers targeted in new campaign". June 5, 2002 – via news.bbc.co.uk
- ↑ Say NO!: Protecting Children Against Sexual Abuse" (PDF). state.ny.us
- ↑ Case Management for Missing Children Homicide Investigation Archived February 15, 2010, at the Wayback Machine – McKenna, Rob; Attorney General of Washington & U.S. Department of Justice Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. May 2006
- ↑ Newport Aquarium (October 29, 2010). "Headline News Digital Fingerprinting TV spot 2010". Archived from the original on December 21, 2021 – via YouTube.
- ↑ Rizzo, Lillian (August 17, 2011). "Storeowners post 'Safe Stop' signs on windows to help lost kids". Daily News. New York. Archived from the original on September 15, 2012. Retrieved August 18, 2011