Hukumar Kula da Gidajen Daular
Hukumar Gidan Gida ta Imperial (IHA) hukuma ce ta gwamnatin Japan da ke kula da al'amuran jihar game da Iyalin Imperial, da kuma kiyaye hatimi da hatimi na Japan. Daga kusan karni na 8 AD har zuwa yakin duniya na biyu, an san shi da Ma'aikatar Gidan Daular (宮內省, Kunai-shō).
Hukumar ta kasance ta musamman tsakanin hukumomin gwamnati da ma'aikatu na al'ada saboda ba ta kai tsaye ga Firayim Minista a matakin majalisar ministoci. [yanawa da ake buƙata] [<span title="How can it be established by legislation but unaffected by that legislation? (May 2024)">clarification needed</span>]
Ƙungiya da ayyuka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Babban Manajan ne ke jagorantar Hukumar Gidan Masarautar, tare da taimakon Mataimakin Babban Manajan, wanda majalisar ministoci ta nada. Babban matsayi na ƙungiya sune:
- Babban Sakatariyar Mai Gudanarwa
- Kwamitin Chamberlains
- Gidan Yarima na Sarauta
- Kwamitin BikinKwamitin bukukuwan
- Ma'aikatar Tarihi da Mausolea
- Ma'aikatar Kulawa da Ayyuka
- Ofishin Kyoto
Babban mai kula da yanzu shine Yasuhiko Nishimura .
Hedikwatar Hukumar tana cikin filin fadar Tokyo Imperial Palace. Ayyukan Hukumar da alhakin sun haɗa da ayyukan yau da kullun na gidan Imperial, kamar Ziyarar jihar, abubuwan da aka shirya, adana al'adun gargajiya da ayyukan gudanarwa, da sauran nauyin. Hukumar tana da alhakin gidaje daban-daban na Imperial da ke ko'ina cikin Japan, kuma tana shirya tafiye-tafiye masu jagora ga baƙi zuwa Fadar Imperial ta Tokyo, Fadar Imperial na Kyoto, Fadar Katsura Detached, da sauran gidaje da wuraren da ke ƙarƙashin ikonta.
Hukumar tana da alhakin kiwon lafiya, tsaro da shirye-shiryen tafiye-tafiye na dangin Imperial, gami da kula da layin Imperial. Kwamitin Chamberlains, wanda Grand Chamberlain ke jagoranta, yana kula da rayuwar yau da kullun na Sarkin sarakuna da Sarauniyar, kuma yana da alhakin kiyaye hatimi da hatimi na Japan. Babban Jagora na Gidan Yarima na Sarauta yana taimakawa wajen gudanar da jadawalin, abincin abinci, da kuma kula da gidan Yarima da iyalinsa.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Hukumar Gidan Gida ta Imperial ta samo asali ne daga cibiyoyin da Taihō Code ya kafa (ko kuma a hukumance, " rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ritsuryō">Ritsuryō]]'' Code of the [[Taihō (era)|Taihō period]]\""},"2":{"wt":"大宝律令"},"3":{"wt":"Taihō Ritsuryō"}},"i":0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwTg" typeof="mw:Transclusion">"The Ritsuryō Code of the Taihō period" (大宝律令, Taihō Ritsuryū)) wanda aka gabatar a cikin 701-702 AD.[1] Tsarin Ritsuryō ya kafa Ma'aikatar Gidan Daular (宮內省, Kunai shō), wanda ya riga ya zama hukumar yanzu; tsohon lambar kuma ta haifar da Ma'aikatu na Bikin (式部省, Shikibu shō), wacce ke da gado a cikin Kwamitin Bikin (式職部, Shikigu shoku) a ƙarƙashin hukumar yanzu, da Ma'aikatan Gudanar da Jama'a (治省, Jibu shō) wanda ke kula da Ofishin Kiɗa (楽寮, Uta rysō) wanda yanzu zai dace da Hukumar Kiɗa ().[2] Tsarin asali ya kasance a wurin har zuwa Maidowar Meiji (1868). [1]
Lokacin Meiji
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gwamnatin Meiji ta farko ta kafa Ma'aikatar Gidan Daular (宮內省, Kunai shō) a ranar 15 ga watan Agusta 1869. Kodayake ana rarrabe sunayen a wasu lokuta a cikin Turanci a matsayin "Ofishin Gidan Masarauta", tare da tsohon, lokacin Meiji "Ma'aikatar Gidan Masarawa", ana fassara sunayen biyu ba tare da bambanci ba a cikin Jafananci. Koyaya, akwai tarihin rikice-rikice na sake tsarawa game da yadda aka kafa hukumomin gwamnati da suka dace da sassan da ke cikin hukumar na yanzu ko kuma aka ba su iko a wannan lokacin.
Ma'aikatar Harkokin Shinto (, Jingi kan) kuma daga baya Ma'aikatu (, Jinge shō) (1871-1872) an kafa su ne a takaice, bayan an sanya su a matsayin masu kula da, alal misali, Mausolea na Masarautar a ƙarƙashin Ofishin Mausolea , ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan da aka sanya wa Hukumar a yau.
A halin yanzu, gwamnatin Meiji ta kirkiro Kwamitin Bikin (式部局, Shikibu-kyoku) a cikin 1871, wanda ba da daɗewa ba aka sake masa suna Ofishin Bikin (式部分寮; Shikibu'ryō) a cikin shekara ta 1872. Har ila yau, a cikin 1872, an soke Ma'aikatar Alhidai, tare da yawancin ayyukan da aka tura zuwa Ma'aikatu na Addini (教部省, "Sashen (Ma'aikatari) na Addini da Ilimi") da kuma gudanar da ayyukan bikin da aka sauya zuwa Hukumar / Ofishin Bikin da aka ambata a sama. [1] [2] [ƙananan alpha 1][lower-alpha 1]
Da farko an sanya Ofishin Bikin a ƙarƙashin kulawar Babban Majalisar Jiha (太政官, Dajō kan), amma daga baya aka sauya shi zuwa ikon Ma'aikatar Gidan Daular a watan Satumbar 1877. [1] Ofishin ya sake samun wani canjin suna zuwa Kwamitin Bikin (式部職, Shikibu-shoku) a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1884. [1] Tun daga wannan lokacin, sunan bai canza ba kuma, a yau, Jagoran Bikin ne ke jagoranta.
Wani umarni na Imperial a cikin 1908 ya tabbatar da cewa Ministan Gidan Imperial, kamar yadda aka kira babban jami'in, yana da alhakin taimakawa Sarkin sarakuna a duk al'amuran da suka shafi gidan Imperial.[3] Ma'aikatar ta kuma kula da nadin hukuma na Masu zane-zane na gidan sarauta kuma ta ba da umarnin aikinsu.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Shigeru, Yoshida and Hiroshi Nara. (2007). Shigeru: Last Meiji Man. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-7425-3932-7/ISBN 978-0-7425-3933-4;
- ↑ Empty citation (help)
- ↑ Empty citation (help)
- ↑ "History". Imperial Household Agency homepage. Retrieved 10 March 2019. 沿革 (Enkaku)(in Japanese)
- ↑ Kishimoto 1956 keeps calling it "Board of Ceremonies" instead of "Bureau" even after the name change.
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