Jump to content

Hukumar Kula da Gurbatawa ta Tsakiya

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Hukumar Kula da Gurbatawa ta Tsakiya
Bayanai
Iri government agency (en) Fassara
Ƙasa Indiya
Aiki
Ma'aikata 500
Tarihi
Ƙirƙira 22 Satumba 1974
1974

cpcb.nic.in

 

Hukumar Kula da Pollution ta Tsakiya (CPCB) ta Indiya kungiya ce ta doka a karkashin Ma'aikatar Muhalli, dazuzzuka da Canjin Yanayi (Mo.E.F.C.). An kafa shi a shekara ta 1974 a karkashin Dokar Ruwa (Kariya da Kula da gurɓataccen yanayi), 1974. An kuma ba CPCB iko da ayyuka a karkashin Dokar Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution), 1981. Yana aiki a matsayin tsari na filin kuma yana ba da sabis na fasaha ga Ma'aikatar Muhalli da dazuzzuka a ƙarƙashin tanadin Dokar Muhalli (Kariya), 1986. Yana daidaita ayyukan Kwamitin Kula da Pollution na Jiha ta hanyar samar da taimako da jagora na fasaha kuma yana warware rikice-rikice tsakanin su. Ita ce babbar kungiya a kasar a fagen kula da gurɓataccen yanayi, [1] a matsayin reshe na fasaha na MoEFCC. [2][3] Kwamitin yana karkashin jagorancin shugabanta wanda Kwamitin Nuni na Ma'aikatar Gwamnatin Indiya ya nada.[4] Shugaban mukaddashin shi ne Amandeep Garg IAS (Jan 2025) kuma Sakataren memba shine Bharat Kumar Sharma . [5]

CPCB tana da babban ofishinta a New Delhi, tare da daraktocin yanki tara da ofishin aikin 1. Kwamitin yana gudanar da kimantawa da bincike na muhalli. Yana da alhakin kiyaye ka'idojin kasa a karkashin dokokin muhalli daban-daban, tare da tuntubar daraktocin yanki, kabilanci, da kananan hukumomi. Yana da alhakin gudanar da saka idanu kan ingancin ruwa da iska, kuma yana kula da bayanan saka idanu. Har ila yau, hukumar tana aiki tare da masana'antu da dukkan matakan gwamnati a cikin shirye-shiryen rigakafin gurɓataccen yanayi da kuma kokarin kiyaye makamashi. Yana ba da shawara ga gwamnatin tsakiya da ta hana da kuma sarrafa gurɓataccen ruwa da iska. Har ila yau, yana ba da shawara ga Gwamnatocin Yankin Tarayya game da masana'antu da sauran hanyoyin gurɓata ruwa da iska. CPCB tare da takwarorinta Kwamitin Kula da Gurbataccen Jiha (SPCBs) suna da alhakin aiwatar da dokokin da suka shafi rigakafi da kula da gurbataccen muhalli.[6][7]

Kwamitin yana da kusan ma'aikata 500 na cikakken lokaci [8] ciki har da injiniyoyi, masana kimiyya, da ƙwararrun masu kare muhalli.

Fayil:CPCB Head Office in New Delhi.jpg
Babban ofishin CPCB a New DelhiSabuwar Delhi

Tarihi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

CPCB an kafa ta ne a kan tsaftace rafi 22, rijiyoyi.[9]

An zartar da Dokar Kare Muhalli (EPA) a cikin 1986 don rufe gibin da ke cikin Dokar Ruwa da Ruwa, ta hanyar ƙara wasu ayyuka ga CPCB. CPCB tana taka rawa wajen ragewa da kula da gurɓataccen yanayi a cikin ƙasar ta hanyar samar da bayanai masu dacewa, samar da bayanan kimiyya, ba da kayan fasaha don samar da manufofi da shirye-shiryen ƙasa, horo da ci gaban ma'aikata da shirya ayyukan don inganta wayar da kan jama'a a matakai daban-daban na Gwamnati da jama'a.[10][11] Kwamitin Kula da Gurbataccen Delhi (DPCC) an kafa shi ne a cikin 1991 ta Gwamnatin Tsakiya tana aiki tare da (CPCB) da (NGT) don sarrafa gurbataccen a Babban Birnin.[12][13][14][15]

Ayyukan CPCB

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ayyukan CPCB sun zo ne a ƙarƙashin matakin ƙasa da kuma a matsayin Kwamitin Jiha na Yankin Tarayya. CPCB, a karkashin Dokar Ruwa (Kariya da Kula da Ruwan Ruwan Ruwa, 1974, da Dokar Air (Kariyawa da Kula da Ruwa), 1981, tana da niyyar inganta tsabtace koguna da rijiyoyi a yankuna daban-daban na Jihohi ta hanyar rigakafi, sarrafawa da rage gurɓataccen ruwa, da kuma inganta ingancin iska da hanawa, sarrafawa ko rage gurɓatar iska a kasar.

  • Ingancin iska / gurɓataccen yanayi: CPCB tana gudanar da shirye-shiryen kula da ingancin iska na ƙasa da aka sani da Shirin Kula da Ingancin Air na Kasa (NAMP). Cibiyar sadarwa ta danshi tashoshin aiki 62 da ke rufe birane / garuruwa 2 a cikin jihohi 29 da Yankin Tarayyar 5 na ƙasar. A karkashin N.A.M.P., an gano gurɓataccen iska guda huɗu wato, Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides na Nitrogen a matsayin NO2, Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) da kuma Resirable Suspended Matter (RSPM / PM10) don saka idanu akai-akai a duk wuraren. Kula da sigogi na yanayi kamar saurin iska da jagorancin iska, yanayin zafi (RH) da zafin jiki an haɗa su tare da saka idanu kan ingancin iska. Wannan bayanin game da Air Quality a ITO ana sabunta shi kowane mako.[16]
  • Ingancin ruwa / gurɓataccen ruwa: Ruwa mai laushi hanya ce mai mahimmanci don amfani a aikin gona, masana'antu, yaduwar namun daji & kifi da kuma rayuwar mutum. Indiya ƙasa ce mai kogi. Yana da manyan koguna 14, koguna 44 na matsakaici da ƙananan koguna 55 ban da tabkuna da yawa, tafkuna da rijiyoyi waɗanda ake amfani da su azaman tushen ruwan sha ko da ba tare da magani ba. Yawancin koguna da ake ciyar da su ta hanyar ruwan sama, wanda aka iyakance zuwa watanni uku kawai na shekara, suna bushewa a duk sauran shekara sau da yawa suna ɗaukar fitar da ruwa mai guba daga masana'antu ko birane ko garuruwa da ke barazana ga ingancin albarkatun ruwa. CPCB tare da hadin gwiwar SPCBs / PCCs masu damuwa sun kafa cibiyar sadarwa ta kasa da kasa ta kula da ingancin ruwa, wanda ke gudanar da tashoshin 1019 a cikin Jihohi 27 da Yankin Tarayya 6. Ana yin aikin sa ido a kwata-kwata a cikin ruwa na sama da kuma rabin shekara-shekara idan akwai ruwan kasa. Ya rufe koguna 200, tabkuna 60, tankuna 5, tafkuna 3, koguna 3, koguna 13, koguna 17, ruwa 17 da kuma rami 321. Daga cikin tashoshin 1019, 592 suna kan koguna, 65 a kan tabkuna, 17 a kan magudanar ruwa, 13 a kan canals, 5 a kan tankuna, 3 a kan koguna da 3 a kan tafkuna kuma 321 tashoshin ruwa ne na ƙasa. Cibiyar kula da ingancin ruwa ta cikin gida tana aiki a karkashin shirin matakai uku watau Tsarin Kula da Muhalli na Duniya (GEMS), Kula da Tsarin Kula da Ruwa na Indiya (MINARS) da Shirin Ayyukan Yamuna (YAP). [17][18]
  • Shirye-shiryen yankin birane (EcoCity Program): Shirye-sauyen CPCB don yankunan birane, wanda aka fi sani da EcoCity Program ya zo karkashin X Plan don inganta muhalli ta hanyar aiwatar da ayyukan inganta muhallar da aka gano a cikin garuruwa da biranen da aka zaɓa. Nazarin matukin jirgi da Cibiyar Shirye-shiryen Muhalli ta Yankin da aka kirkira a CPCB a karkashin Bankin Duniya ya ba da gudummawa ga Cibiyar Gudanar da Muhalli kuma ya goyi bayan GTZ-CPCB Project a karkashin Shirin Indo-Jamus Bilateral . [19] Dangane da waɗannan binciken CPCB ta haɓaka tsarin inganta birane mai zurfi wanda ke amfani da mafita masu amfani, sababbin abubuwa da waɗanda ba na al'ada ba. A karkashin X Plan, an samar da kasafin kuɗi na Rs. 15 crore don lokacin 2002-03 zuwa 2006-07 don ayyukan Ecocity. [20][21] 
  • Dokokin KaW">S na M: Kowane hukuma ta gari ta zo ne a ƙarƙashin Dokokin Kasashen Kasuwanci (Management & Handling), 2000 (dokokin MSW, 2000) kuma suna da alhakin tattarawa, rarrabewa, adanawa, sufuri, sarrafawa da zubar da kayan masarufi na gari. CPCB tana tattara bayanai masu mahimmanci daga hukumomin birni kuma tana ba su taimako na fasaha.[22]
  • Noise Pollution / Dokoki: A cewar S.O. 123 (E) ta MoEFC, tushe daban-daban kamar aikin masana'antu, aikin gini, saiti janareta, masu magana da babbar murya, tsarin adireshin jama'a, tsarin kiɗa, ƙaho na motoci da sauran na'urorin inji suna da mummunar tasiri ga lafiyar ɗan adam. CPCB tana da alhakin tsarawa da sarrafa hayaniya samarwa da samar da tushe tare da manufar kiyaye ka'idodin ingancin iska.[23]
  • Kididdigar Bayanai ta Muhalli: CPCB tana kula da Kididdigar Bayanan Muhalli: wanda ke da Bayanan ingancin iska da bayanan inganci na ruwa. Game da bayanan ingancin iska, yana auna matakin SO<sub id="mwvA">2</sub>, NO<sub id="mwvg">2</sub>, RSPM da SPM. [24][25] CPCB ma'auni da kuma kula da Bayanan ingancin ruwa. Matsayin inganci na kogi da tafkuna sune manyan filayen da ke ƙarƙashin ƙa'idodin ingancin bayanai na ruwa.[26][27]

Tsarin ƙungiya

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Tsarin ƙungiya na CPCB

CPCB tana karkashin jagorancin Shugaban wanda ke bin Sakataren memba. CPCB tana yin ayyuka daban-daban ta hanyar manyan ayyukan kasafin kudi guda tara masu zuwa.[28][29]

  • Binciken gurɓataccen yanayi (bincike da saka idanu).
  • R&D da gudanar da dakin gwaje-gwaje.
  • Ci gaban ka'idoji da jagororin masana'antu na musamman da ka'idojin fitarwa
  • Horarwa
  • Gudanar da bayanan bayanai da ɗakin karatu
  • Fasahar kula da gurɓataccen yanayi
  • Tilasta sarrafa gurɓata
  • Sanarwar jama'a da wallafe-wallafe
  • Gudanar da sharar gida [30]

Rarrabawar Babban Ofishin CPCB

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Babban ofishin CPCB a halin yanzu ya kasu kashi 22. Kowace ƙungiya tana da nasa mai kula da kuma manufofi na mutum.[31]

  • Sashen Tsare Tsare Tsare-tsare (PCP). [32]
  • Lalacewa, Kima, Kulawa & Bincike (PAMS). [33]
  • Sashen Aiwatar da Kayayyakin Ƙira -I (PCI-I). [34]
  • Sashe na II (PCI-II) Ayyukan Gudanar da Kula da Gurɓatawa. [35]
  • Sashen Aiwatar da Kula da Gurɓataccen Ruwa - III (PCI-III). [36]
  • Sashen Kula da Gurbacewar Ruwa na Birane (UPCD). [37]
  • Sashen Gudanar da Sharar Mahimmanci (HWMD). [38]
  • Fasahar Sadarwa. [39]
  • Sashen Koyar da Muhalli (ETU). [40]
  • TAMBAYA TA DOKA. [41]
  • SASHEN PR. [42]
  • AS SASHE. [43]
  • SASHEN GINI. [44]
  • LABARI. [45]
  • SASHEN HINDI. [46]
  • ADMINISTRATION (DAYAKI).
  • PCI (SSI). [47]
  • ADMINISTRATION (MUTUM).
  • KYAUTATA.
  • Lissafi.

Daraktan Yankin

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

CPCB ta kafa Daraktan Yankin 9 da ke ba da abinci ga Jihohi daban-daban. Daraktan Yankin ofisoshin filin ne na CPCB kuma duk tsare-tsaren an shirya su a Babban Ofishin ne su aiwatar da su. Daraktan Yankin suna gudanar da bincike a fagen kuma suna aika rahotanni kan Kula da Ingancin Ruwa, Kula da Inganci na Air, Binciken Masana'antu da sauran irin waɗannan ayyukan da suka shafi Babban Ofishin don ƙarin aiki. Kowace Daraktan Yankin tana kula da ƙayyadadden adadin jihohi. Daraktan Yankin suna cikin Bengaluru, Kolkata, Shillong, Bhopal, Lucknow, Vadodara, Chandigarh, Pune, Chennai da Ofishin Aikin a Agra . [48]

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ "CPCB issues guidelines for public to lodge complaints on air pollution in Delhi-NCR". 31 October 2018.
  2. ↑ "ESTABLISHMENT OF - Central Pollution Control Board" (PDF). Central Pollution Control Board. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 August 2013. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  3. ↑ "Evaluation of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)" (PDF). Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 May 2013. Retrieved 10 February 2010.
  4. ↑ "Constitution of the Central Board" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 May 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  5. ↑ "Chairman of CPCB". Archived from the original on 1 June 2013. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  6. ↑ "Functions of the Central Board". Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  7. ↑ "Central Pollution Control Board". Archived from the original on 30 April 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  8. ↑ "Environmental Compliance and Enforcement in India: Rapid Assessment" (PDF). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
  9. ↑ "Evaluation of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)" (PDF). Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 May 2013. Retrieved 10 February 2010.
  10. ↑ "Evaluation of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)" (PDF). Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 May 2013. Retrieved 10 February 2010.
  11. ↑ "Functions of CPCB". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  12. ↑ "DPCC".
  13. ↑ "Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC) - India Environment Portal | News, reports, documents, blogs, data, analysis on environment & development | India, South Asia". indiaenvironmentportal.org.in. Archived from the original on 2019-08-02. Retrieved 2019-08-05.
  14. ↑ "Delhi govt readies first action plan to curb noise pollution". Hindustan Times (in Turanci). 2019-08-02. Retrieved 2019-08-05.
  15. ↑ "Issue notification for mandatory use of sound limiters in sound systems: NGT to Delhi govt". Outlook (India). Retrieved 2019-08-05.
  16. ↑ "National Air Quality Monitoring Programme". CpCB. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  17. ↑ "Monitoring of Indian National Aquatic Resource". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  18. ↑ "Functios of CPCB". Archived from the original on 11 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  19. ↑ "EcoCity Program". CPCB. Archived from the original on 2 April 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  20. ↑ "ASEM Project". moef.nic.in. Archived from the original on 8 December 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  21. ↑ "ECO – CITY Programme" (PDF). CPCB. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  22. ↑ "MSW (M&H) Rules". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  23. ↑ "Noise Pollution (Regulation & Control)". CPCB. Archived from the original on 2 April 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  24. ↑ "SO2 levels during 2006" (PDF). CPCB. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  25. ↑ "Environmental Data Statistics". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  26. ↑ "Water Quality Data". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  27. ↑ "Water Quality of River Ganga and Yamuna At Allahabad ( UP) during Maghmela (Ardh Kumbha) 2007" (PDF). CPCB. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  28. ↑ "Organization Chart". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  29. ↑ "Current Organogram of CPCB" (PDF). Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 May 2013. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  30. ↑ "CPCB CPCB OF An Introduction" (PDF). Central Pollution Control Board Ministry of Environment & Forests. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 August 2013. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  31. ↑ "Divisions of Head Office". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  32. ↑ "Pollution Control Planning Division". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  33. ↑ "Pollution, Assessment, Monitoring & Survey". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  34. ↑ "Pollution Control Implementation Division - I". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  35. ↑ "Pollution Control Implementation Division-II". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  36. ↑ "Pollution Control Implementation Division - III". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  37. ↑ "Urban Pollution Control Division". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  38. ↑ "Hazardous Waste Management Division". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  39. ↑ "Information Technology". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  40. ↑ "ETU". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  41. ↑ "LEGAL CELL". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  42. ↑ "PR SECTION". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  43. ↑ "AS SECTION". CPCB. Archived from the original on 19 June 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  44. ↑ "BUILDING SECTION". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  45. ↑ "LIBRARY". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  46. ↑ "HINDI SECTION". CPCB. Archived from the original on 26 August 2013. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  47. ↑ "PCI (SSI)". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  48. ↑ "Zonal Offices". CPCB. Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
Daga "https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hukumar_Kula_da_Gurbatawa_ta_Tsakiya&oldid=724678"