Hukumar Soja ta Burtaniya ta Somaliland
 Hukumar Soja ta Burtaniya ta Somaliland | ||||
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| Wuri | ||||
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| Bayanan tarihi | ||||
| Ƙirƙira | 25 ga Faburairu, 1941 | |||
| Rushewa | 1 ga Afirilu, 1950 | |||
| Ta biyo baya |
Trust Territory of Somalia (en)  | |||
Hukumar Soja ta Burtaniya ta Somaliland ita ce ke iko da yankunan British Somaliland da na tsohuwar Somaliland ta Italiya daga shekarun 1941 zuwa shekarar 1949. A ƙarshen shekarar 1949, ya zama yankin amintaccen Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya wanda zai kasance daga shekarun 1950 har zuwa 1960 yayin da yake ƙarƙashin gwamnatin Italiya.[1]
Bayani na gaba ɗaya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Birtaniya ta mamaye Somaliland na Italiya kuma ta yi mulkin soja da kuma yankin Somaliland na Biritaniya. Da yake fuskantar matsin lamba na siyasar Italiya da ke da nasaba da ci gaba da mulkin Burtaniya da kuma burin Somaliya na samun ƴancin kai, Somaliyawa da Birtaniya sun ga juna a matsayin abokan ƙawance. An kafa jam'iyyar siyasa ta Somaliya ta zamani ta farko, Ƙungiyar Matasa ta Somaliya (SYC), a Mogadishu a cikin shekarar 1943; Daga baya aka mayar da ita zuwa kungiyar matasan Somaliya (SYL).[2] SYL ta rikiɗe zuwa jam'iyya mai rinjaye, kuma tana da akida mai matsakaicin ra'ayi. Ƙungiyar kuma ita ce ƙungiyar da ke goyon bayan yunkurin 'yancin kai na Somaliya. Jam'iyyar Hizbiya Digil Mirifle Somali (HDMS) ta kasance babbar jam'iyyar adawa ta dama, duk da cewa tsarinta ya yi daidai da na SYL.[3]
A cikin shekarar 1945, an gudanar da taron Potsdam, inda aka yanke shawarar kada a mayar da Italian Somaliland zuwa Italiya, kuma yankin zai kasance ƙarƙashin Hukumar Mulkin Soja ta Burtaniya (BMA). Sakamakon gazawar da manyan ƙasashe huɗu suka yi na cimma matsaya kan abin da za a yi da ƙasashen da Italiya ta yi wa mulkin mallaka a baya, tawayen da 'yan kishin ƙasar Somaliya suka yi wa gwamnatin mulkin mallaka na Italiya ya kai ga wata ƙazamyar faɗa a shekara ta 1948. 'Yan Somaliya 24 da Italiya 51 ne suka mutu a tarzomar siyasa da ta biyo baya a wasu garuruwan gaɓar teku.[4]
An yi amfani da Rundunar Sojan Sama wajen nuna karfin tuwo a kan tashe tashen hankula a faɗin yankin.[5]
Canja wurin Amincewa da Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin watan Nuwamba 1949, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a ƙarshe ta zaɓi ba wa Italiya riƙon amana na tsohuwar Somaliland ta Italiya, amma a ƙarƙashin kulawa ta kut-da-kut da kuma sharadi na farko da ƙungiyar SYL da sauran ƙungiyoyin siyasa na Somaliya suka gabatar, irin su Hizbiya Digil Mirifle Somali (daga baya Hizbiya Dastur Mustaqbal Somali, ko HDMS) da Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Somaliya (SNL), waɗanda a cikin shekaru goma suka sami 'yancin kai na Somaliya.[6][7] Ƙungiyar matasan Somaliya ta ba da shawarar amincewa da Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya don jagorantar Somaliya zuwa 'yancin kai, bisa sharadin cewa ba a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin Italiya ba ce kuma Hukumar Amince ta kula da dukkan yankunan Somaliya. A cikin wata sanarwa ga Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya, ƙungiyar ta SYL ta ce:
"Ba mu yi kama da za mu iya tsayawa da kafafunmu a halin yanzu ba, amma mu nemi Majalisar Amintattu ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da ta yanke shawara kan batutuwan da suka shafi kafa, iyakoki, da gudanar da yankin Amintattun Somaliya da aka fi sani da Somaliya, wannan yanki da ya kunshi dukkan yankunan da 'yan Somaliya suka fi yawa." [8]
Ƙungiyar matasan Somaliya ta yi kakkausar suka dangane da mayar da Somaliya hannun Italiya tare da zargin Birtaniyya da yin mu'amala da ƙasar domin gamsar da Italiya. [9] [10] Ƙungiyar za ta yi kamfen don nuna adawa da dawowar mulkin Italiya tare da taken, "Komai wane launi, kerkeci ne kullum kerkeci." [10] Shawarar mayar da Somaliya a ƙarƙashin ikon tsohon mai mulkin mallaka ya kasance mai cike da cece-kuce yayin da Somaliyan ke jin cewa an kafa yankin Amintacce ne don muradun Italiya.[11] [9] [12]
Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Mamaya na kawancen Libya
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Barker, A. J. (1971). Rape of Ethiopia, 1936. London: Ballantine Books. ISBN 978-0-345-02462-6.
- ↑ I. M. Lewis, A pastoral democracy: a study of pastoralism and politics among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa, (LIT Verlag Münster: 1999), p.304.
- ↑ Samatar, Ahmed Ismail (1988). Socialist Somalia: Rhetoric and Reality. Institute for African Alternatives. p. 54. ISBN 9780862325886.
- ↑ Melvin Eugene Page; Penny M. Sonnenburg (2003). "Colonialism: An International, Social, Cultural, and Political Encyclopedia". p. 544. ISBN 9781576073353.
- ↑ Flintham, Vic (2008-10-15). High Stakes: Britain's Air Arms in Action 1945-1990 (in Turanci). Pen and Sword. pp. 39–42. ISBN 978-1-84415-815-7.
- ↑ Zolberg, Aristide R., et al., Escape from Violence: Conflict and the Refugee Crisis in the Developing World, (Oxford University Press: 1992), p.106
- ↑ Gates, Henry Louis, Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience, (Oxford University Press: 1999), p.1749
- ↑ Drysdale 2000.
- 1 2 Pankhurst 1951.
- 1 2 Hussein 2017.
- ↑ Ismail), Samatar, Abdi (Abdi (2002). Somalis as Africa's first democrats: Premier Abdirazak H. Hussein and President Aden A. Osman. p. 19. OCLC 773806045.
- ↑ Ismail 2010.
Gabaɗaya nassoshi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Drysdale, John (2000). Stoics Without Pillows: A way forwards for the Somalilands. Haan Publishing. ISBN 1874209731. OCLC 49494935.
- Hussen, Abdulaziz M. (2021). Denial of Independence: How the Four Powers and Italy Setup Somalia For Failure and Dismemberment. ISBN 9798503523416. OCLC 1302584499.
- Ismail, Ismail Ali (2010). Governance: The Scourge and Hope of Somalia. Trafford Publishing. ISBN 9781426919800. OCLC 620115177.
- Samatar, Abdi Ali (2016). Africa's First Democrats: Somalia's Aden A. Osman and Abdirazak H. Hussen. Indiana University Press. ISBN 9780253022370.
- Tripodi, Paolo (1999). The Colonial Legacy in Somalia : Rome and Mogadishu : from Colonial Administration to Operation Restore Hope. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-22393-9. OCLC 41315365.
- Lewis, I.M. (2002). A Modern History of the Somali: Revised, Updated & Expanded (4th ed.). Ohio University Press. ISBN 9780821414958. OCLC 50747856.
- Hussein, Abdirazak Haji (2017). Abdirazak Haji Hussein : My role in the foundation of the Somali nation-state, a political memoir. African World Press. ISBN 9781569025314. OCLC 980302551.
- Sheikh, Mohamed Aden (2021). Back to Mogadishu: Memoirs of a Somali herder. Barkin Publishing. ISBN 9798777822345.*Petrucci, Pietro (1993). Mogadiscio (in Italiyanci). Nuova. ISBN 9788839708342. OCLC 797765340.
- Lewis, I. M. (1961). A Pastoral Democracy: a study of pastoralism and politics among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa. Great Britain: Oxford University Press.
- Pankhurst, E. Sylvia (1951). Ex-Italian Somaliland. Philosophical Library. ISBN 9780806530543. OCLC 67336.