Hukuncin kisa a Girka

Hukuncin kisa a Girka
aspect in a geographic region (en)
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	hukuncin kisa
Fuskar	hukuncin kisa
Ƙasa	Greek

Ana aiwatar da Hukuncin kisa a Girka ta zamani ta amfani da guillotine (har zuwa 1913) ko ta hanyar harbi. An yi amfani da shi na karshe a shekarar 1972 a lokacin gwamnatin soja. An soke hukuncin kisa a matakai tsakanin 1975 da 2005.

Tarihi

An kashe mutane a lokacin yakin neman 'yancin Girka ta hanyar harbi, kodayake lokacin da mulkin mallaka ya gabatar da Dokar Shari'a a 1834, yanke kansa ta hanyar guillotine ya zama hanyar kisa kawai. A cikin 1847, matsaloli wajen samar da guillotine don kowane kisa ya sa gwamnati ta kafa ƙungiyar harbi a matsayin madadin hanyar kisa. Dukansu za a yi amfani da su har sai an kafa ƙungiyar harbi a matsayin hanyar kisa kawai a 1929 (kisan karshe da guillotine ya faru a 1913). Fiye da mutane 3,000 ne aka kashe tsakanin 1946 da 1949 a lokacin Yaƙin basasar Girka. Kashe-kashen karshe ya faru ne a ranar 25 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1972, lokacin da aka harbe Vassilis Lymberis mai shekaru 27 da 'yan bindiga saboda kisan matarsa, surukinsa da yara biyu (ya ƙone su da rai a cikin gidansu) a tsibirin tsibirin tsibiri na tsibirin tsibirai .

Shugabannin uku na gwamnatin Girka, Georgios Papadopoulos, Stylianos Pattakos, da Nikolaos Makarezos an yanke musu hukuncin kisa saboda tawaye a lokacin shari'ar Junta na Girka, amma gwamnatin Karamanlis ta sauya waɗannan hukunce-hukuncen zuwa ɗaurin rai da rai. Kundin Tsarin Mulki na 1975 ya soke hukuncin kisa ga Laifukan siyasa marasa rikitarwa a karkashin Mataki na 7, sakin layi na 3.

A cikin 1993, Dokar 2172 ta cire hukuncin kisa daga Dokar Laifuka. Har zuwa wannan lokacin, ana iya yanke wa masu laifi hukuncin kisa (alal misali, an yanke wa Kyriakos Papachronis hukuncin kisa sau biyu a shekara ta 1984) amma a aikace duk hukuncin kisa an sauya shi zuwa ɗaurin rai da rai. Shekaru hudu bayan haka, Girka ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar Zaɓuɓɓuka ta Biyu ga Alkawarin Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Bil'adama da Siyasa, da nufin kawar da hukuncin kisa; duk da haka, an yi ajiya don ba da izinin amfani da hukuncin kisa ga manyan laifuka, watau cin amana, da aka aikata a lokacin yaƙi. Yarjejeniya ta 6 ga Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam (ECHR), wanda ke ba da izinin kawar da hukuncin kisa a lokacin zaman lafiya, an tabbatar da ita a cikin 1998. Gyaran kundin tsarin mulki na Girka na 2001 ya gyara Mataki na 7, wanda ya soke hukuncin kisa Sai dai a cikin shari'o'in da doka ta bayar don laifuka da aka aikata a lokacin yaƙi da kuma alaƙa da shi.

A shekara ta 2004, Dokar 3289 kan Tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar No. 13 zuwa na ECHR, game da kawar da hukuncin kisa a kowane yanayi ya cire duk tanadi masu dacewa daga Dokar Shari'ar Soja da Dokar kan sabis na waje na sojoji (mataki na 17 game da aiwatar da kisa). A shekara ta 2005, Girka ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar No. 13 ga ECHR, game da kawar da hukuncin kisa a kowane yanayi.

Jam'iyyar Golden Dawn ta yi kira a 2013 don maido da hukuncin kisa ga baƙi da aka yanke musu hukunci kan laifuka masu tsanani.