Hukuncin kisa a Indonesia
|
aspect in a geographic region (en) | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | hukuncin kisa |
| Fuskar | hukuncin kisa |
| Ƙasa | Indonesiya |
Hukuncin kisa hukunci ne na doka a Indonesia. Kodayake ana aiwatar da hukuncin kisa ne kawai a cikin manyan shari'o'in kisan kai, cin hanci da rashawa a cikin matsanancin shari'oʼi na iya haifar da hukuncin kisa kuma ana amfani da hukuncin kisa akai-akai ga wasu Masu fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi. Ana aiwatar da kisa ta hanyar 'yan bindiga.[1]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kodayake hukuncin kisa ya kasance a matsayin hukunci tun daga farkon Jamhuriyar Indonesia, hukuncin kisa na farko bai faru ba sai 1973.
An yi kisan farar hula na farko a Indonesia a shekarar 1978. Oesin Bestari, mai yankan awaki daga Mojokerto, shi ne mai aikata laifuka na farko da aka yanke masa hukuncin kisa a Indonesia bayan samun 'yancin kai. An yanke masa hukunci a shekara ta 1964 bayan ya kashe mutane shida, dukansu abokan kasuwancinsa ne. An kashe shi a ranar 14 ga Satumba 1978 a wani sashi na Kenjeran Beach, Surabaya . [2][3]
Mutumin na biyu da aka kashe shi ne Henky Tupanwael, mai zane-zane na titi wanda ya zama ɗan fashi mai makami. An same shi a shekarar 1969 bayan jerin fashi da makami a 1944, 1957, 1960, da 1963. Ya kuma kasance sanannen mai tserewa daga kurkuku, tare da rubuce-rubuce uku na tserewa daga gidan yari. An kashe shi a ranar 5 ga watan Janairun 1980 a filin bindigogi na gwamnati a Pamekasan, tsibirin Madura . Kashewarsa sananne ne saboda ya nuna shahararren camfi na Indonesiya a wannan lokacin da ya shafi masu yin sihiri na baki da ke da rigakafin makami da kuma tsarin da ake buƙata don kashe shi. A lokacin da aka kashe shi, jami'an gwamnati sun bi da wurin mutuwarsa da tsari mai ban mamaki. An kwantar da ginshiƙan kisa tare da ganyen kelor kuma an shirya shi ta hanyar da jikinsa ya faɗi kai tsaye zuwa gado. Maimakon baƙar fata na gargajiya da aka yi amfani da shi don rufe idanunsa, an yi amfani da jan zane. Har ila yau, an yi masa gyare-gyare ta amfani da igiyoyin fiber na dabino, amma ba a ɗaure shi da ginshiƙi ba don tabbatar da cewa jikinsa ya faɗi zuwa kelor ya bar gado. Dukkanin jami'an gwamnati ne suka yi don kawar da kariya da kuma tabbatar da mutuwarsa.[4][3][5]
Mutumin na uku da aka kashe shi ne Waluyo, wanda aka fi sani da Kusni Kasdut, tsohon jarumi wanda ya zama ɗan fashi mai makami. Shari'ar Kusni Kasdut ta ja hankalin kafofin watsa labarai a wannan lokacin saboda shi jarumi ne na juyin juya halin kasa na Indonesia, da kuma fashi na Robin Hood, yayin da ya yi fashi don rarraba nasarorin da ya samu ga matalauta. An kashe shi a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 1980 kusa da Gresik City, Gabashin Java . [3][6]
Gwamnatin Indonesia ba ta bayar da cikakken kididdiga game da kowane mutum da ke fuskantar hukuncin kisa a kasar ba. A zahiri, "bincike na ƙididdigar ƙididdiga yana da matsala ta hanyar ɓoye-ɓoye na jihar game da hukuncin kisa. " [7] Babu wani kisa tun 2017, mai yiwuwa ne sakamakon tsananin zargi na duniya da gwamnatin Indonesia ta fuskanci aiwatar da kisa ta ƙarshe. Shugaba Joko Widodo tun daga lokacin ya bayyana cewa yanzu yana buɗewa don sake gabatar da dakatarwar hukuma kan hukuncin kisa.[8] An san Indonesia sosai a matsayin "mai karfi mai ba da shawara game da hukuncin kisa ga 'yan ƙasa a ƙasashen waje".[9]
Amfani da tarihi na ratayewa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Duk da cewa Indonesia ta yi amfani da Dokar No. 2 / PNPS/1964 wanda ya ba da umarnin kisa ta hanyar harbi, har zuwa 2023, Mataki na No. 11 na Dokar Laifuka ta Indonesia har yanzu ya ba da umurni cewa dole ne a aiwatar da kisa ta hanyar ratayewa kuma ɓangaren ya kasance a rubuce a cikin lambar. Wannan bangare wani bangare ne na doka daga zamanin mulkin mallaka, kamar yadda Dokar Laifin Indonesiya ta gaji daga Dokar Laifin Dutch East Indies, amma Dokar No. 2 / PNPS/1964 ta maye gurbin labarin a aikace.[10] A lokacin mulkin mallaka na Dutch, ana aiwatar da kisa ta hanyar ratayewa ta jama'a a wuraren shakatawa na gari kuma ana iya la'akari da shi a matsayin barbaric, yayin da aka rataye ta hanyar rataya ta gajeren lokaci, inda masu kisa 3 suka taka rawar gani a mutuwar fursunonin da aka yanke musu hukunci. Ɗaya zai buɗe ƙofar tarko, ɗayan zai ja ƙafafun fursunoni, ɗayan kuma zai tura kafadar fursunoni ƙasa, don haka an hanzarta mutuwar fursunoni.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Pidana Hukuman Mati Pembunuhan Berencana" (in Harshen Indunusiya). Hery Shietra. 7 September 2017.
- ↑ Adryamarthanino, Verelladevanka (2022-04-07). Ningsih, Widya Lestari (ed.). "Sejarah Hukuman Mati di Indonesia Halaman all". KOMPAS.com (in Harshen Indunusiya). Kompas Cyber Media. Retrieved 2022-07-04.
- 1 2 3 "Oesin, Kusni dan Henky: Trio Terpidana Mati Pertama Pasca Kemerdekaan Indonesia". ReqNews (in Harshen Indunusiya). 2022-01-19. Archived from the original on 2022-07-05. Retrieved 2022-07-04.
- ↑ Handayani, Maulida Sri (5 January 2017). "Henky Tupanwael, Anak Kolong yang Terjerumus Jadi Garong". tirto.id (in Harshen Indunusiya). Retrieved 2022-07-04.
- ↑ Maha Adi, I.G.G. (2003-11-24). "Malam Panjang Sebelum Bunyi Dor". Tempo (in Harshen Indunusiya). Retrieved 2022-07-04.
- ↑ "5 Eksekusi Mati Paling Jadi Sorotan di Indonesia". detiknews (in Harshen Indunusiya). detikcom. Archived from the original on 2023-05-09. Retrieved 2022-07-04.
- ↑ Daniel Pascoe (2014). "Three Coming Legal Challenges to Indonesia's Death Penalty Regime". Academia.edu.
- ↑ "Jokowi Open to Death Penalty Review". 29 March 2017.
- ↑ Andrew Novak. "The Future of the Mandatory Death Penalty in Malaysia and Singapore: "Asian Values" and Abolition in Comparative Perspective, with Implications for Indonesia". Academia.edu.
- ↑ Marwin (2019). "Pelaksanaan Pidana Mati di Indonesia Dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia". ASAS. 11: 101–118. doi:10.24042/asas.v11i01.4646. S2CID 203034384.