Hukuncin kisa a Iran
Hukuncin kisa hukunci ne na shari'a a Iran . Jerin laifukan da ake yankewa hukuncin kisa sun hada da kisan kai ; fyade ; cin zarafin yara ; liwadi ; fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi ; fashi da makami ; sacewa ; ta'addanci ; sata ; lalata ; fasikanci ; zina ; luwadi ; rashin jima'i ; karuwanci ; [1] [2] da shirin kifar da gwamnatin Musulunci; rashin jituwa na siyasa ; sabotage ; konewa ; tawaye ; ridda ; sabo ; kwace ; jabu ; fasa kwauri ; sake yin amfani da barasa ; samarwa ko shirya abinci, abin sha, kayan kwalliya, ko abubuwan tsafta waɗanda ke kaiwa ga mutuwa lokacin cinyewa ko amfani da su; samar da buga batsa ; yin amfani da kayan batsa don neman jima'i; shaidar babban jari; sake sata ; wasu laifukan soja (misali, tsoro, taimakon abokan gaba); " yaƙi da Allah "; " yada fasadi a Duniya "; leken asiri ; da cin amanar kasa . [3] Iran ta aiwatar da kisa a kalla 977 a cikin 2015, a kalla kisa 567 a 2016, [4] [5] akalla 507 a cikin 2017. aƙalla 290 a 2021, aƙalla 553 a 2022, aƙalla 834 a cikin 2023, [6] [7] 901 kisa a [8] . [9] [7] A cewar rahoton da Amnesty International ta fitar, Iran ce ke da alhakin kashi 64% na dukkan hukuncin kisa a duniya a shekarar 2024. [10]
Duk da buƙatun ƙasashen duniya don a sake shi, gwamnatin Iran ta kashe dan ƙasar Birtaniya da Iran Alireza Akbari a watan Janairun 2023, wanda ya taɓa aiki a matsayin mataimakin ministan tsaro na Iran. Burtaniya da Firayim Minista Rishi Sunak sun yi Allah wadai da hukuncin kisa, wanda ya kira shi da siyasa da kuma "aikin rashin tausayi da tsoro" wanda "mulkin barbaric" ya aiwatar [11] .
Kashe-kashen da aka ba da izini na jihar sun ga karuwar lambobi a cikin 2023. A watan Mayu 2023 kadai, Iran ta kashe akalla mutane 142, mafi girman adadin kowane wata tun 2015. Akalla 30 daga cikin wadanda aka kashe sun fito ne daga yawancin Sunni Baluchistan.
An yi imanin cewa Iran ta kashe mafi yawan mutane ga kowane mutum. Iran ta nace cewa adadin kisa da kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam suka yi zargin cewa "ya wuce gona da iri, kuma ana aiwatar da kisa ne kawai "bayan wani tsari na shari'a mai tsawo. " Jami'an Iran sun ce suna "yi yaƙi da babban yaki da miyagun ƙwayoyi a kan iyakokinta na gabas, kuma karuwar shugabannin miyagun ƙ ƙwayoyi da dillalai suna haifar da karuwar kisa". A cewar BBC, Iran "tana gudanar da karin kisa fiye da kowace ƙasa, sai dai China".
Laifukan da suka shafi babban birnin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Hukuncin kisa a Iran, a ka'idar, doka ce ga laifuka iri-iri, kamar sata-linkid="64" href="./Armed_robbery" id="mwhQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Armed robbery">fashi da makami, cin amana, leken asiri, kisan kai, wasu laifukan soja, fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi, fyade, luwaɗi, sodomy, [12] cin zarafin jima'i, dangantaka ta dangi, fasikanci, karuwanci, [1] [2] makircin kawar da mulkin Islama, Rashin amincewa da siyasa, ɓarna, saɓo rai, zina, samarwa da kuma buga wasu laifuka, 'yanci, 'yan ta' yancin kai, 'yan laifuka,' yancin kai,' yanci, 'yauta,' yanci,' yanci da cin zarafin tattalin arziki, 'yan fashi, 'yan itace, 'yancin kai,'[3][13]
Akwai nau'o'i huɗu na laifuka a cikin dokar Iran: laifukan qesas, laifukan hadd, laifuka na tazir, da laifuka masu hanawa.
| shekara | lambar | bayanin kula |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 267[14] | |
| 2021 | 314[15] | 42% don laifukan miyagun ƙwayoyi |
| 2022 | 582 | Kashi 49% sun kasance don kisan kai, kashi 44% don laifukan miyagun ƙwayoyi |
| 2023 | 853[16] | Fiye da rabi sun kasance don laifukan miyagun ƙwayoyi |
| 2024 | 972[10] | mafi yawa sun kasance don laifukan miyagun ƙwayoyi |
Tsarin kotu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A Iran, Majalisun Shawara ta Musulunci ce ta kirkiro dokoki, wanda aka fi sani da Majalisar Iran (Majlis). Dole ne Majalisar Tsaro ta tabbatar da su kuma shugaban Iran ya sanya hannu. Dole ne dokokin su kasance daidai da Sharia, kodayake dokoki da yawa sun samo asali ne daga dokar farar hula kafin juyin juya hali, maimakon Sharia. Misali, yayin da kusan kashi 80% na hukuncin kisa na Iran na masu fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi ne, [17] dokokin fataucin ƙwayoyi suna daga cikin dokar farar hula ta Iran, ba dokar Shari'a ba.
Akwai nau'ikan kotuna masu aikata laifuka guda uku. Kotunan masu aikata laifuka na farko suna shari'ar manyan laifuka, laifuka masu hadd, da laifuka da qesas, kamar kisan kai, fyade, da sata. Wadannan kotuna na iya ba da hukuncin kisa. Kotunan masu aikata laifuka na biyu suna shari'ar ƙananan laifuka da laifuka. Kotunan juyin juya halin Musulunci suna gwada laifuka da aka yi wa jihar da cibiyoyin da ke da alaƙa da ita. Laifukan sun haɗa da smuggling (misali, na kwayoyi ko makamai), ta'addanci, karya, da cin amana. Kotunan juyin juya hali na iya ba da hukuncin kisa.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Iran - Facts on Trafficking and Prostitution". Archived from the original on 8 October 2014. Retrieved 28 October 2017. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "IP1" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 2.0 2.1 "NTC - Bancadati. Iran". Hands Off Cain. Retrieved 28 October 2017. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "IP2" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 3.0 3.1 "The Death Penalty in Iran". Death Penalty Worldwide. Archived from the original on 7 April 2019. Retrieved 5 August 2017. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "DPW Iran" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "Death sentences and executions in 2016". amnesty.org. 11 April 2017. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
- ↑ "The Death Penalty in 2017: Facts and Figures". Amnesty International. 2018-04-12. Retrieved 2018-07-16.
- ↑ "Annual Report on the Death Penalty in Iran - 2023" (PDF). Iran Human Rights. 2024. Retrieved 2024-05-20.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Iran reportedly executed at least 901 people in 2024, UN says". BBC News (in Turanci). 2025-01-07. Retrieved 2025-01-08.
- ↑ "Global: Executions soar to highest number in almost a decade". Amnesty International. 2024-05-29. Retrieved 2024-05-30.
- ↑ "Global: Executions soar to highest number in almost a decade". Amnesty International. 2024-05-29. Retrieved 2024-05-30.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Death sentences and executions in 2024". Amnesty International (in Turanci). 2025-04-08. Retrieved 2025-04-23. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "Iran executes British-Iranian on spying charges". DAWN.COM (in Turanci). Reuters. 2023-01-15. Retrieved 2023-01-30.
- ↑ Wilets, James D. (1997). "Conceptualizing Private Violence Against Sexual Minorities As Gendered Violence: An International and Comparative Law Perspective". Albany Law Review. 60 (3): 989–1050.
- ↑ "Death Penalty For Porn in Iran?". CBS News. 14 June 2007. Retrieved 4 September 2017.
- ↑ Zaalouni, Hedia (2023-09-18). "Annual Report on the Death Penalty in Iran: Alarming Increase in Executions". WCADP (in Turanci). Retrieved 2025-01-07.
- ↑ "Amnesty International Finds Iran Executions 'Spike' in 2021". iranintl.com (in Turanci). 2022-05-24. Retrieved 2025-01-07.
- ↑ "Iran fuels 2023 global executions rise - Amnesty International". www.bbc.com (in Turanci). 28 May 2024. Retrieved 2025-01-07.
- ↑ "Iran executions see 'unprecedented spike' - Amnesty". BBC News Middle East. British Broadcasting Corporation. 23 July 2015. Retrieved 23 July 2015.