Hukuncin kisa a Lesotho
 Hukuncin kisa a Lesotho | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
aspect in a geographic region (en)  | ||||
| Bayanai | ||||
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | hukuncin kisa | |||
| Fuskar | hukuncin kisa | |||
| Ƙasa | Lesotho | |||
| Wuri | ||||
| ||||
Hukuncin kisa a Lesotho doka ce. Koyaya, duk da cewa ba su da wani dakatarwar hukuncin kisa na hukuma, ƙasar ba ta aiwatar da wani kisa ba tun daga shekarun 1990s kuma saboda haka ana ɗaukar ta a matsayin mai kawar da doka.[1]
Dokar azabtarwa ta kisa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Dokar hukuncin kisa ta Lesotho ta bi da hukuncin kisa a matsayin hukunci na tilas ga laifukan kisa wanda alƙali dole ne ya ɗora sai dai idan akwai abubuwan da ke ragewa. Koyaya, alƙalai na Mosotho har yanzu ba sa ba da hukuncin kisa, kuma yana da matukar wuya ga kotunan daukaka kara su tabbatar da hukuncin kisa.[1] A cikin 2021, akwai mutane biyu kawai a kan layin mutuwa a cikin ƙasar, kodayake a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, layin mutuwa ya kasance babu komai saboda yawan lokutan da alƙalai suka ki ba da hukuncin kisa, kuma yawan lokutan kotunan daukaka kara ba za su tabbatar da hukuncin kisa a kan daukaka kara [2][3][4]
Kodayake Lesotho na de facto abolitionist ne, kasar ba mai sanya hannu ba ne ko kuma jam'iyya ga kowane yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya wanda zai nuna jajircewar su na kawar da hukuncin kisa, gami da Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Bil'adama da Siyasa (ICCPR) da Yarjejeniya ta Biyu ga ICCPR game da kawar da hukuncin mutuwa a cikin iyakokin kowane mai sanya hannu. Lokacin da ya zo ga Ƙudurin dakatarwar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Lesotho ta guji yin zabe.[2] Lesotho ta kuma guji jefa kuri'a a kan dukkan kudurorin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya guda huɗu game da dakatarwar duniya kan amfani da hukuncin kisa, kuma ta ki amincewa da shawarar Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkinobho ta tsara dakatarwar hukuncin kisa, soke hukuncin kisa, ko gyara dokokin hukuncin kisa don ya bi wajibai na yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa.[4]
Ana aiwatar da kisa a Lesotho ta hanyar ratayewa.[4] Koyaya, Lesotho ba ta da ƙwararren mai kisa ko mai ratayewa; don kisan Lesotho na baya-bayan nan, hukumomi sun kawo mai rataye daga wata ƙasa don aiwatar da shi.[5]
Dukkanin hukuncin kisa da aka yanke a Lesotho suna ƙarƙashin tsarin daukaka kara ta atomatik. Babban Kotun ne ke ba da hukuncin, bayan haka Kotun daukaka kara ta sake duba hukuncin. Yana da matukar wuya a Lesotho don hukuncin kisa don tsayayya da tsarin daukaka kara; yawancin hukuncin kisa ana soke su a kan daukaka kara.[4]
Tarihin kafin samun 'yancin kai
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun misalai na shari'ar kisa a Lesotho kafin samun 'yancin kai daga Ƙasar Ingila ya faru ne a shekarar 1948, lokacin da Cif Bereng Griffith Lerotholi, babban shugaban Phamong, da Cif Gabasheane Masupha, babban shugaban 'Mamathe a Berea, aka yanke musu hukunci kan aiwatar da kisan magani, ko directo, na mutumin da ake kira 'Meleke Ntai a ranar 4 ga Maris 1948. [6] Bayan an yanke musu hukuncin kisa a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba 1948, an kashe su ta hanyar ratayewa da asuba a ranar 3 ga Agusta 1949.[7] An kashe shugabannin ne a kurkuku a Maseru, babban birnin Lesotho, wanda aka sani da Basutoland a lokacin. Shugabannin suna da masu haɗin gwiwa da yawa wajen aiwatar da kisan, kuma an kashe wasu daga cikin masu haɗin gwiwa.[8]
Kisan gillar da aka yi wa Shugabannin Lerotholi da Masupha, manyan jami'ai biyu, ana sa ran sun kasance abin hanawa don hana wasu aikata irin waɗannan laifuka, amma irin wannan kisan ya ci gaba da faruwa, duk da cewa ba daidai ba. Wani shari'ar kisa kafin samun 'yancin kai a Lesotho ya faru ne a cikin shekarun 1950, lokacin da aka yanke wa wani fitaccen shugaban da abokin aikinsa hukuncin kisa a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1953 saboda kisan gillar wani mutum mai suna Makotomane Mokale.[7]
Tarihin bayan samun 'yancin kai da abubuwan da suka faru kwanan nan
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Lesotho ta ruwaito ga Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya cewa kisan gillar karshe da suka yi ya kasance a shekarar 1995. [9] [10] Mutumin da aka kashe shi ne Veddie Nkosi (wanda aka fi sani da Sello Nkosi, ko Veddie Sello Nkosi , kodayake jim kadan kafin a kashe shi, ya yi iƙirarin cewa shi dan kasar Zambiya ne mai suna Edward Donald Nduba ), wanda ke tsakanin shekaru 30 zuwa 40, kuma an same shi da laifin kisan wata mace mai suna Makamohelo Tsola yayin da ya shiga gidanta kusa da Maseru, ya sace ta, kuma ya yi mata fyade.[11][12] Kotun daukaka kara ta Lesotho ta amince da hukuncin kisa na Nkosi a ranar 16 ga Yulin 1993, kuma an kashe Nkosi ta hanyar ratayewa a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba 1995. A cikin kisan gillar da suka gabata, Lesotho ta shigo da wani rataye daga makwabciyar Afirka ta Kudu don aiwatar da hukuncin; a wannan yanayin, jami'an Mosotho sun shigo da wani mai rataye daga Zimbabwe. Wani mai ratayewa na biyu ya bayyana don samar da na farko da "taimako na ɗabi'a. " Wani mai shaida ga hukuncin ya damu da abin da ta gani, cewa ta ba da rahoton cewa hukuncin ya dame ta barci kuma ya sa ta yi mafarki mai ban tsoro.[10]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Novak, Andrew (2016). "The African Challenge to Global Death Penalty Abolition". International Human Rights Norms in Local Perspective. Intersentia: 95–118. doi:10.1017/9781780685465.006. ISBN 9781780685465. Retrieved 20 January 2022. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Novak" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Lesotho - WCADP". World Coalition Against the Death Penalty. 30 August 2021. Archived from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 20 January 2022. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "WCADP" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Whitney R. Harris World Law Institute (6 February 2011). "A Study of the Application of the Death Penalty in Lesotho". Legal Tools. Retrieved 21 January 2022.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 "The Death Penalty in Lesotho". www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org. Archived from the original on 12 October 2018. Retrieved 27 March 2017. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "DPWW" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Owori, Moses O.A. "The Death Penalty in Lesotho: The Law and Practice" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-05-08. Retrieved 2024-05-08.
- ↑ "Bereng Griffith, Lerotholi And Others v. The King Bereng Griffith, Lerotholi and others v. The King". LegitQuest. 25 July 1949. Retrieved 21 January 2022.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Death Penalty in Lesotho". Centre for Africa Strategic Studies. 11 July 2016. Retrieved 21 January 2022. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Centre" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Murray, Colin; Sanders, Peter (February 2000). "Medicine Murder in Basutoland: Colonial Rule and Moral Crisis". Africa: Journal of the International African Institute. Cambridge University Press. 70 (1): 49–78. doi:10.2307/1161401. JSTOR 1161401. Retrieved 21 January 2022.
- ↑ "The Death Penalty in Lesotho". www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org. Archived from the original on 12 October 2018. Retrieved 27 March 2017.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 "The Right to Life and Death Penalty". The Sunday Express. 7 November 2009. Archived from the original on 21 January 2022. Retrieved 21 January 2022.
- ↑ Owori, Moses O.A. "The Death Penalty in Lesotho: The Law and Practice" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-05-08. Retrieved 2024-05-08.
- ↑ Whitney R. Harris World Law Institute (6 February 2011). "A Study of the Application of the Death Penalty in Lesotho". Legal Tools. Retrieved 21 January 2022.