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Ian Wilmut

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Ian Wilmut
Rayuwa
Haihuwa Hampton Lucy (en) Fassara, 7 ga Yuli, 1944
ƙasa Birtaniya
Mazauni Edinburgh
Mutuwa 10 Satumba 2023
Yanayin mutuwa Sababi na ainihi (Cutar Parkinson)
Karatu
Makaranta University of Nottingham (en) Fassara Digiri a kimiyya
University of Cambridge (en) Fassara 1971) Ph.D. (mul) Fassara
Thesis director Christopher Polge (en) Fassara
Harsuna Turanci
Sana'a
Sana'a embryologist (en) Fassara da inventor (en) Fassara
Employers University of Edinburgh (mul) Fassara
The Roslin Institute (en) Fassara
Muhimman ayyuka Q25379401 Fassara
Dolly the Sheep (en) Fassara
Kyaututtuka
Mamba German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (en) Fassara
The Royal Society (mul) Fassara
National Academy of Sciences (en) Fassara
Royal Society of Edinburgh (mul) Fassara
European Molecular Biology Organization (mul) Fassara

 

Sir Ian Wilmut (7 ga Yulin 1944 - 10 ga Satumba 2023) masanin ilimin embryologist ne na Ingila kuma shugaban Cibiyar Scottish don Magunguna mai Regenerative [1] a Jami'ar Edinburgh . [2] Shi ne shugaban ƙungiyar bincike wanda a cikin 1996 ya fara kwayar da dabba mai shayarwa daga wani babban tantanin halitta, ɗan rago na Dorset na Finland mai suna Dolly.[3][4]

An nada Wilmut OBE a cikin 1999 don hidimomi ga ci gaban embryo kuma an ba shi lambar yabo a cikin 2008 New Year Honours . Shi, Keith Campbell da Shinya Yamanaka sun sami lambar yabo ta Shaw ta 2008 don Medicine da Life Sciences don aikin su kan bambancin sel a cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa.[5]

Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An haifi Wilmut a Hampton Lucy, Warwickshire, Ingila, a ranar 7 ga Yulin 1944. Mahaifin Wilmut, Leonard Wilmut, malamin lissafi ne wanda ke fama da Ciwon sukari na tsawon shekaru hamsin, wanda daga ƙarshe ya sa ya makance.[6] Ƙaramin Wilmut ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Boys a Scarborough, inda mahaifinsa ya koyar.[7] Sha'awarsa ta farko ita ce ta fara aikin sojan ruwa, amma bai iya yin hakan ba saboda makantaccen launi. Yayinda yake makaranta, Wilmut ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin gona a karshen mako, wanda ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ya yi karatun Aikin noma a Jami'ar Nottingham . [7][8]

A cikin 1966, Wilmut ya shafe makonni takwas yana aiki a dakin gwaje-gwaje na Christopher Polge, wanda aka yaba da haɓaka fasahar cryopreservation a cikin 1949.[1] A shekara mai zuwa Wilmut ya shiga dakin gwaje-gwaje na Polge don yin digiri na Doctor of Philosophy a Jami'ar Cambridge, daga inda ya kammala karatu a 1971 tare da rubutun kan ajiyar maniyyi.[2] A wannan lokacin ya kasance dalibi na digiri na biyu a Kwalejin Darwin

Ayyuka da bincike

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Bayan kammala karatunsa na PhD, ya shiga cikin bincike da ke mai da hankali kan gametes da embryogenesis, gami da aiki a Cibiyar Roslin . [7]

Wilmut was the leader of the research group that in 1996 first cloned a mammal, a lamb named Dolly.[9] She died of a respiratory disease in 2003. In 2008 Wilmut announced that he would abandon the technique of somatic cell nuclear transfer[10] by which Dolly was created in favour of an alternative technique developed by Shinya Yamanaka. This method has been used in mice to derive pluripotent stem cells from differentiated adult skin cells, thus circumventing the need to generate embryonic stem cells. Wilmut believed that this method holds greater potential for the treatment of degenerative conditions such as Parkinson's disease and to treat stroke and heart attack patients.

Wilmut ya jagoranci tawagar da ta kirkiro Dolly, amma a shekara ta 2006 ya yarda da abokin aikinsa Keith Campbell [11] ya cancanci "kashi 66" na kirkirar da ta sa haihuwar Dolly ta yiwu, kuma cewa sanarwa "Ban kirkiro Dolley ba" daidai ne. Matsayinsa na sa ido ya dace da matsayin Babban mai bincike wanda Wilmut ke da shi a lokacin da aka halicci Dolly.

Mutuwa

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Wilmut died from complications of Parkinson's disease on 10 September 2023, aged 79.

Kyaututtuka da girmamawa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A shekara ta 1998 ya sami lambar yabo ta Lord Lloyd na Kilgerran [12] da lambar yabo ta Golden Plate na Kwalejin Achievement ta Amurka. [13]

An nada Wilmut a matsayin Jami'in Order of the British Empire (OBE) a cikin girmamawar ranar haihuwar 1999 "don hidimomi ga Ci gaban Embryo" kuma Fellow na Royal Society (FRS) a shekara ta 2002. [14][15] Ya kuma kasance zaɓaɓɓen Fellow na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kiwon Lafiya a 1999 kuma Fellow na Royal Society na Edinburgh a 2000. [16][17] An zabe shi memba na EMBO a shekara ta 2003. [18] A wannan shekarar, an ba shi Kyautar Ernst Schering .

MANAZARTA

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  1. ↑ "Dolly creator heads Scots honours". BBC News. 29 December 2007. Retrieved 16 April 2009.
  2. ↑ "Redirecting Cell Fate, Group leader: Ian Wilmut FRS, FRSE". Archived from the original on 23 April 2020. Retrieved 26 July 2011.
  3. ↑ Campbell, K. H. S.; McWhir, J.; Ritchie, W. A.; Wilmut, I. (1996). "Sheep cloned by nuclear transfer from a cultured cell line". Nature. 380 (6569): 64–66. Bibcode:1996Natur.380...64C. doi:10.1038/380064a0. PMID 8598906. S2CID 3529638.
  4. ↑ Schnieke, A. E.; Kind, A. J.; Ritchie, W. A.; Mycock, K.; Scott, A. R.; Ritchie, M.; Wilmut, I.; Colman, A.; Campbell, K. H. (1997). "Human Factor IX Transgenic Sheep Produced by Transfer of Nuclei from Transfected Fetal Fibroblasts". Science. 278 (5346): 2130–2133. Bibcode:1997Sci...278.2130S. doi:10.1126/science.278.5346.2130. PMID 9405350. S2CID 36257561.
  5. ↑ "The 2008 Prize in Life Science & Medicine". Shaw Prize Foundation. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 October 2022.
  6. 1 2 3 "Autobiography of Sir Ian Wilmut". The Shaw Prize. 2008. Archived from the original on 15 June 2009. Retrieved 16 April 2009.
  7. ↑ "Ian Wilmut Interview: Pioneer of Cloning". Academy of Achievement. 23 May 1998. Archived from the original on 23 March 2009. Retrieved 16 April 2009.
  8. ↑ Giles, J.; Knight, J. (2003). "Dolly's death leaves researchers woolly on clone ageing issue". Nature. 421 (6925): 776. Bibcode:2003Natur.421..776G. doi:10.1038/421776a. PMID 12594470.
  9. ↑ "Dolly creator heads Scots honours". BBC News. 29 December 2007. Retrieved 16 April 2009.
  10. ↑ Wilmut, I. (2012). "Keith Campbell (1954–2012)". Science. 338 (6114): 1553. Bibcode:2012Sci...338.1553W. doi:10.1126/science.1233495. PMID 23258883. S2CID 206547014.
  11. ↑ "Dolly creator heads Scots honours". BBC News. 29 December 2007. Retrieved 16 April 2009.
  12. ↑ "Dolly creator heads Scots honours". BBC News. 29 December 2007. Retrieved 16 April 2009.
  13. ↑ "Dolly creator heads Scots honours". BBC News. 29 December 2007. Retrieved 16 April 2009.
  14. ↑ Anon (2002). "Sir Ian Wilmut OBE FMedSci FRS". royalsociety.org. Royal Society. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where: 'All text published under the heading "Biography' on Fellow profile pages is available under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.' --"Royal Society Terms, conditions and policies". Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 9 March 2016.
  15. ↑ Anon (1999). "Ian Wilmut FMedSci". acdmedsci.ac.uk. Academy of Medical Sciences. Archived from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
  16. ↑ "File relating to Ian Wilmut's Fellowship of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 2000–2005". Collections.ed.ac.uk. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
  17. ↑ Anon (2003). "EMBO Profile: Ian Wilmut". people.embo.org. European Molecular Biology Organization.
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