Igor Sikorsky
Igor Ivanovich Sikorsky (Russian: Игорь Иванович Сикорский,; 25 May 1889 – 26 Oktoba 1972) ya kasance sojan sama na farko-farko dan Rasha da Amurka,[1][2][3] nasararsa na farko ya soma ne da "Sikorsky_S-2", jirgin sama na biyu da ya zana kuma ya kera. Jirgin saman sa na biyar mai suna S-5, ya janyo masa girmamawa na kasa da kuma lamban lasisi na F.A.I. Jirginsa S-6-A ya samu lamban yabo mafi girma a taron Baje kolin Sojojin Sama na Moscow, sannan a karshen shekaran jirgin ya samu lmabn yabo na daya don matashin da ya zana ta, ya kera sannan kuma a gasar sojojin sama aSaint Petersburg. A shekarar 1912, Sikorsky-ya zana Russky Vityaz (S-21), ya samo jirgin sama na farko mai inji-hudu da yayi nasarar tashi. Ya kuma zana sannan ya kera Ilya Muromets (S-22 – S-27) dangin jirgin sama masu injina guda hudu, jirgin saman da ya sake kerawa da ya zamo jirgin sama mai daukan bamabamai mai inji hudu a yayin da Yakin Duniya ta 1 ya barke.
Bayan ya yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekarar 1919 saboda Juyin Juya Halin Rasha, Sikorsky ya kafa Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation a 1923 kuma ya kirkiri jirgin ruwa na farko na Pan American Airways a cikin shekarun 1930, gami da Sikorsky S-42 "Flying Clipper".
A cikin 1939, Sikorsky ya kera kuma ya tashi Vought-Sikorsky VS-300, jirgi mai saukar ungulu na farko na Amurka, wanda ya fara amfani da babban rotor da kuma antitorque guda ɗaya da yawancin jirage masu saukar ungulu ke amfani da su a yau. Sikorsky ya gyara ƙirar a cikin Sikorsky R-4, wanda ya zama jirgi mai saukar ungulu na farko a duniya a cikin 1942.
Rayuwa ta farko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Igor Sikorsky a Kiev, Daular Rasha (yanzu Kyiv, Ukraine), a ranar 25 ga Mayu, 1889.[4] Shi ne ƙarami a cikin 'ya'ya biyar. Mahaifinsa, Ivan Alexeevich Sikorsky, farfesa ne a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam a Jami'ar Saint Vladimir (yanzu Jami'ar Taras Shevchenko ta Kasa), likitan kwakwalwa ne wanda yayi suna a duniya, kuma Mai kishin kasan Rasha.[5]
Igor Sikorsky Kirista ne na Orthodox . [6] Yayin da aka tambaye shi game da asalinsa, yana amsawa: "Iyalina sun fito ne daga asalin Rasha. Kaka na da sauran kakannina sun fito daga zamanin Bitrus Mai Girma firistocin Orthodox ne na Rasha. "
Mahaifiyar Sikorsky, Mariya Stefanovna Sikorskaya (née Temryuk-Cherkasova), likita ce wacce ba ta yi aiki a matsayin sana'a ba. Wani lokaci ana kiranta Zinaida Sikorsky. Yayinda take koyar da Igor yana matashi a gida, ta sanya masa tsananin ƙaunar fasaha, musamman a fannin rayuwa da ayyukan Leonardo da Vinci, da labarun Jules Verne. A shekara ta 1900, yana da shekaru 11, ya bi mahaifinsa zuwa Jamus kuma ta hanyar tattaunawa da mahaifinsa ya zama mai sha'awar kimiyya. Bayan ya dawo gida, Sikorsky ya fara gwaji tare da na'urorin tashi na samfurin, kuma yana da shekaru 12, ya yi ƙaramin jirgi mai saukar ungulu mai amfani da roba.
Sikorsky ya fara karatu a Saint Petersburg Maritime Cadet Corps a 1903 yana dan shekaru 14. A shekara ta 1906, ya yanke shawarar cewa makomar sa ta kasance a fannin injiniyanci ne, don haka ya fita daga makarantan sojoji, duk da matsayinsa mai kyau, kuma ya bar Daular Rasha don karatu a Paris. Ya koma Daular Rasha a cikin 1907, ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Injiniya ta Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Kyiv. Bayan kammala karatu, Sikorsky ya sake bin mahaifinsa zuwa Jamus a lokacin rani na 1908, inda ya koyi a kan nasarorin ' Wright Borthers Flyer da Ferdinand von Zeppelin. Sikorsky daga baya ya ce game da wannan lamarin: "A cikin sa'o'i ashirin da hudu, na yanke shawarar canza aikin rayuwata. Zan yi karatun jirgin sama. "[7]
A farkon yakin duniya na a shekara ta 1914, binciken jirgin sama da kasuwancin samar da jirgin sama na Sikorsky a Kyiv yana ta bunƙasa, kuma masana'antarsa ta yi bama-bamai a lokacin yakin. Bayan Juyin Juya Halin Rasha a 1917, Igor Sikorsky ya tsere daga ƙasarsa a farkon 1918, saboda Bolsheviks sun yi barazanar harbe shi saboda kasancewa "aboki ga Tsar kuma ya kasance sanannen mutum". Ya koma Faransa inda aka ba shi kwangila don ƙirar sabon jirgin sama mai ƙarfi na Muromets. Amma a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1918 yaƙin ya ƙare, kuma gwamnatin Faransa ta daina tallafawa harkokin soja, inda ya yanke shawarar ƙaura zuwa Amurka. A ranar 24 ga Maris, 1919, ya bar Faransa a cikin jirgin ruwa na Lorraine, ya isa Birnin New York a ranar 30 ga Maris, 1919 [8] .[9][10]
Mai tsara jirgin sama
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Britannica Concise Encyclopedia" Archived ga Afirilu, 4, 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2006, p. 1751.
- ↑ "Sergei Sikorsky: Reflecting on the 90th Anniversary of Sikorsky Aircraft" Archived ga Yuli, 19, 2015 at the Wayback Machine Quote: Some 90 years ago, on March 5, 1923, a Russian refugee named Igor Sikorsky organized a new company"
- ↑ Jacobson, Lee (April 2013). "Igor Sikorsky Was a Reflection of His Heritage and Experiences in Life" (PDF). Sikorsky Archives News. Igor I. Sikorsky Historical Archives. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 21, 2022. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
My family is of Russian origin. My grandfather and other ancestors from the time of Peter the Great were Russian Orthodox priests. Consequently, the Russian nationality of the family must be considered as well established
- ↑ "History". SikorskyArchives.com. Part 2. Archived from the original on August 8, 2020. Retrieved April 27, 2020.
- ↑ Hillis, Faith. Children of Rus': Right-Bank Ukraine and the Invention of a Russian Nation 2013, ISBN 0-8014-5219-8, p. 259.
- ↑ "Sikorskyarchives.com". Archived from the original on January 18, 2015. Retrieved January 18, 2015.
- ↑ Christiano, Marilyn (July 5, 2005). "Igor Sikorsky: Aircraft and Helicopter Designer". Voice of America News. Archived from the original on 3 August 2008. Retrieved July 17, 2010.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named300.years.spb.ru - ↑ "Игорь Иванович Сикорский: отец авиации и храмостроитель". Pravmir (in Russian). 7 June 2009. Archived from the original on August 15, 2016. Retrieved June 28, 2016.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ↑ Ukrainian Congress Committee of America 1978